Sistema de llenado automático de botellas con control de nivel utilizando procesamiento digital de imágenes

Esta tesis propone el uso de procesamiento digital de imágenes para el control de clasificación, a través de redes neuronales, en un sistema de llenado automático de botellas. Las imágenes de las tres botellas fueron capturadas por una cámara web, dichas imágenes a través de algoritmos de MatLab pasaron a escala de grises y fueron almacenadas en una matriz de 20x20 que sirven como entrada a la red neuronal. Luego, la PC envió la información al sistema de control indicando el tipo de botella. De acuerdo a la información recibida el sistema de control activo el motor de la banda transportadora para hacer avanzar la botella hacia las estaciones de llenado, desecho, enchapado y selección. En la estación de llenado, el sistema de control activó los motores de llenado de acuerdo al tipo de botella. Si el llenado es muy alto o insuficiente, la base circular lleva a la botella a la posición de desecho. Si el llenado es el correcto, la base circular desplaza a la botella hacia la fase de clasificación. Se realizaron diferentes pruebas en el entrenamiento de la red neuronal en lo que respecta el número de iteraciones, donde se vio que 7000 iteraciones permiten que el reconocimiento sea eficiente. También para determinar la eficacia del llenado, se obtuvo que dos de cada diez botellas fueron rechazadas por mal llenado. En lo que respecta la productividad, con este sistema en media hora se puede tener hasta 38 botellas y en 8 horas hasta 608.Tesi

Experimental Stark widths and shifts of V II spectral lines

We have measured the Stark widths and shifts of V II spectral lines in the wavelength range 2000-4200 Å belonging to 75 multiplets. The spectra are emitted by laser-induced plasmas generated from fused glass discs prepared by borate fusion. The electron density and temperature are in the ranges (0.72-6.5) × 1017 cm-3 and (11 000-14 900) K, respectively. To avoid self-absorption, we have used seven samples with vanadium concentrations selected by the CSigma graph methodology. This has allowed to include strong and weak lines in the study, including resonance and forbidden lines. The experimental widths and shifts are compared with theoretical values available in the literature.Fil: Manrique Rosel, Javier. Universidad CEU San Pablo; EspañaFil: Diaz Pace, Diego Martin. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. - Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Aragón, Concepción. Universidad Publica de Navarra. Departamento de Ciencias.; EspañaFil: Aguilera Andoaga, Jose antonio. Universidad Publica de Navarra. Departamento de Ciencias.; Españ

Newmark displacement data for low to moderate magnitude events in the Betic Cordillera

Land-use decisions in relation to seismic-induced landslide hazard are usually made through the preparation of hazard maps. The rigid-block method is probably the most used for this purpose. Under this method, Newmark displacement is computed for each slope unit and this displacement is used as a guide for establishing categories of hazard. At present, most relations used for computing Newmark displacement are established from moderate-to-high magnitude earthquakes (Mw ≥ 6.5). This data article provides Newmark displacements computed from accelerograms recorded in the Betic Cordillera for low-to-moderate magnitude earthquakes (Mw = 3.5 – 6.3). Records come from the Spanish Strong Ground Motion database (Instituto Geográfico Nacional). Newmark displacements were computed focusing on yield accelerations frequently recorded in such scenarios (0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, 0.08 and 0.10), although higher accelerations were also considered (0.125, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25 and 0.30 g's). These data are useful for the study of the hazard in seismic scenarios of low-to-moderate magnitude, very frequent in practice. These data have been used in the study by Delgado et al., 2020.This work was partially founded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and EU FEDER funds (CGL2015-65602-R), by the Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresa y Universidad (Junta de Andalucía), in the frame of the Programa Operativo FEDER Andalucía 2014-2020 – call made by the University of Jaén 2018, and by the Research Group VIGROB-184 (University of Alicante)

