1,307 research outputs found
The Andean Cosmovision and its relation to the Learning of the Students of the Faculty of Education Initial Level of the Universidad Tecnológica de Los Andes, Andahuaylas Sub Headquarters
This article is an extract of the results of a research on the Andean Cosmovision and its relationship with the learning of students of the Faculty of Education Initial Level of the Universidad Tecnológica de Los Andes Sub Sede Andahuaylas, whose research was to make known the existence of the Andean Cosmovision, as transmission, conservation and preservation of learning and forms of resistance to the current situations in which they live. Likewise, it was oriented to demonstrate the relationship and dependence of the Andean cosmovision variables, whose components are (Hanaq Pacha, Uku Pacha and Kay Pacha), with the preservation of the student’s learning. It is important to highlight that the type of research was descriptive and correlational; the design used was non-experimental, applying the instruments to 108 students of the Faculty of Education of the Initial Level of the UTEA. Finally, it demonstrated that the greater the transmission of the wisdom of the Andean communities, the greater the conservation, preservation and conservation of learning.
On the other hand, the study analyzes the relationship of variables (correlational) and how to establish relationships between some variables in a certain place or time. In order to reiterate that learning in Andean communities is rooted in a reciprocal correlational sphere, where the balance of nature, man, woman, and deities do not fit in a traditional form of education; but, on the contrary, with the research work a contribution is made to a new ethno-educational approach from the wisdom of Andean thought. Therefore, it is necessary to disseminate and strengthen the Andean Pachasofia as a contribution to intercultural education in Peru, which is not only a matter of language as a mother tongue, but its very life transcends and becomes eschatological to resize life from the different areas that society itself imposes as a norm, without taking into account that beyond the mental structures of the common person, there are new contributions with new ways of learning. It is worth saying that the contribution found in the research work gives for much more, even showing a new school from the transmission of wisdom and its conservation, no longer to talk about the most known IEP (Institutional Educational Project); but it would be talking about a CEP (Community Educational Project) and the ITE (Indigenous Territorial Entities) up to the indigenous territorial reordering
Optimal interdependence between networks for the evolution of cooperation
Recent research has identified interactions between networks as crucial for the outcome of evolutionary
games taking place on them. While the consensus is that interdependence does promote cooperation by
means of organizational complexity and enhanced reciprocity that is out of reach on isolated networks, we
here address the question just how much interdependence there should be. Intuitively, one might assume
the more the better. However, we show that in fact only an intermediate density of sufficiently strong
interactions between networks warrants an optimal resolution of social dilemmas. This is due to an intricate
interplay between the heterogeneity that causes an asymmetric strategy flow because of the additional links
between the networks, and the independent formation of cooperative patterns on each individual network.
Presented results are robust to variations of the strategy updating rule, the topology of interdependent
networks, and the governing social dilemma, thus suggesting a high degree of universality
Mental health problems and resilience in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic in a post-armed conflict area in Colombia.
