Eficacia y seguridad del tratamiento con lenalidomida y dexametasona en pacientes con mieloma múltiple no candidatos a trasplante en recaída

PO-019 Introducción: En la actualidad existe una amplia diversidad de tratamientos en pacientes con Mieloma Múltiple (MM) refractarios a tratamiento en primera línea y no candidatos a trasplante de progenitores hematopoyéticos. El tratamiento de estos pacientes con lenalidomida y dexametasona ha sido una de las opciones terapeúticas más utilizadas en los últimos años. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la eficacia y tolerabilidad de este tratamiento en un centro hospitalario de tercer nivel. Material Y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, observacional y retrospectivo en el que se incluyeron todos los pacientes no candidatos a TPH que iniciaron un esquema con lenalidomida entre Enero 2012 a Marzo 2019 y además recibieron al menos una línea previa de quimioterapia. Fuentes: historia clínica electrónica, registro de dispensación de pacientes ambulatorios y externos (FarmaTools) del Servicio de Farmacia. Resultados: En total 22 pacientes (50% mujeres) fueron incluidos en el estudio. La mediana de numero de líneas que recibieron previamente fue de 1(rango entre 1-2). 17 pacientes (77%) recibieron RD como 2º línea y para 5 pacientes (33%) fue la 3ª línea. Como tratamiento en 1ª línea, solo 1 paciente recibió tratamiento con QT convencional (VAD), ..

Astrophysical Origins of Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays

In the first part of this review we discuss the basic observational features at the end of the cosmic ray energy spectrum. We also present there the main characteristics of each of the experiments involved in the detection of these particles. We then briefly discuss the status of the chemical composition and the distribution of arrival directions of cosmic rays. After that, we examine the energy losses during propagation, introducing the Greisen-Zaptsepin-Kuzmin (GZK) cutoff, and discuss the level of confidence with which each experiment have detected particles beyond the GZK energy limit. In the second part of the review, we discuss astrophysical environments able to accelerate particles up to such high energies, including active galactic nuclei, large scale galactic wind termination shocks, relativistic jets and hot-spots of Fanaroff-Riley radiogalaxies, pulsars, magnetars, quasar remnants, starbursts, colliding galaxies, and gamma ray burst fireballs. In the third part of the review we provide a brief summary of scenarios which try to explain the super-GZK events with the help of new physics beyond the standard model. In the last section, we give an overview on neutrino telescopes and existing limits on the energy spectrum and discuss some of the prospects for a new (multi-particle) astronomy. Finally, we outline how extraterrestrial neutrino fluxes can be used to probe new physics beyond the electroweak scale.Comment: Higher resolution version of Fig. 7 is available at http://www.angelfire.com/id/dtorres/down3.html. Solicited review article prepared for Reports on Progress in Physics, final versio

An upper limit to the photon fraction in cosmic rays above 10^19 eV from the Pierre Auger Observatory

An upper limit of 16% (at 95% c.l.) is derived for the photon fraction in cosmic rays with energies above 10^19 eV, based on observations of the depth of shower maximum performed with the hybrid detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory. This is the first such limit on photons obtained by observing the fluorescence light profile of air showers. This upper limit confirms and improves on previous results from the Haverah Park and AGASA surface arrays. Additional data recorded with the Auger surface detectors for a subset of the event sample, support the conclusion that a photon origin of the observed events is not favoured

Properties and performance of the prototype instrument for the Pierre Auger Observatory

Copyright © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Construction of the first stage of the Pierre Auger Observatory has begun. The aim of the Observatory is to collect unprecedented information about cosmic rays above 1018 eV. The first phase of the project, the construction and operation of a prototype system, known as the engineering array, has now been completed. It has allowed all of the sub-systems that will be used in the full instrument to be tested under field conditions. In this paper, the properties and performance of these sub-systems are described and their success illustrated with descriptions of some of the events recorded thus far.Auger Collaboration, ..., J. A. Bellido, ..., R. W. Clay, ..., B. R. Dawson, ..., G. J. Thornton, ..., N. R. Wild, et al.http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/505701/description#descriptio

An upper limit to the photon fraction in cosmic rays above 10^19 eV from the Pierre Auger Observatory

31 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables. Minor changes, appendix expanded, conclusions unchanged; accepted by Astroparticle PhysicsAn upper limit of 16% (at 95% c.l.) is derived for the photon fraction in cosmic rays with energies greater than 10^19 eV, based on observations of the depth of shower maximum performed with the hybrid detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory. This is the first such limit on photons obtained by observing the fluorescence light profile of air showers. This upper limit confirms and improves on previous results from the Haverah Park and AGASA surface arrays. Additional data recorded with the Auger surface detectors for a subset of the event sample, support the conclusion that a photon origin of the observed events is not favored

Upper Limit on the Diffuse Flux of UHE tau neutrinos from the Pierre Auger Observatory.

The surface detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory is sensitive to Earth-skimming tau-neutrinos $\nu_\tau$ that interact in the Earth's crust. Tau leptons from $\nu_\tau$ charged-current interactions can emerge and decay in the atmosphere to produce a nearly horizontal shower with a significant electromagnetic component. The data collected between 1 January 2004 and 31 August 2007 is used to place an upper limit on the diffuse flux of $\nu_\tau$ at EeV energies. Assuming an $E_\nu^{-2}$ differential energy spectrum the limit set at 90 % C.L. is $E_\nu^{2} \mathrm{d}N_{\nu_\tau}/\mathrm{d}E_{\nu} < 1.3 \times 10^{-7}$ GeV cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ sr$^{-1}$ in the energy range $2\times10^{17} \mathrm{eV} < E_\nu < 2\times10^{19}$ eV.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figure

Correlation of the highest-energy cosmic rays with nearby extragalactic objects

Using data collected at the Pierre Auger Observatory during the past 3.7 years, we demonstrated a correlation between the arrival directions of cosmic rays with energy above 6 × 1019 electron volts and the positions of active galactic nuclei (AGN) lying within ∼75 megaparsecs. We rejected the hypothesis of an isotropic distribution of these cosmic rays with at least a 99% confidence level from a prescribed a priori test. The correlation we observed is compatible with the hypothesis that the highest-energy particles originate from nearby extragalactic sources whose flux has not been substantially reduced by interaction with the cosmic background radiation. AGN or objects having a similar spatial distribution are possible sources