RecruitNet: A global database of plant recruitment networks

Plant recruitment interactions (i.e., what recruits under what) shape the composition, diversity, and structure of plant communities. Despite the huge body of knowledge on the mechanisms underlying recruitment interactions among species, we still know little about the structure of the recruitment networks emerging in ecological communities. Modeling and analyzing the community-level structure of plant recruitment interactions as a complex network can provide relevant information on ecological and evolutionary processes acting both at the species and ecosystem levels. We report a data set containing 143 plant recruitment networks in 23 countries across five continents, including temperate and tropical ecosystems. Each network identifies the species under which another species recruits. All networks report the number of recruits (i.e., individuals) per species. The data set includes >850,000 recruiting individuals involved in 118,411 paired interactions among 3318 vascular plant species across the globe. The cover of canopy species and open ground is also provided. Three sampling protocols were used: (1) The Recruitment Network (RN) protocol (106 networks) focuses on interactions among established plants (“canopy species”) and plants in their early stages of recruitment (“recruit species”). A series of plots was delimited within a locality, and all the individuals recruiting and their canopy species were identified; (2) The paired Canopy-Open (pCO) protocol (26 networks) consists in locating a potential canopy plant and identifying recruiting individuals under the canopy and in a nearby open space of the same area; (3) The Georeferenced plot (GP) protocol (11 networks) consists in using information from georeferenced individual plants in large plots to infer canopy-recruit interactions. Some networks incorporate data for both herbs and woody species, whereas others focus exclusively on woody species. The location of each study site, geographical coordinates, country, locality, responsible author, sampling dates, sampling method, and life habits of both canopy and recruit species are provided. This database will allow researchers to test ecological, biogeographical, and evolutionary hypotheses related to plant recruitment interactions. There are no copyright restrictions on the data set; please cite this data paper when using these data in publications. © 2022 The Authors. Ecology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Ecological Society of America

Newmark displacement data for low to moderate magnitude events in the Betic Cordillera

Land-use decisions in relation to seismic-induced landslide hazard are usually made through the preparation of haz- ard maps. The rigid-block method is probably the most used for this purpose. Under this method, Newmark displace- ment is computed for each slope unit and this displace- ment is used as a guide for establishing categories of haz- ard. At present, most relations used for computing New- mark displacement are established from moderate-to-high magnitude earthquakes (Mw ≥6.5). This data article pro- vides Newmark displacements computed from accelerograms recorded in the Betic Cordillera for low-to-moderate mag- nitude earthquakes (Mw = 3.5–6.3). Records come from the Spanish Strong Ground Motion database (Instituto Geográfico Nacional). Newmark displacements were computed focusing on yield accelerations frequently recorded in such scenarios (0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, 0.08 and 0.10), although higher accelerations were also considered (0.125, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25 and 0.30 g’s). These data are useful for the study of the hazardEuropean Union (EU) CGL2015-65602-RResearch Group (University of Alicante) VIGROB-184Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresa y Universidad (Junta de Andalucía), in the frame of the Programa Operativo FEDER Andalucía 2014-202

Determinación del nivel de alineación del perfil de competencias del personal administrativo del colegio Markham

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo identificar las competencias Genéricas y Especificas del personal administrativo del Colegio Markham, de tal manera que permita potenciar el desempeño del personal administrativo y lograr los objetivos estratégicos. Para cumplir con esta investigación se tomó como referencia la Misión, Visión, Códigos y objetivos estratégicos de la institución educativa y entrevistas realizadas para obtener la opinión experta de representantes estratégicos del colegio, para orientar los comportamientos deseados a cada grupo ocupacional. Así mismo la identificación de las competencias dio paso a la creación de un modelo de Evaluación de Competencias, cuya aplicación nos permitió identificar el nivel de alineamiento del personal administrativo frente a las competencias deseadas por el Colegio Markham. Finalmente, la presente investigación podría servir para dar un paso hacia la implementación de un modelo de Gestión por Competencias.The objective of this research work is to identify the Generic and Specific competencies of the administrative staff of Markham College, in such a way that it allows to enhance the performance of the administrative staff and achieve the strategic objectives. To carry out this research, the Mission, Vision, Codes and strategic objectives of the educational institution and interviews were taken as reference to obtain the expert opinion of strategic representatives of the school, to guide the desired behaviors for each occupational group. Likewise, the identification of the competencies gave way to the creation of a Competency Evaluation model, whose application allowed us to identify the level of alignment of the administrative staff with the competencies desired by Markham College. Finally, this research could serve to take a step towards the implementation of a management model by competencies.Trabajo de investigació

Análisis de la influencia de la tensión en el comportamiento dinámico de membranas delgadas tipo film

El estudio teórico del comportamiento dinámico de membranas delgadas ha sido ampliamente estudiado a lo largo del tiempo, existiendo dos casos extremos, el caso de no estar sujeta a cargas (caso de placa) y el caso de estar sometida a cargas (caso de membrana). Para estos dos comportamientos extremos existen soluciones analíticas reconocidas y contrastadas. En este trabajo se propone el uso de Elementos Finitos para determinar el comportamiento dinámico de una membrana sometida a distintos niveles de tensión, y cuya respuesta no corresponde puramente ni a la respuesta de placa ni a la de membrana. Se aportan resultados de la respuesta de casos teóricos para distintas geometrías y/o materiales de membranas sometidas a distintos niveles de tensión, utilizando el método de Elementos Finitos.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Geophysical Study of a Large Landslide Affecting the Urban Area of Albuñuelas (S Spain)

