Indicators of short-term interest rate expectations : the information contained in the options market

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Effect of alkali and membrane area on the simultaneous recovery of nitrogen and phosphorous from digestate by membrane technology and chemical precipitation

Producción CientíficaNutrient recovery from the agri-food sector waste is an increasingly recognized option within the framework of the bioeconomy. Membrane technologies and chemical precipitation are among the best valued options for their economic and practical feasibility. In this study, the combination of gas-permeable membrane (GPM) technology for the recovery of nitrogen (N) and the chemical precipitation for phosphorous (P) recovery from anaerobically digested swine manure is evaluated. This work studies the effect of the membrane area and the addition of alkali on N and P recovery efficiencies. Specifically, two different membrane area ratios (180 and 100 g of N per m2 of membrane) with and without the addition of alkali were studied. High nutrient recovery efficiencies, of 77% for N and 80% for P, were obtained after 10 days of experiment with a ratio of 180 g N per m2 of GPM and the addition of NaOH (1.5 N), along with the precipitant agent (MgCl2) for P precipitation. Hence, a combined configuration was proposed to perform an effective simultaneous recovery of N and P with the minimum amount of membrane needed in a short time.Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria (INIA), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación y Agencia Española de Investigación (AEI) - (project PID2019-106148RR-C41)Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) y Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) - (Projects RTA2015- 00060-C04-01 and PID2019-106148RR-C41)Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) - (grant BES-2017- 082327)Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) - (grant RYC-2020-029030-I/AEI/10.13039/501100011033

Indicadores de expectativas sobre los tipos de interés a corto plazo : la información contenida en el mercado de opciones

La estimacion de la funcion de probabilidad de los tipos esperados proporciona indicadores que ayudan a evaluar los efectos de los shocks monetarios y financieros. Esta estimacion es posible utilizando la informacion recogida en los mercados de opciones sobre tipos de interes. En este trabajo se ha estimado, mediante un metodo parametrico, la funcion de distribucion de los tipos interbancarios a tres meses esperados, utilizando los datos de las opciones call sobre el futuro MIBOR-90. La evolucion temporal de dicha funcion de distribucion ha permitido evaluar los efectos de los movimientos en los tipos de intervencion del Banco de España sobre la distribucion de expectativas de los agentes sobre los tipos de interes a corto plazo. Contiene graficos y bibliografia. (mcm) (is) (mac

Multiscale understanding of tricalcium silicate hydration reactions

Tricalcium silicate, the main constituent of Portland cement, hydrates to produce crystalline calcium hydroxide and calcium-silicate-hydrates (C-S-H) nanocrystalline gel. This hydration reaction is poorly understood at the nanoscale. The understanding of atomic arrangement in nanocrystalline phases is intrinsically complicated and this challenge is exacerbated by the presence of additional crystalline phase(s). Here, we use calorimetry and synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction to quantitatively follow tricalcium silicate hydration process: i) its dissolution, ii) portlandite crystallization and iii) C-S-H gel precipitation. Chiefly, synchrotron pair distribution function (PDF) allows to identify a defective clinotobermorite, Ca11Si9O28(OH)2.8.5H2O, as the nanocrystalline component of C-S-H. Furthermore, PDF analysis also indicates that C-S-H gel contains monolayer calcium hydroxide which is stretched as recently predicted by first principles calculations. These outcomes, plus additional laboratory characterization, yielded a multiscale picture for C-S-H nanocomposite gel which explains the observed densities and Ca/Si atomic ratios at the nano- and meso- scales.This work has been supported by Spanish MINECO through BIA2014-57658-C2-2-R, which is co-funded by FEDER, BIA2014-57658-C2-1-R and I3 (IEDI-2016-0079) grants. We also thank CELLS-ALBA (Barcelona, Spain) for providing synchrotron beam time at BL04-MSPD beamline

Synchrotron Pair Distribution Function analyses of Ye’elimite-based pastes

The study of nanocrystalline phase atomic ordering is intrinsically complicated. The presence of additional crystalline phase(s) exacerbates this challenge. Here, we use the synchrotron pair distribution function (PDF) to characterize the local atomic order of the nanocrystalline phases in ye’elimite-containing pastes. Here, a multi r-range analysis approach has been used, where the 30–50 Å r-range allows determining the crystalline phase contents and the 1.6-35 Å is used to characterize the atomic ordering in the nanocrystalline components. Quantitative phase contents have been also derived from these analyses. Specifically, we have prepared five stoichiometric ye’elimite pastes with variable anhydrite and water contents. For the pastes without anhydrite addition, ettringite was not present and two calcium aluminium monosulfate phases were required for good PDF fits. In addition to crystalline AFm (c =28.6 Å), a nanocrystalline AFm phase with a significantly smaller c-unit cell parameter value, c =26.8 Å, was required having about 60 Å of particle size. For a paste obtained with 31 wt% of anhydrite addition, the main crystalline phase was ettringite with the aluminium hydroxide having nano-gibbsite local structure with a quite small average particle size, =35 ÅThis work has been supported by Spanish MINECO through BIA2014-57658-C2 and BIA2017-82391-R, which are co-funded by FEDER. PDF experiment was performed at ID15A beamline of ESR

Processing and hydration activation of limestone calcined clay belite rich cements.

Belite-rich limestone calcined clay cements, BR-LC3, could be an alternative for low carbon binders with potentially very good durability properties, given the high amount of C-S-H gel from the cement hydration with additional C-(A)-S-H from the pozzolanic reaction. Nevertheless, BR-LC3 phase hydration rates at early ages are slow and they must be enhanced, for instance by using C-S-H nucleation seeding admixtures. In this work, a BR-LC3 binder was prepared using a clinker-activated Belite-rich cement, BC (58 wt%), kaolinitic calcined clay (26 wt%), limestone (13 wt%) and gypsum (3 wt%). Pastes were prepared with a water-to-binder (w/b) ratio of 0.40 and superplasticizer. Mortars were prepared with the w/b=0.40 and having a target slump self-flow of 210±20 mm. Paste hydration characterization was carried out by thermal analysis, Rietveld quantitative phase analysis and mercury intrusion porosimetry. The compressive strengths of the mortars were also determined. Remarkable compressive strength improvements at 7 and 28 days are shown by using a C-S-H seeding admixture. The improvement of mechanical strengths is not related to belite phase hydration acceleration but mainly to lower porosity.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Reformulating Pro-Oxidant Microglia in Neurodegeneration

In neurodegenerative diseases, microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are central events. Recent genome-wide transcriptomic analyses of microglial cells under different disease conditions have uncovered a new subpopulation named disease-associated microglia (DAM). These studies have challenged the classical view of the microglia polarization state's proinflammatory M1 (classical activation) and immunosuppressive M2 (alternative activation). Molecular signatures of DAM and proinflammatory microglia (highly pro-oxidant) have shown clear differences, yet a partial overlapping gene profile is evident between both phenotypes. The switch activation of homeostatic microglia into reactive microglia relies on the selective activation of key surface receptors involved in the maintenance of brain homeostasis (a.k.a. pattern recognition receptors, PRRs). Two relevant PRRs are toll-like receptors (TLRs) and triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2), whose selective activation is believed to generate either a proinflammatory or a DAM phenotype, respectively. However, the recent identification of endogenous disease-related ligands, which bind to and activate both TLRs and TREM2, anticipates the existence of rather complex microglia responses. Examples of potential endogenous dual ligands include amyloid β, galectin-3, and apolipoprotein E. These pleiotropic ligands induce a microglia polarization that is more complicated than initially expected, suggesting the possibility that different microglia subtypes may coexist. This review highlights the main microglia polarization states under disease conditions and their leading role orchestrating oxidative stress

El periodismo local reinventa estrategias. Decálogo para los desafíos en tiempos de inteligencia artificial [Local journalism reinvents strategies. Decalogue for the challenges in times of artificial intelligence]

Local and hyperlocal journalism is experiencing times of great change. It is reinventing and reinforcing strategies to survive in a scenario where news deserts have increased, many local media have disappeared and many news projects are finding it difficult to keep up with the pace of production and innovation imposed by the digital ecosystem. The digital transition has led to the appearance of many native media, especially due to the reduction of procedures and the ease of creating a platform on the web, but few had solid projects. Now, with the massive arrival of Artificial Intelligence (AI), many of these media outlets that have resisted the onslaught of adaptation, are convinced that they must review their strategies and look back at their audiences, who have not always been known in depth or understood their needs and demands, despite the multiple metrics that exist to monitor media consumption

