65 research outputs found
Preeclampsia is associated with compromized maternal synthesis of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids leading to offspring deficiency
Obesity and excessive lipolysis are implicated in preeclampsia (PE). Intrauterine growth restriction is associated with low maternal body mass index and decreased lipolysis. Our aim was to assess how maternal and offspring fatty acid metabolism is altered in mothers in the third trimester of pregnancy with PE (n=62) or intrauterine growth restriction (n=23) compared with healthy pregnancies (n=164). Markers of lipid metabolism and erythrocyte fatty acid concentrations were measured. Maternal adipose tissue fatty acid composition and mRNA expression of adipose tissue fatty acidâmetabolizing enzymes and placental fatty acid transporters were compared. Mothers with PE had higher plasma triglyceride (21%, P<0.001) and nonesterified fatty acid (50%, P<0.001) concentrations than controls. Concentrations of major nâ6 and nâ3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in erythrocytes were 23% to 60% lower (all P<0.005) in PE and intrauterine growth restriction mothers and offspring compared with controls. Subcutaneous adipose tissue Îâ5 and Îâ6 desaturase and very long-chain fatty acid elongase mRNA expression was lower in PE than controls (respectively, mean [SD] control 3.38 [2.96] versus PE 1.83 [1.91], P=0.030; 3.33 [2.25] versus 1.03 [0.96], P<0.001; 0.40 [0.81] versus 0.00 [0.00], P=0.038 expression relative to control gene [square root]). Low maternal and fetal long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations in PE may be the result of decreased maternal synthesis
On classification of intrinsic localized modes for the Discrete Nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger Equation
We consider localized modes (discrete breathers) of the discrete nonlinear
Schr\"{o}dinger equation
,
, . We study the diversity of the steady-state
solutions of the form and the intervals of the
frequency, , of their existence. The base for the analysis is provided
by the anticontinuous limit ( negative and large enough) where all the
solutions can be coded by the sequences of three symbols "-", "0" and "+".
Using dynamical systems approach we show that this coding is valid for
and the point is a point of
accumulation of saddle-node bifurcations. Also we study other bifurcations of
intrinsic localized modes which take place for and give the
complete table of them for the solutions with codes consisting of less than
four symbols.Comment: 33 pages, 14 figures. To appear in Physica
Long-range forecasts of UK winter hydrology
Seasonal river flow forecasts are beneficial for planning agricultural activities, river navigation, and for management of reservoirs for public water supply and hydropower generation. In the United Kingdom (UK), skilful seasonal river flow predictions have previously been limited to catchments in lowland (southern and eastern) regions. Here we show that skilful long-range forecasts of winter flows can now be achieved across the whole of the UK. This is due to a remarkable geographical complementarity between the regional geological and meteorological sources of predictability for river flows. Forecast skill derives from the hydrogeological memory of antecedent conditions in southern and eastern parts of the UK and from meteorological predictability in northern and western areas. Specifically, it is the predictions of the atmospheric circulation over the North Atlantic that provides the skill at the seasonal timescale. In addition, significant levels of skill in predicting the frequency of winter high flow events is demonstrated, which has the potential to allow flood adaptation measures to be put in place
High Precision Mass Measurements in and Families Revisited
High precision mass measurements in and families performed
in 1980-1984 at the VEPP-4 collider with OLYA and MD-1 detectors are revisited.
The corrections for the new value of the electron mass are presented. The
effect of the updated radiative corrections has been calculated for the
and mass measurements.Comment: 5 pages, 1 table, submitted to Phys. Lett.
Resonance- and Chaos-Assisted Tunneling
We consider dynamical tunneling between two symmetry-related regular islands
that are separated in phase space by a chaotic sea. Such tunneling processes
are dominantly governed by nonlinear resonances, which induce a coupling
mechanism between ``regular'' quantum states within and ``chaotic'' states
outside the islands. By means of a random matrix ansatz for the chaotic part of
the Hamiltonian, one can show that the corresponding coupling matrix element
directly determines the level splitting between the symmetric and the
antisymmetric eigenstates of the pair of islands. We show in detail how this
matrix element can be expressed in terms of elementary classical quantities
that are associated with the resonance. The validity of this theory is
demonstrated with the kicked Harper model.Comment: 25 pages, 5 figure
New precision measurement of the - and -meson masses
A new high precision measurement of the - and -meson masses
has been performed at the VEPP-4M collider using the KEDR detector. The
resonant depolarization method has been employed for the absolute calibration
of the beam energy. The following mass values have been obtained:
MeV,
MeV.
The relative measurement accuracy has reached for and
for , approximately 3 times better than in the previous
precise experiments.Comment: 12 pages, 4 tables, 10 figure
Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.
BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362
Transatlantic distribution of the Alaskan White River Ash
Volcanic ash layers preserved within the geologic record represent precise time markers that correlate disparate depositional environments and enable the investigation of synchronous and/or asynchronous behaviors in Earth system and archaeological sciences. However, it is generally assumed that only exceptionally powerful events, such as supereruptions (~450 km3 of ejecta as dense-rock equivalent; recurrence interval of ~105 yr), distribute ash broadly enough to have an impact on human society, or allow us to address geologic, climatic, and cultural questions on an intercontinental scale. Here we use geochemical, age, and morphological evidence to show that the Alaskan White River Ash (eastern lobe; A.D. 833â850) correlates to the âAD860Bâ ash (A.D. 846â848) found in Greenland and northern Europe. These occurrences represent the distribution of an ash over 7000 km, linking marine, terrestrial, and ice-core records. Our results indicate that tephra from more moderate-size eruptions, with recurrence intervals of ~100 yr, can have substantially greater distributions than previously thought, with direct implications for volcanic dispersal studies, correlation of widely distributed proxy records, and volcanic hazard assessment
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