Failure: A Heuristic Inquiry of the Experience of Failure Through a Nature Based Art Therapy Process

The aim of this arts based study was to investigate the experience of failure during the dissertation process. Through a heuristic lens, its objective was to gain an understanding of the tacit experience of failure and the influence of a nature art based process on the understanding of failure. Failure is integral to the scientific method (Wang et al. 2019), enhancing understanding and teaching us valuable skills. Intentional engagement with our response to failure allows us to address and incorporate possibilities that are often unseen (Nelson et al., 2017). The art process illuminates tacit knowledge, unearthing creative solutions and untapped possibilities (Joseph, 2006; Manthe & Carolan, 2017). The process of creating art in nature welcomes curiosity and provides containment for the expression of emotional experiences (Berger & Lahad, 2013). The study was guided by Andy Goldsworthy’s process of making collaborative art pieces with nature to incorporate the process of taking risks and utilizing failure (Malapas, 2005). An elite sampling of art therapists engaged in a nature based art process inspired by the work of Andy Goldsworthy and the open studio process (Allen, 2016). The art therapists, along with the researcher, focused on a failure they encountered during their dissertation and engaged in a nature art process and narrative reflection. The intentional immersive depth of heuristic inquiry supported the illumination of tacit knowledge and unique contributions to the understanding of failure

Energy distribution analysis of the wavepacket simulations of CH4 and CD4 scattering

The isotope effect in the scattering of methane is studied by wavepacket simulations of oriented CH4 and CD4 molecules from a flat surface including all nine internal vibrations. At a translational energy up to 96 kJ/mol we find that the scattering is still predominantly elastic, but less so for CD4. Energy distribution analysis of the kinetic energy per mode and the potential energy surface terms, when the molecule hits the surface, are used in combination with vibrational excitations and the corresponding deformation. They indicate that the orientation with three bonds pointing towards the surface is mostly responsible for the isotope effect in the methane dissociation.Comment: 20 pages LaTeX, 1 figure (eps), to be published in Surf. Sc

Non-adiabatic effects in F + CHD3 reactive scattering

Palma J, Manthe U. Non-adiabatic effects in F + CHD3 reactive scattering. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS. 2017;146(21): 214117.The effect of non-adiabatic transitions on the F(P-2) + CHD3(nu(1)) -> DF + CHD2 and F(P-2) + CHD3(nu(1)) -> HF + CD3 reactions is investigated. The dynamics of the nuclei was simulated using trajectory surface hopping and a vibronically and spin-orbit coupled diabatic potential energy matrix. To facilitate the calculations, the fewest switching algorithm of Tully was adapted to the use of a complex diabatic potential energy matrix. For reactions of CHD3 with ground state fluorine atoms, F(P-2(3/2)), the ratio between the previously computed adiabatic cross sections and the non-adiabatic ones was found to range from 1.4 to 2.1. The actual ratio depends on the translational energy and the initial vibrational state of CHD3. The total reactivity of CHD3(nu(1) = 1) was found to be always larger than that of CHD3(nu(1) = 0) mainly because of the increase in the cross sections for the HF + CD3 channel. Thus, the inclusion of non-adiabatic transitions in the theoretical treatment cannot resolve the existing disagreement between theory and experiment. Cross sections for the reaction of CHD3 with spin-orbit excited fluorine atoms, F(P-2(1/2)), were found to be significantly smaller than the ones for reaction with F(P-2(3/2)). Published by AIP Publishing

Whole-brain radiomics for clustered federated personalization in brain tumor segmentation

Federated learning and its application to medical image segmentation have recently become a popular research topic. This training paradigm suffers from statistical heterogeneity between participating institutions' local datasets, incurring convergence slowdown as well as potential accuracy loss compared to classical training. To mitigate this effect, federated personalization emerged as the federated optimization of one model per institution. We propose a novel personalization algorithm tailored to the feature shift induced by the usage of different scanners and acquisition parameters by different institutions. This method is the first to account for both inter and intra-institution feature shift (multiple scanners used in a single institution). It is based on the computation, within each centre, of a series of radiomic features capturing the global texture of each 3D image volume, followed by a clustering analysis pooling all feature vectors transferred from the local institutions to the central server. Each computed clustered decentralized dataset (potentially including data from different institutions) then serves to finetune a global model obtained through classical federated learning. We validate our approach on the Federated Brain Tumor Segmentation 2022 Challenge dataset (FeTS2022). Our code is available at (https://github.com/MatthisManthe/radiomics_CFFL).Comment: Accepted at Medical Imaging with Deep Learning (MiDL) 2023 conferenc

Warum treffen sich soziale Bewegungen? Vom Wert der Begegnung: Interaktionssoziologische Perspektiven auf das Weltsozialforum

