Parametrização da resistência da dossel da cultura do feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) utilizando razão de Bowen (balanço de energia) associada à termometria a infravermelho.

O trabalho teve como objetivo calcular a resistência do dossel da cultura (rc) do feijoeiro parametrizada em função de característicasda planta e da atmosfera e comparar os valores de evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc), calculada utilizando-se esse rc como valores obtidos pelo método da Razão de Bowen (RB). Foi desenvolvida uma equação empírica de uma linha base não estressada, que relaciona déficit de pressão de vapor (DPV) e a diferença entre temperatura do dossel da cultura (Tc)) e do ar (Ta), quando a cultura estava evapotranspirando potencialmente, com 100% de cobertura vegetal. Essa equação foi usada para obter os valores de Tc-Ta a partir de DPV medido, que foram utilizados para o cálculo de re. Posteriormente, uma metodologia foi proposta para a correção de re em função do índice de área foliar e um fator de senescência, visando sua utilização em outras fases do ciclo fenológico da cultura. A ETc, foi então, calculada, substituindo os valores de rc na equação de Penman-Monteith (PM). O resultado relativo à obtenção da equação empírica da linha base não estressada indicou bom ajuste da equação (r2 de 0,842), e boa concordância (indice de concordância - Ic = 0,965) entre os valores obtidos pela equação e os medidos no campo. Os valores de ETc calculados com a equação de PM estão subestimados, a equação que relaciona a ETc determinada por PM com a obtida por RB se mantém praticamente paralela à reta 1:1 , com uma diferença média de -45 W.m2, provavelmente devido à contribuição de energia advectiva proveniente de áreas externas

Aplicação da técnica de espectroscopia de emissão de plasma induzido por laser (LIBS) na seleção de variedades de citros.

Entrada padronizada: VILLAS-BOAS, P. R

Enzymatic hydrolysis of raw and pre-treated Eucalyptus.

Ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass (LCB), such as agricultural and forest residues, is known as the second generation (2G) ethanol. Carbohydrate fractions in LCB (cellulose and hemicellulose) are not readily available for microbial fermentation and they need to be released by additional pre-treatment and hydrolysis operations. This process is intrinsically more difficult and costly. In this study the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of the species Eucalyptus urophylla and the hybrid E. urophylla x E. grandis, submitted or not to alkaline pre-treatment with green liquor, has been evaluated. The hydrolysis was carried out with a enzymatic cocktail containing aggressive cellulases, high level of ?-glucosidases and hemicellulase at 6% (g enzyme/g solid), pH 5.0, 50 g.L-1 solids for 72 h, 45 °C and 250 rpm. The pre-treatment promoted disruption of the cellular structure of the samples, allowing easier accessibility for the enzymes and demonstrating higher effectiveness of enzymatic hydrolysis. The maximum efficiency of hydrolysis (81.3%) was observed for pretreated E. urophylla.SOLABIAA

Hyperthermotherapy in the Rice Emasculation Process.

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Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a multicenter study

Objective: To assess Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) in a large population of childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) patients. Methods: Multicenter study including 852 cSLE patients followed in Pediatric Rheumatology centers in Sao Paulo, Brazil. SJS was defined as epidermal detachment below 10% of body surface area (BSA), overlap SJS-TEN 10-30% and TEN greater than 30% of BSA. Results: SJS and TEN were observed in 5/852 (0.6%) cSLE female patients, three patients were classified as SJS and two patients were classified as overlap SJS-TENTEN was not observed. The mean duration of SJS and overlap SJS-TEN was 15 days (range 7-22) and antibio tics induced four cases. Regarding extra-cutaneous manifestations, hepatomegaly was observed in two cSLE patients, nephritis in two and neuropsychiatric involvement and conjunctivitis were observed respectively in one patient. Hematological involvement included lymphopenia in four, leucopenia in three and thrombocytopenia in two patients. The mean SLEDAI-2K score was 14.8 (range 6-30). Laboratory analysis showed low C3, C4 and/or CH50 in two patients and the presence of anti-dsDNA autoantibody in two patients. One patient had lupus anticoagulant and another one had anticardiolipin IgG. All patients were treated with steroids and four needed additional treatment such as intravenous immunoglobulin in two patients, hydroxychloroquine and azathioprine in two and intravenous cyclophosphamide in one patient. Sepsis was observed in three cSLE patients. Two patients required intensive care and death was observed in one patient. Conclusion: Our study identified SJS and overlap SJS-TEN as rare manifestations of active cSLE associated with severe multisystemic disease, with potentially lethal outcome.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnologicoFederico FoundationNucleo de Apoio a Pesquisa "Saude da Crianca e do Adolescente" of USP (NAP-CriAd)Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Pediat Rheumatol Unit, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Pediat Rheumatol Unit, Fac Med, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Div Rheumatol, Fac Med, Sao Paulo, BrazilSao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Fac Med Botucatu, Pediat Rheumatol Div, Botucatu, SP, BrazilHosp Infantil Darcy Vargas, Pediat Rheumatol Unit, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Pediat Rheumatol Unit, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilCNPq: 303422/2015-7CNPq: 301805/2013-0CNPq: 305068/2014-8CNPq: 301479/2015CNPq: 303752/2015-7Federico FoundationNAP-CriAd-USPWeb of Scienc

Managing cryptic biodiversity: fine-scale intralacustrine speciation along a benthic gradient in Alpine whitefish ( Coregonus spp.)

Whitefish (Coregonus spp.) are an important catch for many freshwater fisheries, particularly in Switzerland. In support of this, supplemental stocking of whitefish species is carried out, despite lacking complete knowledge of the extent, distribution and origin of whitefish diversity in these lakes, potentially threatening local endemics via artificial gene flow. Here, we investigate phenotypic and genetic differentiation among coexisting whitefish species spawning along a depth gradient in a subalpine Swiss lake to better delineate intralacustrine whitefish biodiversity. We find depth-related clines in adaptive morphology and in neutral genetic markers. This individual variation is structured in three distinct clusters with spatial overlap. Individual genetic distances correlate strongly with differences in growth rate and gill-raker number, consistent with predictions of isolation-by-adaptation and ecological speciation. Genetic differentiation between species suggests reproductive isolation, despite demographic admixture on spawning grounds. Our results are consistent with clinal speciation resulting in three species coexisting in close ecological parapatry, one (C. sp. “benthic intermediate”) being previously unknown. A second unknown species spawning in close proximity, was found to be of potential allochthonous origin. This study highlights the importance of taxonomically unbiased sampling strategies to both understand evolutionary mechanisms structuring biodiversity and to better inform conservation and fisheries management