Análise Mercadológica: comparativo no uso do selo Indicação Geográfica para o cacau entre os produtores da Bahia (Sul da Bahia) e do Pará (Tomé-Açu)

  This research focuses on the Geographical Indication (GI) regulations applied to cocoa in Brazil, with a particular focus on the different production patterns in Bahia and Pará. The study performs a comparative analysis, exploring the many similarities and contrasts between producers in these regions. We sought to identify the specificities of each type of cocoa, the dynamics of the business environment where they are inserted, and the evolution of each market segment in relation to the marketing strategies implemented to improve the uniqueness of their products both nationally and internationally. The results indicate that the GI process has specific characteristics according to the maturity of the cocoa associations involved. The diversity of commercial strategies and GIs can make creating a Collective Brand (CB) for Brazilian cocoa complex, but the key is effective coordination between producers, government agencies and stakeholders, as well as in-depth market research to understand what consumers value.  Esta pesquisa se debruça sobre os regulamentos de Indicação Geográfica (IG) aplicados ao cacau no Brasil, com foco particular nos diferentes padrões de produção da Bahia e do Pará. O estudo realiza uma análise comparativa, explora semelhanças e contrastes existentes entre os produtores dessas regiões. Buscou-se identificar as especificidades de cada tipo de cacau, a dinâmica do ambiente de negócios em que estão inseridos e a evolução de cada segmento de mercado em relação às estratégias de marketing implementadas para aprimorar a singularidade de seus produtos, tanto nacional quanto internacionalmente. Os resultados indicam que o processo de IG tem características específicas de acordo com a maturidade das associações de cacau envolvidas. A diversidade de estratégias comerciais e IGs pode tornar complexa a criação de uma Marca Coletiva (MC) para o cacau brasileiro, porém a chave é a coordenação eficaz entre produtores, órgãos governamentais e partes interessadas, além de uma pesquisa de mercado aprofundada para entender o que os consumidores valorizam

Cross Species Analysis and Comparison of Tumors in Dogs and Cats, by Age, Sex, Topography and Main Morphologies. Data from Vet-OncoNet

The animal cancer burden is essential for the translational value of companion animals in comparative oncology. The present work aims to describe, analyze, and compare frequencies and associations of tumors in dogs and cats based on the Animal Cancer Registry created by Vet-OncoNet. With 9079 registries, regarding 2019 and 2020, 81% (n = 7355) belonged to dogs. In comparison, cats have a general one-year right advance in the mean age of cancer diagnosis compared to dogs. The multivariate topography group analysis shows a distinct pattern between the two species: dogs have higher odds of cancer in the genito-urinary system, spleen, soft tissue tumors and skin, while cats show higher odds for tumors in the eyes, digestive organs, nasal cavity, lymph nodes, bones and mammary glands. Regarding morphologies, dogs are overrepresented in mast cell tumors (MCT), melanomas, and hemangiosarcomas. While cats are overrepresented in fibrosarcomas, lymphomas (T and B-cell), in malignant mammary tumors, and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Females have greater odds only in the mammary gland, with males having greater odds in six of twelve topographies. This study is the first outcome of continuous animal cancer registration studies in Portugal

Inclusão digital para uma menor exclusão social a partir do projeto de extensão HD – herança digital

