27 research outputs found
Integrating isotopes and documentary evidence : dietary patterns in a late medieval and early modern mining community, Sweden
We would like to thank the Archaeological Research Laboratory, Stockholm University, Sweden and the Tandem Laboratory (Ă
ngström Laboratory), Uppsala University, Sweden, for undertaking the analyses of stable nitrogen and carbon isotopes in both human and animal collagen samples. Also, thanks to Elin Ahlin Sundman for providing the ÎŽ13C and ÎŽ15N values for animal references from VĂ€sterĂ„s. This research (BĂ€ckströmâs PhD employment at Lund University, Sweden) was supported by the Berit Wallenberg Foundation (BWS 2010.0176) and Jakob and Johan Söderbergâs foundation. The âSala projectâ (excavations and analyses) has been funded by Riksens Clenodium, Jernkontoret, Birgit and Gad Rausingâs Foundation, SAUâs Research Foundation, the Royal Physiographic Society of Lund, Berit Wallenbergs Foundation, Ă
ke Wibergs Foundation, Lars Hiertas Memory, Helge Ax:son Johnsonâs Foundation and The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Water quality and planktonic microbial assemblages of isolated wetlands in an agricultural landscape
Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2011. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Springer for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Wetlands 31 (2011): 885-894, doi:10.1007/s13157-011-0203-6.Wetlands provide ecosystem services including flood protection, water quality
enhancement, food chain support, carbon sequestration, and support regional biodiversity.
Wetlands occur in human-altered landscapes, and the ongoing ability of these wetlands to
provide ecosystem services is lacking. Additionally, the apparent lack of connection of some
wetlands, termed geographically isolated, to permanent waters has resulted in little regulatory
recognition. We examined the influence of intensive agriculture on water quality and planktonic
microbial assemblages of intermittently inundated wetlands. We sampled 10 reference and 10
agriculturally altered wetlands in the Gulf Coastal Plain of Georgia. Water quality measures
included pH, alkalinity, dissolved organic carbon, nutrients (nitrate, ammonium, and phosphate),
and filterable solids (dry mass and ash-free dry mass). We measured abundance and relative size
distribution of the planktonic microbial assemblage (< 45 ÎŒm) using flow cytometry. Water
quality in agricultural wetlands was characterized by elevated nutrients, pH, and suspended
solids. Autotrophic microbial cells were largely absent from both wetland types. Heterotrophic microbial abundance was influenced by nutrients and suspended matter concentration.
Agriculture caused changes in microbial assemblages forming the base of wetland food webs.
Yet, these wetlands potentially support important ecological services in a highly altered
landscape.Funding was provided by the Joseph W.
Jones Ecological Research Center.2012-07-2
Radiocarbon dating and cultural dynamics across Mongoliaâs early pastoral transition
All necessary permits were obtained for the described study, which complied with all relevant regulations. Collaboration contract between the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human HIstory and the National University of Mongolia began on the 10th November, 2016. Export number 10/413 (7b/52) was received on the 2nd Feb, 2017 (#A0109258, MN DE 7 643). This research was supported by the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. Special thanks to Dr. Katerina Douka and the Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Laboratory for conducting 14C analysis, and to all of the original excavators and authors who published the radiocarbon dates cited in this study.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Anthropic resource exploitation and use of the territory at the onset of social complexity in the Neolithic-Chalcolithic Western Pyrenees: a multi-isotope approach
Carbon (ÎŽ13C) and nitrogen (ÎŽ15N) stable isotope analyses from bone collagen provide information about the dietary protein input, while strontium isotopes (87Sr/86Sr) from tooth enamel give us data about provenance and potential territorial mobility of past populations. To date, isotopic results on the prehistory of the Western Pyrenees are scarce. In this article, we report human and faunal values of the mentioned isotopes from the Early-Middle Neolithic site of Fuente Hoz (Anuntzeta) and the Late Neolithic/Early Chalcolithic site of Kurtzebide (Letona, Zigoitia). The main objectives of this work are to analyze the dietary and territorial mobility patterns of these populations. Furthermore, as an additional aim, we will try to discuss social ranking based on the isotope data and existing literature on this topic in the region of study. Our results show that, based on the bioavailable Sr values, both purported local and non-local humans were buried together at the sites. Additionally, they suggest similar resource consumption based on C3 terrestrial resources (i.e. ovicaprids, bovids, and suids) as the main part of the protein input. Overall, this study sheds light on how individuals from different backgrounds were still buried together and shared the same dietary lifestyle at a time in the Prehistory of Iberia when social complexities started to appear
Contrarian Behavior, Information Networks and Heterogeneous Expectations in an Asset Pricing Model
Rare primary extranodal lymphomas: diffuse large B-cell lymphomas of the genital tract
Collagen proteins exchange oxygen with demineralisation and gelatinisation reagents and also with atmospheric moisture
Collagen proteins exchange oxygen with demineralisation and gelatinisation reagents and also with atmospheric moisture
Rationale The oxygen (O) isotope composition of collagen proteins is a potential indicator of adult residential location, useful for provenancing in ecology, archaeology and forensics. In acidic solution, proteins can exchange O from carboxylic acid moieties with reagent O. This study investigated whether this exchange occurs during demineralisation and gelatinisation preparation of bone/ivory collagen. Methods EDTA and HCl demineralisation or gelatinisation reagents were made up in waters with different ÎŽ18O values, and were used to extract collagen from four skeletal tissue samples. Aliquots of extracted collagen were exposed to two different atmospheric waters, at 120°C and ambient temperature, and subsequently dried in a vacuum oven at 40°C or by freeze drying. Sample ÎŽ18O values were measured by HTâEA pyrolysis/IRMS using a zeroâblank autosampler. Results Collagen samples exchanged O with both reagent waters and atmospheric water, which altered sample ÎŽ18O values. Exchange with reagent waters occurred in all extraction methods, but was greater at lower pH. Damage to the collagen samples during extraction increased O exchange. The nature of exchange of O with atmospheric water depended on the temperature of exposure: kinetic fractionation of O was identified at 120°C but not at ambient temperature. Exchange was difficult to quantify due to the high variability of ÎŽ18O values between experimental replicates. Conclusions Studies of ÎŽ18O values in collagen proteins should avoid extraction methods using acidic solutions
Pasture usage by ancient pastoralists in the northern Kazakh steppe informed by carbon and nitrogen isoscapes of contemporary floral biomes
Ethical challenges of working with archaeological human remains, with a focus on the UK
This chapter focuses on the ethical and practical considerations concerning archaeological human remains in the UK. It first contextualises the chapter by including a personal perspective of the authorâs experience as a bioarchaeologist over the last 35 years in the UK. It then reflects upon the development of bioarchaeology in the UK, and its value in informing us about our past, and its rise from a âcottage industryâ to a thriving area of archaeology. It then considers the guidance available for excavation, analysis, curation, and display of archaeological human remains in the UK, and makes recommendations for the future. These include having more open dialogue amongst all stakeholders, treating human remains with dignity and respect and not objectifying them, educating the public and students alike, especially in the case of destructive analyses, and debating who has the right to decide the âfateâ of human remains. It further highlights areas of concern and emphasises the responsibility of all stakeholders to ensure appropriate care for our ancestorsâ remains. Bioarchaeologists in particular have a duty to do their best for all human remains that have been, and will be, excavated and analysed in the future, and then curated, right across the world. We also have a duty to engage all stakeholders in debates, including the public and Indigenous people