Caracterização de consumo e dependência de tabaco entre trabalhadores de uma instituição de nível superior

Estudio cuantitativo de corte transversal que tuvo como objetivo caracterizar el perfil de consumo y dependencia al tabaco entre el personal no docente de una universidad pública, realizado entre febrero y agosto de 2008. Se utilizó un cuestionario auto-administrado que incluye datos socio-demográficos, datos sobre el tabaquismo y el Cuestionario de Fagerström. La muestra comprendió a 149 empleados. Los resultados indican la prevalencia de tabaquismo en el 12.1% de los encuestados, con el 88.8% de los fumadores que anhelan dejar de fumar, pero muy pocos consiguen sin el apoyo adecuado, lo que demuestra la necesidad de ofrecer apoyo formal al éxito de este anhelo entre estos trabajadores, así como la necesidad de incluir acciones educativas de prevención en este ámbito.Cross-sectional quantitative study to characterize the profile of tobacco consumption and dependence among non-teaching staff at a public university, conducted between February and August 2008. A self-administered questionnaire was used, comprising socio-demographic data, data on smoking and the Fagerström Questionnaire. The sample consisted of 149 employees. The results indicate the prevalence of smoking in 12.1% of respondents; 88.8% of smokers wish to quit smoking, but few of them are able to without appropriate support, which demonstrates the need to offer formal support for these workers to successfully achieve quitting. Also, educative prevention actions in this area need to be set up.Trata-se de estudo quantitativo de corte transversal, cujo objetivo foi caracterizar o perfil de consumo e dependência de tabaco entre funcionários não docentes de uma universidade pública, realizado no período de fevereiro a agosto de 2008. Utilizou-se questionário autoaplicável, composto por dados sociodemográficos, dados sobre tabagismo e questionário de Fagerström. A amostra foi constituída por 149 funcionários. Os resultados indicam prevalência do consumo de tabaco de 12,1% dos entrevistados, sendo que 88,8% dos fumantes anseiam por parar de fumar, mas poucos conseguem sem ajuda adequada, o que demonstra a necessidade de oferecer apoio formal para o sucesso desse anseio a esses trabalhadores, assim como a inserção de ações educativas de prevenção nessa temática

Global disparities in surgeons’ workloads, academic engagement and rest periods: the on-calL shIft fOr geNEral SurgeonS (LIONESS) study

: The workload of general surgeons is multifaceted, encompassing not only surgical procedures but also a myriad of other responsibilities. From April to May 2023, we conducted a CHERRIES-compliant internet-based survey analyzing clinical practice, academic engagement, and post-on-call rest. The questionnaire featured six sections with 35 questions. Statistical analysis used Chi-square tests, ANOVA, and logistic regression (SPSS® v. 28). The survey received a total of 1.046 responses (65.4%). Over 78.0% of responders came from Europe, 65.1% came from a general surgery unit; 92.8% of European and 87.5% of North American respondents were involved in research, compared to 71.7% in Africa. Europe led in publishing research studies (6.6 ± 8.6 yearly). Teaching involvement was high in North America (100%) and Africa (91.7%). Surgeons reported an average of 6.7 ± 4.9 on-call shifts per month, with European and North American surgeons experiencing 6.5 ± 4.9 and 7.8 ± 4.1 on-calls monthly, respectively. African surgeons had the highest on-call frequency (8.7 ± 6.1). Post-on-call, only 35.1% of respondents received a day off. Europeans were most likely (40%) to have a day off, while African surgeons were least likely (6.7%). On the adjusted multivariable analysis HDI (Human Development Index) (aOR 1.993) hospital capacity > 400 beds (aOR 2.423), working in a specialty surgery unit (aOR 2.087), and making the on-call in-house (aOR 5.446), significantly predicted the likelihood of having a day off after an on-call shift. Our study revealed critical insights into the disparities in workload, access to research, and professional opportunities for surgeons across different continents, underscored by the HDI

Note tassonomiche ed ecologiche su Micromaldane Ornithochaeta (Polichaeta, Maldanidae), rinvenuta lungo le coste italiane meridionali