O Projeto HD?Herança Digital é um projeto de extensão vinculado a Pró?Reitoria de Extensão da Universidade Federal de São Paulo ? UNIFESP ? idealizado pelos alunos de graduação do curso de Tecnologias em Saúde campus São Paulo (Tecnologia Oftálmica, Radiológica e Informática em Saúde). Surgiu da iniciativa dos graduandos, os quais almejavam retribuir e partilhar com a sociedade o que o ambiente público universitário os proporcionava. Após a ideia concretizada, os alunos buscaram o apoio da Pró?Reitoria de Extensão para a efetivação do projeto. Atualmente, o HD ocorre na Unidade Avançada de Extensão de Santo Amaro, região que abriga uma ampla área de comércio popular e uma das populações mais vulneráveis economicamente dos domínios do distrito de Santo Amaro. O projeto HD assim como qualquer projeto de Extensão, faz parte de um processo transdisciplinar, educativo, culltural, científico e político que visa promover a integração e a transformação da sociedade por meio da interação com a mesma, o que nos remete ao FORPROEX 1987. Através deste instrumento, a universidade tem a oportunidade de levar até a comunidade o saber do qual é detentora, socializando e democratizando o conhecimento. Assim, a informação não se traduz no privilégio apenas da minoria que é aprovada no vestibular, mas difundida pela comunidade, consoante com os próprios interesses desta (1). O acesso à tecnologia da informação aprimora e recria os processos de educação e comunicação da sociedade em que vivemos. Além da comunicação, a otimização do tempo e espaço no cotidiano, tanto no trabalho como na sua residência, são melhorados através de novas ferramentas de acessibilidade que o indivíduo adquire. Inclusão, do latim inclusione, significa ato ou efeito de incluir, segundo o dicionário Aurélio. O projeto tem como um dos objetivos a inclusão social e digital de todos. Neste momento, vale ressaltar que o projeto busca a inclusão e não a inserção, uma vez que para alguém ser inserido é necessário que haja uma seleção enquanto para ser incluído há a necessidade do sujeito querer ser incluso e da verificação dasoportunidades vigentes no momento. A universidade deve obrigatoriamente estimular o conhecimento dos problemas do mundo presente, em particular os nacionais e regionais, prestar serviços especializados à comunidade e estabelecer com esta uma relação de reciprocidade (2). Com isso, a extensão Universitária na UNIFESP tem uma grande ênfase em trabalhos que fomentam a aprendizagem por meio da participação ativa dos educandos, propiciam vivências de situação?problema e possibilitam reflexões sobre elas. Dessa forma deve?se pensar em meios para que a universidade atinja esses objetivos na difusão da sua essência maior, que é o conhecimento para todos independente da variedade regional, social ou etária. A participação social é fundamentada em uma problemática pedagógica que engloba as preocupações e interesses do público a extinguir sua exclusão digital. Estes pontos em questão são reflexos de: um não preenchimento dos pré?requisitos do mercado de trabalho, frustração pessoal e inserção no mundo moderno. Carl Rogers relata que “por aprendizagem significativa entendo uma aprendizagem que é mais do que uma acumulação de fatos. É uma aprendizagem que provoca uma modificação, quer seja no comportamento do indivíduo, na orientação da ação futura que escolhe, nas suas atitudes e ou na sua personalidade” (3). No intuito de atingir um objetivo, a necessidade de abrir caminho por um processo pedagógico, específico, pode?se acreditar que as ferramentas da pedagogia são trilhos para a educação, como teoria e prática, respectivamente, com um desfecho do ser humano a ser educado (4). A extensão, como forma da minimização da disparidade do mercado, tem as tecnologias como agente educador. Estas aplicadas com maestria a partir de um estudo regional e embasadas em um plano pedagógico, reafirma a aplicabilidade da transferência do conhecimento entre professor e aluno. Velocidade,  precisão, controle, diversidade, facilidade são apenas alguns dos fatores que a tecnologia influencia na área de comunicação. O governo se beneficia com a rede para ficar cada vez mais próximo do cidadão. <br /

MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Mammals in Portugal: a data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in Portugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with ~26% of all species being included in the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associated with habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mammals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion for marine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems functionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is crucial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublished georeferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mammals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira that includes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occurring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live observations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%), bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent less than 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrows | soil mounds | tunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animal | hair | skulls | jaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8), observation in shelters, (9) photo trapping | video, (10) predators diet | pellets | pine cones/nuts, (11) scat | track | ditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalization | echolocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and 100 m (76%). Rodentia (n =31,573) has the highest number of records followed by Chiroptera (n = 18,857), Carnivora (n = 18,594), Lagomorpha (n = 17,496), Cetartiodactyla (n = 11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n = 7008). The data set includes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened (e.g., Oryctolagus cuniculus [n = 12,159], Monachus monachus [n = 1,512], and Lynx pardinus [n = 197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate the publication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contribute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting on the development of more accurate and tailored conservation management strategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications