Quiste paraprostático osteocolagenoso : descripción de un caso clínico

Se describe un caso de quiste paraprostático osteocolagenoso en un perro Pastor alemán de 8 años de edad con un historial de distensión abdominal, constipación y disuria de 7 días de duración. Esta es una lesión prostática poco común que consiste en la presencia de un quiste con una pared compuesta de tejido conectivo con áreas de metaplasia ósea. Su diagnóstico clínico se realiza por palpación abdominal y rectal, punción directa y mediante técnicas de diagnóstico por imagen, aunque este tipo de quiste aún no se encuentra bien documentado a nivel ecográfico. A pesar de que su etiología es desconocida el tratamiento quirúrgico presenta buenos resultados.An osteocollagenous paraprostatic cyst is described in a 8 years old German shepherd presented with an hystory of abdominal distension, constipation and dysuria of one wcek's duration. It is arare prostatic lesion consisting of a large cyst with a wall composed of bone and connective tissue. Its clinical diagnosis is carried out by abdominal and rectal palpation, centesis and diagnostic imaging techniques however, the ultrasonographic appearance of this type of cyst is not well documented. Although the etiology is unknown, surgical removal provides good results

Virtual reality training platform for flexible ureterorenoscopy interventions with a minimally invasive surgical robot

The total number of ureteroscopy (URS) interventions during the past years has dramatically increased due to the ongoing technological advances and the benefits associated with these techniques. However, the current URS procedure presents some drawbacks to urologic surgeons. The LITHOS project was created with the main objective of developing a surgical robotic system for flexible ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy interventions, offering a technological solution that meets the real needs of both patients and surgeons in this type of procedures. In this paper, a virtual reality environment for flexible ureterorenoscopy interventions is presented. The proposed environment provides a suitable training platform for surgeons manipulating the surgical robotic system

Perfectionism during childhood and adolescence. Bibliometric and thematic analysis (2004-2014)

El perfeccionismo es un rasgo de la personalidad caracterizado por la imposición a uno mismo de unas normas de desempeño poco realistas, la motivación por ser perfeccionista y la percepción del entorno como demasiado exigente y crítico. Este estudio tuvo por objeto analizar la literatura científica sobre perfeccionismo en niños y adolescentes, publicada en 4 bases de datos (Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO y Education Resources Information Center), entre el año 2004 y el 2014. Se obtuvieron 325 documentos que fueron analizados con base en distintos indicadores bibliométricos, como el análisis de la producción temporal, las revistas y autores más productivos sobre el tópico y el índice de coautoría, así como un análisis y discusión de las características de la población, los principales instrumentos empleados y las temáticas identificadas. Se halló una tendencia a elaborar los trabajos en colaboración y un número considerable de grandes productores (Gordon L. Flett, Paul L. Hewitt, Andrew P. Hill y Bart Soenens). Destacaron la Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale y la Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale como los 2 instrumentos más empleados para evaluar el perfeccionismo en niños y adolescentes. Igualmente, prevalecieron los estudios realizados en adolescentes frente a aquellos con participantes de población infantil. Se observó que la mayor parte de los documentos analizados se centraron en analizar la relación entre el perfeccionismo y la psicopatología. Por último, se discuten las temáticas identificadas, las limitaciones encontradas y los aspectos consolidados, sirviendo como referencia para la realización de futuros estudios sobre el campo del perfeccionismo durante la infancia y la adolescencia.Perfectionism is a personality trait characterized by the self-imposition of unrealistic standards of performance, the motivation to be a perfectionist and the perception of the environment as too demanding and critical. The aim of this study was to analyze the scientific literature on perfectionism in children and adolescents. The documents were collected from 4 databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO and Education Resources Information Center), limiting the period between 2004 and 2014. These 325 documents were analyzed with different bibliometric indicators such as the analysis of the temporal productivity, the most productive journals and authors, and the co-authored index, as well as an examination and discussion of the population characteristic, the main instruments used, and the issues identified. It was found a tendency to develop collaborative work and a considerable number of big producers (Gordon L. Flett, Paul L. Hewitt, Andrew P. Hill y Bart Soenens). The Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale and the Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale were the most used instruments to assess perfectionism in children and adolescents. Likewise, there were more studies in adolescents than in children. It was observed that most of the documents analyzed focused on examine the relationship between perfectionism and psychopathology. Finally, the main identified issues are discussed, found limitations and consolidated areas, serving as a reference for future studies on the field of perfectionism during childhood and adolescence.Parte de esta investigación está subvencionada por la ayuda para la contratación de personal investigador en formación predoctoral, Programa VALi + d, concedida a María Vicent, y el proyecto «Evaluación de la ansiedad escolar y su relación con variables psicoeducativas en la infancia. Estudio de la eficacia de un programa preventivo» (EDU2012-35124), cuyo IP es el doctor José Manuel García Fernández

Maternal and fetal risks of planned vaginal breech delivery vs planned caesarean section for term breech birth: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Breech presentation delivery approach is a controversial issue in obstetrics. How to cope with breech delivery (vaginal or C-section) has been discussed to find the safest in terms of morbidity. The aim of this study was to assess the risks of foetal and maternal mortality and perinatal morbidity associated with vaginal delivery against elective caesarean in breech presentations, as reported in observational studies. Methods Studies assessing perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with breech presentations births. Cochrane, Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Cuiden databases were consulted. This protocol was registered in PROSPERO CRD42020197598. Selection criteria were: years between 2010 and 2020, in English language, and full-term gestation (37-42 weeks). The methodological quality of the eligible articles was assessed according to the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Meta-analyses were performed to study each parameter related to neonatal mortality and maternal morbidity. Results The meta-analysis included 94 285 births with breech presentation. The relative risk of perinatal mortality was 5.48 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.61-11.51) times higher in the vaginal delivery group, 4.12 (95% CI = 2.46-6.89) for birth trauma and 3.33 (95% CI = 1.95-5.67) for Apgar results. Maternal morbidity showed a relative risk 0.30 (95% CI = 0.13-0.67) times higher in the planned caesarean group. Conclusions An increment in the risk of perinatal mortality, birth trauma, and Apgar lower than 7 was identified in planned vaginal delivery. However, the risk of severe maternal morbidity because of complications of a planned caesarean was slightly higher

Self-Description Questionnaire II (short version): evidence of reliability and validity in a sample of chilean adolescents

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la fiabilidad y validez de las puntuaciones de la versión breve del Self-Description Questionnaire II (SDQ-II-S) en población chilena. La muestra se compuso de 1255 adolescentes chilenos, con un rango de edad de 13 a 17 años (M = 15.10; DT = 1.30). El análisis factorial confirmatorio corroboró la estructura original de 11 factores correlacionados del SDQ-II-S. La multidimensionalidad del cuestionario también fue avalada por la pequeña magnitud de las correlaciones entre los 11 factores (M = 0.26). Los coeficientes alfa de Cronbach variaron desde 0.70 hasta 0.84, y se destacó una adecuada fiabilidad. Para profundizar en el análisis de la validez de constructo del SDQ-II-S, se relacionaron las puntuaciones de las diferentes escalas con puntuaciones en medidas de ansiedad (Inventario de Ansiedad Estado-Rasgo) y autoeficacia (Escala de Autoeficacia Percibida Específica de Situaciones Académicas). Los resultados pusieron de manifiesto que estos cuestionarios permiten analizar constructos diferenciados aunque relacionados. Los datos de este trabajo destacan que el SDQ-II-S presenta adecuadas propiedades psicométricas en población chilena, contrarrestando las carencias existentes en lo que respecta a la evaluación del autoconcepto, y resaltan interesantes aplicaciones tanto en el ámbito aplicado como en el de la investigación.This study sought to analyse the reliability and validity of the scores from the Short Version of the Self-Description Questionnaire II (SDQ-II-S). The sample consisted of 1255 Chilean adolescents with an age range of 13–17 years (M = 15.10; SD = 1.30). Confirmatory factor analyses verified the original correlated 11-factor structure of the SDQ-II-S. The multidimensionality of the questionnaire was also supported by small magnitude of correlations among factors (M = 0.26). Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranged from 0.70 to 0.84, showing adequate reliability. For further analyses of the construct validity of SDQ-II-S, scores of the different scales were related to scores on anxiety (State Anxiety Inventory-Trait) and self-efficacy measurements (Academic Situations Specific Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale). The results revealed that those questionnaires assess different –yet related– constructs. The data presented indicate that the SDQ-II-S shows adequate psychometric properties in the Chilean population, thereby countering the current scarcity of appropriate self-concept assessment measurements, and displaying interesting applications both in the applied and research areas

Diferenças de gênero e idade na evasão escolar em uma mostra de adolescentes chilenos

