Prevalence of the colonization of Helicobacter pylori among students of the school of dentistry, University of Granada, Spain

The oral cavity is a reservoir for Helicobacter pylori, and occupations that involve close contact with it, like Dentistry, could entail a higher risk of colonization. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the length of stay at the School of Dentistry of the University of Granada could influence colonization by H. pylori, and to furthermore correlate colonization by H. pylori, with the state of oral health and oral hygiene habits. The study groups were: Group 1, 35 students of Odontology in their first year of studies; Group 2, the same 35 students when they were in their fifth academic year; Group 3, 35 students from University study programs unrelated with Health and of the same age as the group 2 students. All underwent H. pylori, colonization determinations by means of the urea breath test (UBT), stool antigen test and a serological test. Also studied were the variables plaque index, gingival index and the number of times teeth were brushed per day. The Student t test was used for comparisons among the three studied groups. The Chi-squared test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to determine any connection between colonization by H. pylori, and the variables studied. Comparisons between groups 1 and 2 and between groups 2 and 3 showed significant differences regarding colonization by H. pylori, plaque index, gingival bleeding index and tooth brushing. A positive correlation was found between being colonized by H. pylori, and having a gingival index higher than 10% and tooth brushing once a day or less, in all the studied groups. Colonization by H. pylori, among Dentistry students at the University of Granada decreased over a four-year time period at the University. Factors related with better oral health, such as a lower gingival index and more frequent tooth brushings, would explain these results

Diseño de una prueba de evaluación clínica objetiva estructurada de cuidados de enfermería del primer curso de prácticas clínicas

Objective: The aim of the present study was to design a content-valid nursing objective structured clinical examination attending a first-year clinical nursing practice program. Method: The examination was designed following a procedure based on the consensus of experts which was comprised of three phases: selection of the activities in which students should be competent according to the learning outcomes of the course, clinical case design, and integration of the clinical cases designed into the stations of the test. Results: Of the 44 surveys submitted for the design of the stations, 37 were answered, of which 31 respondents met the inclusion criteria of the panel of experts. The activities on which the experts reached the highest degrees of consensus were: basic physical assessment and monitoring of vital signs, assessment of hygiene and skin status, ability to develop care plans, management of safety principles in administration of medication and administration of oral medication. Based on the selected activities, the experts developed 20 clinical cases, from which a four-station nursing objective structured clinical examination was designed. Conclusion: The structured methodology based on the design of experts enabled the design of a content-valid objective structured clinical examination appropriate for the evaluation of the learning outcomes achieved by the students attending a clinical practice program

Análisis de la percepción del profesorado sobre la conciencia del aprendizaje del alumnado en las actividades participativas

We find ourselves in a society in which learning has changed dramatically, due to various factors such as the improvement of educational technology, the pandemic caused by COVID-19 or the advancement of the knowledge society. That is why it is not only important to train students in the contents of the official curricula of each of the Autonomous Communities, but it is also necessary to seek for students to acquire a set of key skills, acquired in formal or non-formal contexts, that allows them to develop as people and can efficiently access the labor market. For this reason, a participatory didactic proposal was planned and designed to help acquire these key competencies. We ask ourselves the research question: Are the students aware of their learning when carrying out participatory activities? as a concern of our research group when developing the didactic proposal with a group of 1st year Secondary Education from the Vía Dalmacia Institute in the town of Torrejoncillo. Semi-structured interviews wereconducted with fourkeyinformants, who wereteachers who participated in the planning and development of the experience. A qualitative methodology was used with a phenomenological dilemma, based on content analysis. Among the results obtained, it stands out that the teachers preferentially think that the students are aware of their learning bycarrying out theactivities. In addition, the factors that improve this perception are having an active role, collaboration, interest and curiosity. On the other hand, among the factors that hinder students’ awareness of learning are immaturity and lack of self-perception. The didactic proposal carried out has helped to verify which are the factors in which the teaching staff should focus so that the students can be aware of the key competences they acquire.Nos encontramos en una sociedad en la que el aprendizaje ha cambiado vertiginosamente, debido a diversos factores como la mejora de la tecnología educativa, la pandemia provocada por el COVID-19 o el avance de la sociedad del conocimiento. Es por ello, que no solo es importante formar al alumnado en los contenidos de los currículos oficiales de cada una de las Comunidades Autónomas, sino que hay que buscar que el alumnado adquiera un conjunto de competencias clave, adquiridas en contextos formales o no formales, que les permita desarrollarse como personas y puedan acceder de forma eficiente al mercado laboral. Por ello, se planificó y diseñó una propuesta didáctica participativa, que ayude a la adquisición de estas competencias clave. Nos planteamos la pregunta de investigación: ¿El alumnado es consciente de su aprendizaje al realizar actividades participativas? como inquietud de nuestro grupo de investigación al desarrollar la propuesta didáctica con un grupo de 1º de Educación Secundaria del Instituto Vía Dalmacia de la población de Torrejoncillo. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a cuatro informantes clave, que fueron docentes que participaron en la planificación y desarrollo de la experiencia. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa con un díselo fenomenológico, basado en el análisis de contenido. Entre los resultados obtenidos, se destaca que el profesorado piensa preferentemente que el alumnado es consciente de su aprendizaje con la realización de las actividades. Además, los factores que mejoran esta percepción son el tener un papel activo, la colaboración, el interés y la curiosidad. En cambio, entre los factores que dificultan la consciencia del aprendizaje en el alumnado son la inmadurez y la falta de auto-percepción. La propuesta didáctica realizada, ha ayudado a comprobar cuáles son los factores en los que el profesorado se debe focalizar para que el alumnado pueda ser consciente de las competencias clave que adquiere.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor IRE1α enhances IL-23 expression by human dendritic cells

