237 research outputs found
Equilibration within a semiclassical off-shell transport approach
Equilibration times for nuclear matter configurations -- modelling
intermediate and high energy nucleus-nucleus collisions -- are evaluated within
the semiclassical off-shell transport approach developed recently. The
transport equations are solved for a finite box in coordinate space employing
periodic boundary conditions. The off-shell transport model is shown to give
proper off-shell equilibrium distributions in the limit for the
nucleon and -resonance spectral functions. We find that equilibration
times within the off-shell approach are only slightly enhanced as compared to
the on-shell limit for the momentum configurations considered.Comment: 19 pages, LaTeX, including 4 postscript figures, submitted to Nucl.
Phys.
Correlations and Equilibration in Relativistic Quantum Systems
In this article we study the time evolution of an interacting field
theoretical system, i.e. \phi^4-field theory in 2+1 space-time dimensions, on
the basis of the Kadanoff-Baym equations for a spatially homogeneous system
including the self-consistent tadpole and sunset self-energies. We find that
equilibration is achieved only by inclusion of the sunset self-energy.
Simultaneously, the time evolution of the scalar particle spectral function is
studied for various initial states. We also compare associated solutions of the
corresponding Boltzmann equation to the full Kadanoff-Baym theory. This
comparison shows that a consistent inclusion of the spectral function has a
significant impact on the equilibration rates only if the width of the spectral
function becomes larger than 1/3 of the particle mass. Furthermore, based on
these findings, the conventional transport of particles in the on-shell
quasiparticle limit is extended to particles of finite life time by means of a
dynamical spectral function A(X,\vec{p},M^2). The off-shell propagation is
implemented in the Hadron-String-Dynamics (HSD) transport code and applied to
the dynamics of nucleus-nucleus collisions.Comment: 20 pages, 7 figures to appear in "Nonequilibrium at short time scales
- Formation of correlations", edited by K. Morawetz, Springer, Berlin (2003),
p16
Low-momentum effective theory for nucleons
Starting from a precise two-nucleon potential, we use the method of unitary
transformations to construct an effective potential that involves only momenta
less than a given maximal value. We describe this method for an S-wave
potential of the Malfliet-Tjon type. It is demonstrated that the bound and
scattering state spectrum calculated within the effective theory agrees exactly
with the one based on the original potential. This might open an avenue for the
construction of effective chiral few-nucleon forces and for a systematic
treatment of relativistic effects in few-body systems.Comment: 10 pp, LaTeX file, 4 figures (uses epsf), extended version, accepted
for publiaction in Phys.Lett.
New nuclear three-body clusters \phi{NN}
Binding energies of three-body systems of the type \phi+2N are estimated. Due
to the strong attraction between \phi-meson and nucleon, suggested in different
approaches, bound states can appear in systems like \phi+np (singlet and
triplet) and \phi+pp. This indicates the principal possibility of the formation
of new nuclear clusters
New Forms of Deuteron Equations and Wave Function Representations
A recently developed helicity basis for nucleon-nucleon (NN) scattering is
applied to th e deuteron bound state. Here the total spin of the deuteron is
treated in such a helicity representation. For the bound state, two sets of two
coupled eigenvalue equations are developed, where the amplitudes depend on two
and one variable, respectively. Numerical illustrations based on the realistic
Bonn-B NN potential are given. In addition, an `operator form' of the deuteron
wave function is presented, and several momentum dependent spin densities are
derived and shown, in which the angular dependence is given analytically.Comment: 19 pages (Revtex), 9 fig
Semiclassical transport of particles with dynamical spectral functions
The conventional transport of particles in the on-shell quasiparticle limit
is extended to particles of finite life time by means of a spectral function
A(X,\vec{P},M^2) for a particle moving in an area of complex self-energy
\Sigma^{ret}_X = Re \Sigma^{ret}_X -i \Gamma_X/2. Starting from the
Kadanoff-Baym equations we derive in first order gradient expansion equations
of motion for testparticles with respect to their time evolution in \vec{X},
\vec{P} and M^2. The off-shell propagation is demonstrated for a couple of
model cases that simulate hadron-nucleus collisions. In case of nucleus-nucleus
collisions the imaginary part of the hadron self-energy \Gamma_X is determined
by the local space-time dependent collision rate dynamically. A first
application is presented for A + A reactions up to 95 A MeV, where the effects
from the off-shell propagation of nucleons are discussed with respect to high
energy proton spectra, high energy photon production as well as kaon yields in
comparison to the available data from GANIL.Comment: 34 pages, LaTeX, 11-eps figures, submitted to Nucl. Phys. A, in prin
Note on the single-shock solutions of the Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers equation
The well-known shock solutions of the Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers equation are
revisited, together with their limitations in the context of plasma
(astro)physical applications. Although available in the literature for a long
time, it seems to have been forgotten in recent papers that such shocks are
monotonic and unique, for a given plasma configuration, and cannot show
oscillatory or bell-shaped features. This uniqueness is contrasted to solitary
wave solutions of the two parent equations (Korteweg-de Vries and Burgers),
which form a family of curves parameterized by the excess velocity over the
linear phase speed.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space Scienc
Particle production in quantum transport theories
The particle production in the intermediate energy heavy ion collisions is
discussed in the framework of the nonequilibrium Green's functions formalism.
The evolution equations of the Green's functions for fermions allows for the
discussion of the off-shell fermion propagator and of the large momentum
component in the initial state. For the case of a homogeneous system numerical
calculations of the meson production rate are performed and compared with the
semiclassical production rate.Comment: 45 pages, figures included, uses FEYNMAN macro
Symbolic computation of hyperbolic tangent solutions for nonlinear differential-difference equations
A new algorithm is presented to find exact traveling wave solutions of
differential-difference equations in terms of tanh functions. For systems with
parameters, the algorithm determines the conditions on the parameters so that
the equations might admit polynomial solutions in tanh.
Examples illustrate the key steps of the algorithm. Parallels are drawn
through discussion and example to the tanh-method for partial differential
equations.
The new algorithm is implemented in Mathematica. The package
DDESpecialSolutions.m can be used to automatically compute traveling wave
solutions of nonlinear polynomial differential-difference equations. Use of the
package, implementation issues, scope, and limitations of the software are
addressed.Comment: 19 pages submitted to Computer Physics Communications. The software
can be downloaded at http://www.mines.edu/fs_home/wherema
Coherent Photoproduction of eta-mesons on Three-Nucleon Systems
A microscopic few-body description of near-threshold coherent photoproduction
of the eta-meson on tritium and He3 targets is given. The photoproduction
cross-section is calculated using the Finite Rank Approximation (FRA) of the
nuclear Hamiltonian. The results indicate a strong final state interaction of
the eta-meson with the residual nucleus. Sensitivity of the results to the
choice of the eta-N T-matrix is investigated. The importance of obeying the
two-body unitarity condition in the eta-N system is demonstrated.Comment: 17 pages, RevTeX, 5 eps-figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
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