Warum treffen sich soziale Bewegungen? Dieser Frage geht der Autor am Beispiel der transnationalen Bewegungskonferenz des Weltsozialforums nach. Mithilfe einer interaktionssoziologischen Perspektive zeigt er auf, welche Eigenleistungen die Sozialform der (physischen) Interaktion für das Zustandekommen und den Erfolg der Treffen sozialer Bewegungen erbringt. Hierzu analysiert er, wie eine fragile Interaktionsordnung konstruiert, Verstehen ermöglicht und Zusammenhalt geschaffen wird - und dadurch Alternativen lebbar werden. Dabei wird deutlich, dass es nicht nur bei sozialen Bewegungen einen Eigenwert hat, sich leibhaftig zu treffen, anstatt über technische Medien zu kommunizieren.Social movements and their (transnational) meetings - on the intrinsic and added value of face-to-face interaction

Nature Art Therapy: Preliminary Research Findings

Andy Goldsworthy inspired nature art therapy provides a metaphoric template in which an adolescent explores time, change, and loss. Goldsworthy speaks to the importance of a heightened sense of touch or ‘haptic’ state that nature sculpture provokes within the artist utilizing all senses (Malpas, 2007; Goldsworthy, 2004). This whole body, mindful contemplation of place and the present, directly connects to the asserted need of the adolescent struggling with trauma (Van der Kolk, 2014). Nature art therapy allows the individual to create an essential sense of safety through the involvement of right brain interventions as well as the resolution of attachment to the environment. The importance of re-establishing a safe place for growth is essential to the developing needs of the adolescent struggling with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). This paper explores the importance of place through review of relevant literature and description of research within a nine week Andy Goldsworthy inspired nature group based treatment intervention for teenagers diagnosed with PTSD. Keywords: Art Therapy, nature Therapy, PTSD, Adolescence, Space, Andy Goldsworthy

Quantum dynamics of H-2 in a carbon nanotube: Separation of time scales and resonance enhanced tunneling

Mondelo-Martell M, Huarte-Larranaga F, Manthe U. Quantum dynamics of H-2 in a carbon nanotube: Separation of time scales and resonance enhanced tunneling. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS. 2017;147(8): 84103.Quantum confinement effects are known to affect the behavior of molecules adsorbed in nanostructured materials. In order to study these effects on the transport of a single molecule through a nanotube, we present a quantum dynamics study on the diffusion of H-2 in a narrow (8,0) carbon nanotube in the low pressure limit. Transmission coefficients for the elementary step of the transport process are calculated using the flux correlation function approach and diffusion rates are obtained using the single hopping model. The different time scales associated with the motion in the confined coordinates and the motion along the nanotube's axis are utilized to develop an efficient and numerically exact approach, in which a diabatic basis describing the fast motion in the confined coordinate is employed. Furthermore, an adiabatic approximation separating the dynamics of confined and unbound coordinates is studied. The results obtained within the adiabatic approximation agree almost perfectly with the numerically exact ones. The approaches allow us to accurately study the system's dynamics on the picosecond time scale and resolve resonance structures present in the transmission coefficients. Resonance enhanced tunneling is found to be the dominant transport mechanism at low energies. Comparison with results obtained using transition state theory shows that tunneling significantly increases the diffusion rate at T < 120 K. Published by AIP Publishing

Investigation of Vesicular-Mediated Transport of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1-Targeted Carriers for Treatment of Lysosomal Storage Disorders

Numerous cellular processes and therapeutic interventions rely on vesicular-mediated endocytosis to gain entry into cells and sub-cellular compartments, as well as for transcellular transport across biological barriers such as found at the blood-brain interface. Yet, endocytic behavior can be altered in disease, representing an additional hurdle in the design of effective therapeutic strategies. Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs), characterized by lysosomal accumulation of undigested substrates as a result of deficient enzymatic activity, illustrate this paradigm. Currently, intravenous infusion of recombinant lysosomal enzymes to replace those deficient is the standard clinical approach for these disorders. However, clathrin-mediated endocytosis utilized by replacement enzymes for cellular uptake and lysosomal trafficking is altered, thereby impacting treatment efficacy as recently demonstrated in acid sphingomyelinase-deficient type A Niemann-Pick disease (NPD). Therefore, alternative means to bypass defunct routes is warranted. Therapeutic delivery via polymer nanocarriers targeting intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (anti-ICAM NCs), a cell-surface molecule overexpressed in endothelial and subjacent tissue cells during inflammation, such as in LSDs, represents a viable option since it permits uptake, intra- and transcellular transport via a unique endocytic route called the cell adhesion molecule (CAM) pathway. In this dissertation, cell culture and animal models were used to examine the (1) endocytic activity of the CAM pathway and other clathrin-independent routes in type A NPD, (2) role of targeting valency (i.e., density of ICAM-1-targeting molecules on the NC surface) in regulating the CAM pathway, and (3) effects induced via engagement of ICAM-1 on cells by anti-ICAM NCs. The results herein demonstrate the CAM pathway is more active in diseased cells compared to other classical endocytic pathways, making it the most amenable route for therapeutic enzyme replacement. Further, modulating targeting valency of NCs optimized this strategy for enhanced enzyme delivery to the brain, a target organ for type A NPD. Lastly, anti-ICAM NCs attenuated endothelial release of soluble ICAM-1, an inflammatory regulator, representing a secondary benefit of this system. Overall, this work validates utility of anti-ICAM NCs for enzyme replacement to treat NPD and likely other LSDs, and provides insight into biological processes and design parameters that influence the therapeutic efficacy of targeted drug carriers