Producción CientíficaHuman monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) exposed to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) undergo bioenergetic changes that influence the immune response. We found that stimulation with PAMPs enhanced glycolysis in DCs, whereas oxidative phosphorylation remained unaltered. Glucose starvation and the hexokinase inhibitor 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) modulated cytokine expression in stimulated DCs. Strikingly, IL23A was markedly induced upon 2-DG treatment, but not during glucose deprivation. Since 2-DG can also rapidly inhibit protein N-glycosylation, we postulated that this compound could induce IL-23 in DCs via activation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. Indeed, stimulation of DCs with PAMPs in the presence of 2-DG robustly activated inositol-requiring protein 1α (IRE1α) signaling and to a lesser extent the PERK arm of the unfolded protein response. Additional ER stressors such as tunicamycin and thapsigargin also promoted IL-23 expression by PAMP-stimulated DCs. Pharmacological, biochemical, and genetic analyses using conditional knockout mice revealed that IL-23 induction in ER stressed DCs stimulated with PAMPs was IRE1α/X-box binding protein 1-dependent upon zymosan stimulation. Interestingly, we further evidenced PERK-mediated and CAAT/enhancer-binding protein β-dependent trans-activation of IL23A upon lipopolysaccharide treatment. Our findings uncover that the ER stress response can potently modulate cytokine expression in PAMP-stimulated human DCs.Plan Nacional de Salud y Farmacia (Proyecto SAF2013-44521-R

Effectiveness of physiotherapy treatment through diacutaneous fibrolysis in patient with carpal tunnel syndrome. 12 case series

The objective of the study was to analyze the effectiveness of physiotherapy treatment through diacutaneous fibrolysis in 12 case series of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (mild to moderate intensity)

31 visiones actuales de la transparencia

Treinta y una aportaciones de autores nacionales y extranjeros sobre la transparencia de las instituciones públicas y de los sujetos obligados por la Ley 19/2013 de 9 de diciembre y el derecho de acceso a la información pública

Atención al paciente crítico y cuidados paliativos

Los objetivos del curso son: Definir qué es un paciente en estado crítico. Describir brevemente la historia y origen de los cuidados crítico. Definir los conceptos de vigilancia y tratamiento intensivo. Describir los posibles diseños arquitectónicos de una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Explicar la importancia de la vigilancia en el cuidado de un paciente en estado crítico. Describir los diferentes parámetros que se pueden determinar mediante la monitorización invasiva y no invasiva. Describir los dispositivos mas frecuentes usados en el cuidados de un paciente en estado crítico. Describir los cuidados básicos en un paciente sometido a ventilación mecánica. Interpretar los diferentes protocolos de la RCP avanzada. Identificar los distintos tipos de transportes sanitarios así como las características de cada uno de ellos. Describir los cuidados que debemos aplicar a un paciente en coma. Describir los cuidados que debemos aplicar a un paciente politraumatizado

Guía prácticas clínicas área médica

Manual que pretende servir de instrumento de orientación y ayuda para alcanzar los objetivos prácticos/clínicos propuestos para el área Médica

Child abuse prevention

Los programas de prevención del maltrato infantil, centrado en sus niveles primario y secundario, se han constituido en los últimos años como la opción idónea para mitigar este fenómeno psicosocial al atender adecuadamente a la población infantil en general, y a los niños en dificultad social en particular. Este articulo de revisión plantea que dichos programas deben contemplarcomoprincipio básico la adecuación de las necesidades de los niños y las capacidades parentales de sus cuidadores, teniendo en cuenta el contexto sociocultural en el cual la familia está inmersa. Los autores exponen diferentes estrategias para la prevención del maltrato infantil, destacando entre éstas: a) el desarrollo de la competencia parental para la capacitación de los padres a través del entrenamiento de habilidades en la crianza y educación de sus hijos, b) la eliminación del posible aislamiento social de las familias por medio de una prestación de servicios de intervención comunitaria