El presente estudio tuvo por objeto analizar las diferencias de género y edad en rechazo escolar, en una muestra de adolescentes chilenos. Participaron 2678 estudiantes de Educación Media, 1169 chicos y 1509 chicas, con edades comprendidas entre 13 y 18 años. El rechazo escolar se midió a través de la School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised for Children (SRAS-R-C), que evalúa el rechazo para evitar situaciones que producen afectividad negativa (Factor I), escapar de situaciones sociales y/o evaluativas (Factor II), llamar la atención de personas significativas (Factor III) y obtener recompensas tangibles fuera del colegio (Factor IV). Los resultados derivados del análisis de varianza revelaron que las chicas puntuaron significativamente más alto que los chicos en el Factor I, mientras que los chicos puntuaron significativamente más alto que las chicas en los Factores II y IV. Asimismo, se hallaron diferencias de edad en los cuatro factores que componen el rechazo escolar.The aim of this study was to analyze gender and age differences on school refusal in a Chilean adolescents’ sample. 2678 Middle School students, 1169 boys and 1509 girls, between 13 and 18 years old participated in our research. School refusal was assessed by the implementation of the School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised for Children (SRAS-R-C), which measures the refusal to avoid school-based stimuli provoking negative affectivity (Factor I), escape from aversive social and/or evaluative situations (Factor II), attention seeking from significant people (Factor III), and pursue of tangible rewards outside of school (Factor IV). Results derived from analysis of variance revealed that the girls scored notably higher than the boys in factor I, while the boys scored notably higher than the girls in factors II and IV. Additionally, age differences were found for the four factors that integrate school refusal.O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar as diferenças de acordo com sexo e idade na evasão escolar em uma mostra de adolescentes chilenos. Participaram 2.678 estudantes do Ensino Fundamental e Médio, 1.169 alunos e 2.678 alunas, com idade entre 13 e 18 anos. A evasão escolar foi medida através da School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised for Children (SRAS-R-C) que a avalia para evitar situações que produzam afetividade negativa (Fator I), escapar de situações sociais e/ou avaliativas (Fator II), chamar a atenção de pessoas significativas (Fator III) e obter recompensas tangíveis fora da escola (Fator IV). Os resultados da análise de variância revelaram diferenças significativas para o Fator I, em nome das alunas, e para os Fatores II e IV, em favor dos alunos. Também foram encontradas diferenças de idade entre os quatro fatores que compõem o abandono escolar

Entorno didáctico de bajo coste para formación en tecnologías de cirugía guiada por imagen y robótica

Este trabajo de investigación presenta un nuevo entorno didáctico de bajo coste para la formación ingenieril de temáticas de cirugía guiada por imagen y robótica. Con este entorno se pretende mejorar la motivación y autonomía del alumnado, que hasta el momento se hallaba acotada debido al alto componente teórico de las sesiones impartidas. El entorno está formado por un phantom, una herramienta software, un sistema robótico y un manipulador que permite obtener una realimentación háptica. Se ha llevado a cabo una experiencia piloto en la asignatura de cuarto curso "Simulación y planificación quirúrgica" del Grado de Ingeniería Biomédica de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. Los resultados de las encuestas llevadas a cabo muestran que la nueva metodología mejora en todos los casos los valores obtenidos usando la metodología clásica basada en la clase magistral y prácticas

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligand FICZ improves left ventricular remodeling and cardiac function at the onset of pressure overload-Induced heart failure in mice

Adverse ventricular remodeling is the heart’s response to damaging stimuli and is linked to heart failure and poor prognosis. Formyl-indolo [3,2-b] carbazole (FICZ) is an endogenous ligand for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), through which it exerts pleiotropic effects including protection against inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress. We evaluated the effect of AhR activation by FICZ on the adverse ventricular remodeling that occurs in the early phase of pressure overload in the murine heart induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Cardiac structure and function were evaluated by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) before and 3 days after Sham or TAC surgery in mice treated with FICZ or with vehicle, and cardiac tissue was used for biochemical studies. CMRI analysis revealed that FICZ improved cardiac function and attenuated cardiac hypertrophy. These beneficial effects involved the inhibition of the hypertrophic calcineurin/NFAT pathway, transcriptional reduction in pro-fibrotic genes, and antioxidant effects mediated by the NRF2/NQO1 pathway. Overall, our findings provide new insight into the role of cardiac AhR signaling in the injured heart.This research was supported by Grants SAF2017-84777-R, funded by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) of Spain, PID2020-113238RB-I00 funded by the Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIN)/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 of Spain and the “European Union Next GenerationEU/PRTR”; PI20/01482-1 funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, CB16/11/00222 funded by the Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV) and a Grant (Proyectos 2021) financed by the Universidad Francisco de Vitoria

Step-by-Step Description of Lateral Interaction in Accumulative Computation

Abstract. In this paper we present a method for moving objects detection and labeling denominated Lateral Interaction in Accumulative Computation (LIAC). The LIAC method usefulness in the general task of motion detection may be appreciated by means of some step-by-step descriptions of significant examples of object detection in video sequences of synthetic and real images