Neutron Activation Analysis of Aluminum in Postmortem Human Lung Tissue

Author Institution: Department of Biology, Denison UniversityNeutron activation analysis was used to assay trace quantities of aluminum in postmortem human lung tissue samples. Dried accurately weighed lung tissue samples were activated in a 3.3 x 1()13 neutrons/cm2/sec thermal neutron flux and analyzed using a lithiumdrifted germanium detector and 4096 channel gamma spectrophotometer. The 1778 kcv gamma photon emitted by Al28 was quantified using the comparator technique with highly purified aluminum cyclohexane butyrate as the Al standard. The aluminum content of human lung tissue was shown not to be related to occupational exposure to industrial fiberglass. Residents of Akron, Ohio, were shown to have significantly higher concentrations of aluminum in their lungs than do residents of Newark, Ohio. A set of normal concentrations for aluminum in postmortem human lung tissue was developed, based on neutron activation analysis. The relative simplicity, accuracy, and precision of this technique suggest its use in further studies of this type

Persistent isolated hypocortisolism following brief treatment with trilostane

A 12-year-old male neutered Miniature Poodle with confirmed pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism was treated with trilostane. After three doses, it developed clinical and laboratory changes suggestive of isolated hypocortisolism ('atypical hypoadrenocorticism'), which persisted and progressed for more than 3 months despite immediate withdrawal of the trilostane. The clinical signs of hyperadrenocorticism resolved without further trilostane. After 3 months, prednisolone treatment was started and the clinical signs of hypocortisolism resolved. Prednisolone therapy was required for more than 1 year. Ultrasonography initially demonstrated large hypoechoic adrenal cortices, typical of dogs with hyperadrenocorticism, which then became small and heteroechoic, consistent with the development of adrenal necrosis. Persistent isolated hypocortisolism has not been reported previously as a complication of trilostane therapy. The case is also remarkable for the very short duration of trilostane therapy that elicited this complication. Clinicians should be aware that trilostane therapy may result in adrenal necrosis, even in the very earliest stages of therapy, but prompt action can prevent a life-threatening situation

Study on the use of therapeutic group 'CO2' drugs (Antihypertensive) in Huelva province

Métodos: El presente trabajo analiza el consumo de medicamentos del Grupo Terapéu tico C02.Antihipertensivos, en Dosis Diaria Defrnida por cada 1 .000 habitant es y día (DHD) en cada uno de los siete Distritos Sanitarios en que se encuentra dividida la provincia de H uelva, durante 1998 y /999, mes a mes. Resultados: Existe un incremento de consumo en el segundo año. Es el D istrito Camas el que mayor uso hace de ellos; y, el que menos , Costo. Son los /E­ CA los más utilizados en todos los distritos, destacando el pr incipio activo enalaprilo, seguido de captopriloMethods: This study the use of C02.A tihypertensives drugs in terms of Daliy Defrned Dose per 1000 inhabitants and per doy (DIO), in each of the seven Hea lth Distr ias in which the prov ince of Huelva is divided, during the years of 1998 abd 1999, on o monthly basis. Results: An increased use is obser­ ved during the second year. These antihypertensive drugs are pres cribed the most in the health district of Comas, and the le­ ast in the health district of Huelva y Costa.The used drugs are mostly ACE (Angiotensin-co nverting enzime) inhibitors, mainly enalapril, followed by captopri