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health of adolescents are emerging and require particular attention in settings where challenges like armed conflict, poverty and internal displacement have previously affected their mental wellbeing. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety symptoms, depressive symptomatology, probable post-traumatic stress disorder and resilience in school-attending adolescents in a post-conflict area of Tolima, Colombia during the COVID-19. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 657 adolescents from 12 to 18 years old, recruited by convenience sampling in 8 public schools in the south of Tolima, Colombia, who completed a self-administered questionnaire. Mental health information was obtained through screening scales for anxiety symptoms (GAD-7), depressive symptomatology (PHQ-8), probable post-traumatic stress disorder (PCL-5) and resilience (CD-RISC-25). The prevalence observed for moderate to severe anxiety symptoms was 18.9% (95% CI 16.0-22.1) and for moderate to severe depressive symptomatology was 30.0% (95% CI 26.5-33.7). A prevalence of probable post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) of 22.3% (95% CI 18.1-27.2) was found. The CD-RISC-25 results for resilience had a median score of 54 [IQR 30]. These results suggest that approximately two-thirds of school-attending adolescents in this post-conflict area experienced at least one mental health problem such as anxiety symptoms, depressive symptomatology or probable PTSD during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future studies are of interest to establish the causal relationship between these findings and the impact of the pandemic. These findings highlight the challenge that schools have after pandemic to address the mental health of their students in order to promoting adequate coping strategies and implement prompt multidisciplinary interventions to reduce the burden of mental health problems in adolescents
Theoretical Aspects of Dark Matter Detection
Direct and indirect dark matter detection relies on the scattering of the dark matter candidate on nucleons or nuclei. Here, attention is focused on dark matter candidates (neutralinos) predicted in the minimal supersymmetric standard model and its constrained version with universal input soft supersymmetry-breaking masses. Current expectations for elastic scattering cross sections for neutralinos on protons are discussed with particular attention to satisfying all current accelerator constraints as well as insuring a sufficient cosmological relic density to account for the dark matter in the Universe
Characterization of hunter-gatherer networks and implications for cumulative culture
Social networks in modern societies are highly structured, usually involving frequent contact with a small number of unrelated friends' 1. However, contact network structures in traditional small-scale societies, especially hunter-gatherers, are poorly characterized. We developed a portable wireless sensing technology (motes) to study within-camp proximity networks among Agta and BaYaka hunter-gatherers in fine detail. We show that hunter-gatherer social networks exhibit signs of increased efficiency 2 for potential information exchange. Increased network efficiency is achieved through investment in a few strong links among non-kin friends' connecting unrelated families. We show that interactions with non-kin appear in childhood, creating opportunities for collaboration and cultural exchange beyond family at early ages. We also show that strong friendships are more important than family ties in predicting levels of shared knowledge among individuals. We hypothesize that efficient transmission of cumulative culture 3-6 may have shaped human social networks and contributed to our tendency to extend networks beyond kin and form strong non-kin ties
Mesoscopic structure conditions the emergence of cooperation on social networks
We study the evolutionary Prisoner's Dilemma on two social networks obtained
from actual relational data. We find very different cooperation levels on each
of them that can not be easily understood in terms of global statistical
properties of both networks. We claim that the result can be understood at the
mesoscopic scale, by studying the community structure of the networks. We
explain the dependence of the cooperation level on the temptation parameter in
terms of the internal structure of the communities and their interconnections.
We then test our results on community-structured, specifically designed
artificial networks, finding perfect agreement with the observations in the
real networks. Our results support the conclusion that studies of evolutionary
games on model networks and their interpretation in terms of global properties
may not be sufficient to study specific, real social systems. In addition, the
community perspective may be helpful to interpret the origin and behavior of
existing networks as well as to design structures that show resilient
cooperative behavior.Comment: Largely improved version, includes an artificial network model that
fully confirms the explanation of the results in terms of inter- and
intra-community structur
Evolutionary and phenotypic characterization of two spike mutations in European lineage 20E of SARS-CoV-2.