Cibermeios hiperlocais ibéricos: o nascimento de uma nova rede de proximidade

Durante la última década, el ecosistema comunicativo ha experimentado una profunda transformación desde la proximidad con la proliferación de los cibermedios hiperlocales. En este artículo se exploran las iniciativas que han nacido en España y Portugal y se evidencia la existencia de una nueva red de medios de proximidad. El estudio comparado de distintos elementos propios de la producción informativa se aplica a cinco cibermedios con diferentes modelos organizativos y de gestión. Los resultados muestran tendencias comunes en cuanto a los espacios y temas de cobertura, participación activa de los ciudadanos u orientación a la comunidad propia de los hiperlocalesDuring the last decade, the communication ecosystem has undergone a profound transformation in the areas of proximity, due to the proliferation of hyperlocal online media. In this article, we explore the initiatives born in Spain and Portugal, and we show the existence of a new media network in the areas of proximity. This study compares different elements of information production of five online media with different organizational and management models. The results show common trends in terms of spaces and coverage issues, active participation of citizens or orientation to the community of the hyperlocal mediaAo longo da última década, o ecossistema comunicativo tem sofrido uma profunda transformação em relação à proximidade com a proliferação dos cibermeios hiperlocais. Este artigo descreve as iniciativas que nasceram na Espanha e em Portugal e mostra a existência de uma nova rede de meios de proximidade. O estudo comparativo de diferentes elementos da produção de informações aplica-se a cinco cibermeios com diferentes modelos de organização e de gestão. Os resultados mostram tendências comuns em relação a espaços e temas de cobertura, participação activa dos cidadãos ou orientação para a própria comunidade dos hiperlocaisEste texto forma parte de la difusión de resultados del proyecto de investigación del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad titulado Innovación y desarrollo de los cibermedios en España. Arquitectura de la interactividad periodística en dispositivos múltiples: formatos de información, conversación y servicios (Referencia: CSO2012-38467-C03-03) y de los trabajos exploratorios para el marco contextual y referencial del proyecto de investigación Usos y preferencias informativas en el nuevo mapa de medios en España: modelos de periodismo para dispositivos móviles (Referencia: CSO2015-64662-C4-4-R)S

PROCEDIMIENTOS DESARROLLADORES: UNA VÍA PARA LA GESTIÓN DEL CONOCIMIENTO EN LA EDUCACIÓN PRIMARIA

DEVELOPING PROCEDURES: A WAY FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF KNOWLEDGE IN PRIMARY EDUCATION AUTORAS: [1] [2] Kenia Elizabeth García Armas[3] DIRECCIÓN PARA CORRESPONDENCIA: [email protected]   Fecha de recepción: 19-01-2018 Fecha de aceptación: 12-03-2018 RESUMEN Con los adelantos de la ciencia y la tecnología se ha producido un cambio, tanto en la forma de acceder a la información, como en su propia naturaleza, así como para su adquisición y manejo, que permite gestionar el conocimiento, el cual conduce a un aprendizaje desarrollador donde se tiene en cuenta la participación activa de los protagonistas del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. En él se crean espacios y momentos de reflexión que impliquen al escolar en el análisis de las tareas, las vías para su solución y su control valorativo. En el artículo se hace un análisis de este proceso de manera general y en particular en la Educación Primaria. Se propone un procedimiento para contribuir a la gestión del conocimiento en los escolares del segundo y tercer momentos del desarrollo y ejemplos de su implementación. PALABRAS CLAVE: gestión del conocimiento; procedimiento; aprendizaje desarrollador. ABSTRACT With advances in science and technology there has been a change, both in the way of accessing information, as well as in its own nature, as well as for its acquisition and management, which allows the management of knowledge, which leads to a developer learning where the active participation of the protagonists of the teaching-learning process is taken into account. In it, spaces and moments of reflection are created that involve the scholar in the analysis of the tasks, the ways for their solution and their evaluative control. In the article an analysis of this process is made in a general way and in particular in Primary Education. A procedure is proposed to contribute to knowledge management in schoolchildren of the second and third moments of development and examples of its implementation. KEYWORDS: knowledge management; procedure; developer learning.   [1] Master. Docente de la Universidad de Las Tunas. Las Tunas. Cuba. [2] Doctor en Ciencias Pedagógicas. Docente de la Universidad de Las Tunas. Las Tunas. Cuba. [3] Master. Docente de la Universidad de Las Tunas. Las Tunas. Cuba