EnA massive presence of the species Micromaldane ornithochaeta Mesnil, 1897 is reported along the South Italian coast (Mediterranean Sea) associated to the sponge Geodia cydonium (Jameson). Up to now the species was considered rare along the Italian coast. A re-description of the species was reported together with a discussion on its ecological characteristics

Ultra-estructura de los espermatozoides de Odontosylis ctenostoma (Polychaeta: Syllidae) y su aplicación a la filogenia y biología reproductiva de los Sílidos

The analysis of the complex reproductive patterns of Syllidae may drastically change the taxonomic hierarchy of the family. To further contribute to the knowledge of Syllidae we have described the sperm ultra-structure and some steps of spermiogenesis of Odontosyllis ctenostoma Claparède, 1868, the first non interstitial eusylline investigated. The mature sperm has a bell-shaped acrosome and contains electron-dense granular material and thin filaments. The barrel-shaped nucleus bears two depressions: one anterior facing the acrosome and the other posterior partially containing the distal centriole and up to six mitochondria. Odontosyllis ctenostoma spermatozoa can be ascribed to the ect-aquasperm type typical of species practising external fertilisation. This morphology is not in complete accordance either with the particular brood protection reported for the species or the egg size. The sperm is similar to those of the Syllinae species thus far investigated, but the acrosome resembles that of the exogonine spermatid. Some authors consider Odontosyllis to be phylogenetically closer to Syllinae, though it shares epigamy with Exogoninae. Others have hypothesised that the exogonine sperm could have been derived from sylline sperm by simplification. In our hypothesis this could have happened through a gradual passage from an Odontosyllis-like eusylline ancestor.La jerarquía taxonómica actualmente aceptada de la familia Syllidae podría cambiar drásticamente después de un profundo análisis de las modalidades reproductivas; especialmente para la subfamilia Eusyllinae que es considerada parafilética. Con el objetivo de dar una mayor contribución al conocimiento de la biología de la familia Syllidae, en este trabajo se ha estudiado la ultraestructura del espermatozoide y algunas fases de la espermatogénesis de Odontosyllis ctenostoma Claparède, 1868. El espermatozoide maduro presenta un acrosoma en forma de campana, cuya parte basal contiene material electrón denso donde se originan filamentos. El núcleo es en forma de barril con dos depresiones: una en la base del acrosoma y otra posterior que contiene seis mitocondrias que circundan los centriolos. El espermatozoide de O. ctenostoma puede ser adscrito al tipo “ect-aquasperma” que es típico en aquellas especies que tienen una fecundación externa. Esta morfología no concuerda con su biología reproductiva y con el tamaño de los huevos. El espermatozoide es muy similar a los de especies de la subfamilia Syllinae estudiadas hasta el momento, si bien el acrosoma es más similar al acrosoma del espermatidio de Exogoninae. Según algunos autores Odontosyllis es filogenéticamente similar a la subfamilia Syllinae si bien comparte la epigamia con la subfamilia Exogoninae. En otros trabajos se ha formulado la hipótesis que el espermatozoide maduro de algunas especies de Exogoninae podría derivar para simplificación del espermatozoide de Syllinae. Se formula la hipótesis que un ancestro similar a Odontosyllis para un trayecto gradual podría ser la conexión de uno con otro

External gestation of Exogone naidina Oersted, 1845 (Polychaeta, Syllidae): ventral attachment of eggs and embryos

The external gestation of sexually ripe females of the species Exogone naidina (Polychaeta, Syllidae) is described by means of SEM and TEM analysis. The eggs, embryos and juveniles are attached in close vicinity of each parapodial complex in a position immediately below each ventral cirrus and are connected to the female by a cup like structure. The formation of this adhesive disk is linked to secretory cells scattered between dermal cells of ripe female. This adhesive disk is present only in sexually mature animals and is considered as epitokous structure. The evolutive significance of ventral and dorsal attachment found within the Exogoninae is also discussed