The urban area of Albuñuelas, a small town located to the south of Granada (S Spain), has been developed in terrain affected by a large-scale rotational landslide with very slow rate of movement. Despite this situation, the internal structure of the landslide and how it has evolved to its present state has not been analyzed in depth up to now. In this paper, we present the first study performed on this landslide to define its configuration and characteristics. For this purpose, ambient noise single-station and array measurements were carried out along several cross-sections of the landslide. The inversion of the measurements has allowed for the estimation of the soil stratigraphy at each site of measurement. These geophysical results have been constrained by data from a borehole drilled in the zone and from field observations of the local geology, allowing for the reduction in uncertainties in the results. A geological–geophysical model of the landslide has been built from these data, showing that the landslide thicknesses is greater than 50 m in its central parts and above 60 m in the upper ones. This model reveals that the evolution of the landslide was complex, with several dislodged elements (blocks) that moved in sequence (retrogression) and were partially eroded in order to explain present morphology. The future evolution of this landslide will be controlled by the composition of the materials surveyed along the foot of the valley, being the western part where there are more erodible materials according to the obtained results.This study was partially funded by the EU (FEDER), by the Secretaría de Estado de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación of the Spanish government (projects CGL2015-65602-R, CGL2016-77688-R), by the Spanish Investigation Agency (project PID2022-136678NB-I00 AEI/FEDER), by the Conselleria de Innovación, Universidades, Ciencia y Sociedad Digital de la Generalitat Valenciana (project CIAICO/2022/038), and by the Junta de Andalucía (project GGI3002IDIN)

ExoMars Raman Laser Spectrometer RLS, a tool for the potential recognition of wet target craters on Mars

In the present work, NIR, LIBS, Raman and XRD techniques have been complementarily used to carry out a comprehensive characterization of a terrestrial analogue selected from the Chesapeake Bay Impact Structure (CBIS). The obtained data clearly highlight the key role of Raman spectroscopy in the detection of minor and trace compounds, through which inferences about geological processes occurred in the CBIS can be extrapolated. Beside the use of commercial systems, further Raman analyses were performed by the Raman Laser Spectrometer (RLS) ExoMars Simulator. This instrument represents the most reliable tool to effectively predict the scientific capabilities of the ExoMars/Raman system that will be deployed on Mars in 2021. By emulating the analytical procedures and operational restrictions established by the ExoMars mission rover design, it was proved that the RLS ExoMars Simulator is able to detect the amorphization of quartz, which constitutes an analytical clue of the impact origin of craters. On the other hand, the detection of barite and siderite, compounds crystallizing under hydrothermal conditions, helps to indirectly confirm the presence of water in impact targets. Furthermore, the RLS ExoMars Simulator capability of performing smart molecular mappings was also evaluated. According to the obtained results, the algorithms developed for its operation provide a great analytical advantage over most of the automatic analysis systems employed by commercial Raman instruments, encouraging its application for many additional scientific and commercial purposes

Machine learning methods applied to combined Raman and LIBS spectra: Implications for mineral discrimination in planetary missions

Producción CientíficaThe combined analysis of geological targets by complementary spectroscopic techniques could enhance the characterization of the mineral phases found on Mars. This is indeed the case with the SuperCam instrument onboard the Perseverance rover. In this framework, the present study seeks to evaluate and compare multiple machine learning techniques for the characterization of carbonate minerals based on Raman-LIBS (Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) spectroscopic data. To do so, a Ca-Mg prediction curve was created by mixing hydromagnesite and calcite at different concentration ratios. After their characterization by Raman and LIBS spectroscopy, different multivariable machine learning (Gaussian process regression, support vector machines, ensembles of trees, and artificial neural networks) were used to predict the concentration ratio of each sample from their respective datasets. The results obtained by separately analyzing Raman and LIBS data were then compared to those obtained by combining them. By comparing their performance, this work demonstrates that mineral discrimination based on Gaussian and ensemble methods optimized the combine of Raman-LIBS dataset outperformed those ensured by Raman and LIBS data alone. This demonstrated that the fusion of data combination and machine learning is a promising approach to optimize the analysis of spectroscopic data returned from Mars.Agencia Estatal de Investigación, grant (PID2022-142490OB-C32)Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO),Grant/Award Number (RDE2018-102600-T