We have detected two mutations in the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at amino acid positions 1163 and 1167 that appeared independently in multiple transmission clusters and different genetic backgrounds. Furthermore, both mutations appeared together in a cluster of 1,627 sequences belonging to clade 20E. This cluster is characterized by 12 additional single nucleotide polymorphisms but no deletions. The available structural information on the S protein in the pre- and postfusion conformations predicts that both mutations confer rigidity, which could potentially decrease viral fitness. Accordingly, we observed reduced infectivity of this spike genotype relative to the ancestral 20E sequence in vitro, and the levels of viral RNA in nasopharyngeal swabs were not significantly higher. Furthermore, the mutations did not impact thermal stability or antibody neutrali- zation by sera from vaccinated individuals but moderately reduce neutralization by convalescent-phase sera from the early stages of the pandemic. Despite multi- ple successful appearances of the two spike mutations during the first year of SARS-CoV-2 evolution, the genotype with both mutations was displaced upon the expansion of the 20I (Alpha) variant. The midterm fate of the genotype investi- gated was consistent with the lack of advantage observed in the clinical and ex- perimental data
Resolution of the stochastic strategy spatial prisoner's dilemma by means of particle swarm optimization
We study the evolution of cooperation among selfish individuals in the
stochastic strategy spatial prisoner's dilemma game. We equip players with the
particle swarm optimization technique, and find that it may lead to highly
cooperative states even if the temptations to defect are strong. The concept of
particle swarm optimization was originally introduced within a simple model of
social dynamics that can describe the formation of a swarm, i.e., analogous to
a swarm of bees searching for a food source. Essentially, particle swarm
optimization foresees changes in the velocity profile of each player, such that
the best locations are targeted and eventually occupied. In our case, each
player keeps track of the highest payoff attained within a local topological
neighborhood and its individual highest payoff. Thus, players make use of their
own memory that keeps score of the most profitable strategy in previous
actions, as well as use of the knowledge gained by the swarm as a whole, to
find the best available strategy for themselves and the society. Following
extensive simulations of this setup, we find a significant increase in the
level of cooperation for a wide range of parameters, and also a full resolution
of the prisoner's dilemma. We also demonstrate extreme efficiency of the
optimization algorithm when dealing with environments that strongly favor the
proliferation of defection, which in turn suggests that swarming could be an
important phenomenon by means of which cooperation can be sustained even under
highly unfavorable conditions. We thus present an alternative way of
understanding the evolution of cooperative behavior and its ubiquitous presence
in nature, and we hope that this study will be inspirational for future efforts
aimed in this direction.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures; accepted for publication in PLoS ON
Different reactions to adverse neighborhoods in games of cooperation
In social dilemmas, cooperation among randomly interacting individuals is
often difficult to achieve. The situation changes if interactions take place in
a network where the network structure jointly evolves with the behavioral
strategies of the interacting individuals. In particular, cooperation can be
stabilized if individuals tend to cut interaction links when facing adverse
neighborhoods. Here we consider two different types of reaction to adverse
neighborhoods, and all possible mixtures between these reactions. When faced
with a gloomy outlook, players can either choose to cut and rewire some of
their links to other individuals, or they can migrate to another location and
establish new links in the new local neighborhood. We find that in general
local rewiring is more favorable for the evolution of cooperation than
emigration from adverse neighborhoods. Rewiring helps to maintain the diversity
in the degree distribution of players and favors the spontaneous emergence of
cooperative clusters. Both properties are known to favor the evolution of
cooperation on networks. Interestingly, a mixture of migration and rewiring is
even more favorable for the evolution of cooperation than rewiring on its own.
While most models only consider a single type of reaction to adverse
neighborhoods, the coexistence of several such reactions may actually be an
optimal setting for the evolution of cooperation.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures; accepted for publication in PLoS ON
Incidence of the collection of municipal taxes in the financing of the institutional budget: an application for the case of the provincial municipality of Puno-Peru, 2009-2020
El objetivo fue analizar la incidencia de los impuestos municipales en el financiamiento del presupuesto institucional de la municipalidad provincial de puno, en el periodo 2009-2020. Se utilizó la metodología cuantitativa, de tipo correlacional, donde se aplicó el modelo econométrico de máxima verosimilitud Log-Lin. Se pudo determinar que las recaudaciones de los impuestos municipales no son altamente significativas en el financiamiento del presupuesto institucional, ya que esta es explicado solo en un 42.11% por las recaudaciones de los impuestos municipales; sin embargo, el impuesto predial si fue significativo con un 54.15% de significancia en el financiamiento del presupuesto institucional.The objective was to analyze the incidence of municipal taxes in the financing of the institutional budget of the provincial municipality of Puno, in the period 2009-2020. The correlational quantitative methodology was used, where the maximum likelihood Log-Lin econometric model was applied. It was determined that municipal tax collections are not highly significant in financing the institutional budget, since this is explained only 42.11% by municipal tax collections; However, the property tax was significant with a 54.15% significance in financing the institutional budget
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