Estudio de utilización de medicamentos betabloqueantes en la provincia de Huelva

Métodos: El presente trabajo analiza el consumo de me­ dicamentos {>-bloqueantes, en Dosis Diarias Definida por cada 1.000 habitantes y día en cada uno de los siete Distritos Sani­ tarios en que se encuentra dividida la provincia de Huelva, du­ rante 1998 y 1999, mes a mes. Resultados: Es siempre en el Distrito Aljarafe en el que más se prescriben y en Costa donde menos.- El Subgrupo Terapéutico de {>-bloqueantes cardioselec­ tivos solos es el más utilizado en todos los Distritos Sanitarios, con la excepción del Distrito Camas, en el mes de marzo de los dos años, que prefieren la asociación de {>-bloqueante con diurético.-Atenolol es el principio activo más prescritoMethods: This research analyzes the use o( {>-blocker drugs, in Diary Defined Dose per 1.000 residents and per doy (DHD), by each o( the seventh Health Districts in which the province o( Hue/­ va is subdivided, during the years o( 1998 and 1999, on a monthly basis. Results: lt is always in Distria Aljarafe where they are pres­ cribed the most, and in Distria Costa where they are prescribed the least The therapeutic sub-group o( cardioselective {>-blockers alone is the most prescribed one i n al/ the districts during March in both years, except for Camas, where the diuretic and {>-blocker association is preferred . Atenolol was the most prescr ibed generi

Hypolipemiant drug use study in Huelva province

Métodos: El presente trabajo analiza el consumo de medicamentos hipolipemiantes, en Dosis Diaria Definida por cada 1 .000 habitante y día (DHD) en cada uno de los siete Distritos Sanitarios en que se encuentra dividida la provincia de Hue/va, durante 1 998 y 1 999, mes a mes. Resultados: Existe una intensificación de uso en el segundo año. Son los Distritos Huelva y Andévalo en los que más se prescriben y Aljarafe y Camas en los que menos.Atorvastatina y simvastatina son los principios de mayor utilización. Atorvastatina es, con gran diferencia, la más usada de todos en el segundo año de estudioMethods : This research analyzes the use of antihyperliperlipedimic drugs, in Diary Defined Dose per 1.000 residents and per day (DHD), by each of the seventh Health Districts in which the province of Huelva is subdivided, during the years of 1998 and 1999, on a monthly basis. Results:There is an increased use during the second year. Antihyperliperlipedimic drugs where prescribed more often in the Health Districts of Hue/va and Andeval, and the ones with the lowest antihyperliperlipedimic drugs prescrption rate were Healt Districts of Aljarafe and Camas.Atorvastatin and simvastatin where the most used drugs.Atorvastatin is, by far, the most uses statin during the second yea

Inhibition of HIV-1 infectivity and epithelial cell transfer by human monoclonal IgG and IgA antibodies carrying the b12 V region

Both IgG and secretory IgA Abs in mucosal secretions have been implicated in blocking the earliest events in HIV-1 transit across epithelial barriers, although the mechanisms by which this occurs remain largely unknown. In this study, we report the production and characterization of a human rIgA(2) mAb that carries the V regions of IgG1 b12, a potent and broadly neutralizing anti-gp120 Ab which has been shown to protect macaques against vaginal simian/HIV challenge. Monomeric, dimeric, polymeric, and secretory IgA(2) derivatives of b12 reacted with gp120 and neutralized CCR5- and CXCR4-tropic strains of HIV-1 in vitro. With respect to the protective effects of these Abs at mucosal surfaces, we demonstrated that IgG1 b12 and IgA(2) b12 inhibited the transfer of cell-free HIV-1 from ME-180 cells, a human cervical epithelial cell line, as well as Caco-2 cells, a human colonic epithelial cell line, to human PBMCs. Inhibition of viral transfer was due to the ability of b12 to block both viral attachment to and uptake by epithelial cells. These data demonstrate that IgG and IgA MAbs directed against a highly conserved epitope on gp120 can interfere with the earliest steps in HIV-1 transmission across mucosal surfaces, and reveal a possible mechanism by which b12 protects the vaginal mucosal against viral challenge in vivo

Trilostane in dogs

Over the last 10 years, trilostane, a competitive inhibitor of steroid synthesis, is being widely used for the treatment of canine hyperadrenocorticism. Trilostane causes a significant but reversible decrease in cortisol production and a concomitant improvement in clinical signs in most dogs with this common condition. Side effects, though infrequent, can be serious: dogs treated with this drug require regular monitoring. This review summarizes current knowledge of the use of this drug with particular emphasis on its efficacy, safety, adverse reactions, and effects on endocrine parameters. Brief mention is made of its other uses in dogs and other species