247 research outputs found
New national and regional Annex I Habitat records: from #26 to #36
New Italian data on the distribution of the Annex I Habitats 1510*, 2130*, 2250*, 3180*, 3260, 5230*, 6410, 7140, 7220*, 9320 are reported in this contribution. Specifically, 14 new occurrences in Natura 2000 sites are presented and 20 new cells are added in the EEA 10 km × 10 km reference grid. The new data refer to the Italian administrative regions of Abruzzo, Apulia, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Liguria, Marche, Molise, Sardinia, Sicily, Tuscany and Umbria
From Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin to mammalian endogenous guanylin hormones
Development of a 3D workspace Shoulder Assessment Tool Incorporating Electromyography and an Inertial Measurement Unit - A preliminary study
Traditional shoulder Range of Movement (ROM) measurement tools suffer from inaccuracy or from long experimental set-up times. Recently, it has been demonstrated that relatively low-cost wearable inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors can overcome many of the limitations of traditional motion tracking systems.
The aim of this study is to develop and evaluate a single IMU combined with an Electromyography (EMG) sensor to monitor the 3D reachable workspace with simultaneous measurement of deltoid muscle activity across the shoulder ROM. Six volunteer subjects with healthy shoulders and one participant with a ‘frozen’ shoulder were recruited to the study. Arm movement in 3D space was plotted in spherical coordinates while the relative EMG intensity of any arm position is presented graphically.
The results showed that there was an average ROM surface area of 27291±538 deg2 among all six healthy individuals and a ROM surface area of 13571±308 deg2 for the subject with frozen shoulder. All three sections of the deltoid show greater EMG activity at higher elevation angles.
Using such tools enables individuals, surgeons and physiotherapists to measure the maximum envelope of motion in conjunction with muscle activity in order to provide an objective assessment of shoulder performance in the voluntary 3D workspace
Properties of Graphene: A Theoretical Perspective
In this review, we provide an in-depth description of the physics of
monolayer and bilayer graphene from a theorist's perspective. We discuss the
physical properties of graphene in an external magnetic field, reflecting the
chiral nature of the quasiparticles near the Dirac point with a Landau level at
zero energy. We address the unique integer quantum Hall effects, the role of
electron correlations, and the recent observation of the fractional quantum
Hall effect in the monolayer graphene. The quantum Hall effect in bilayer
graphene is fundamentally different from that of a monolayer, reflecting the
unique band structure of this system. The theory of transport in the absence of
an external magnetic field is discussed in detail, along with the role of
disorder studied in various theoretical models. We highlight the differences
and similarities between monolayer and bilayer graphene, and focus on
thermodynamic properties such as the compressibility, the plasmon spectra, the
weak localization correction, quantum Hall effect, and optical properties.
Confinement of electrons in graphene is nontrivial due to Klein tunneling. We
review various theoretical and experimental studies of quantum confined
structures made from graphene. The band structure of graphene nanoribbons and
the role of the sublattice symmetry, edge geometry and the size of the
nanoribbon on the electronic and magnetic properties are very active areas of
research, and a detailed review of these topics is presented. Also, the effects
of substrate interactions, adsorbed atoms, lattice defects and doping on the
band structure of finite-sized graphene systems are discussed. We also include
a brief description of graphane -- gapped material obtained from graphene by
attaching hydrogen atoms to each carbon atom in the lattice.Comment: 189 pages. submitted in Advances in Physic
A wide-field photometric study of the globular cluster system of NGC 4636
We investigate the unusually rich cluster system of NGC4636 with wide-field
Washington photometry. The globular cluster luminosity function can be followed
roughly 1 mag beyond the turn-over magnitude. This corresponds to a distance
modulus of m-M=31.24+-0.17, 0.4 mag larger than the distance determined from
surface brightness fluctuations. The high specific frequency is confirmed, yet
the exact value remains uncertain because of the uncertain distance: it varies
between 5.6+-1.2 and 8.9+-1.2. The globular cluster system has a clearly
bimodal color distribution. The color peak positions show no radial dependence
and are in good agreement with the values found for other galaxies studied in
the same filter system. However, a luminosity dependence is found: brighter
clusters with an ``intermediate'' color exist. The clusters exhibit a shallow
radial distribution within 7'.Within the same radial interval, the galaxy light
has a distinctly steeper profile. Because of the difference in the cluster and
light distribution the specific frequency increases considerably with radius.
At 7' and 9' the density profiles of the red and blue clusters, respectively,
change strongly which indicates that we reach the outer rim of the cluster
system at approximately 11'. This feature is seen for the first time in a
globular cluster system. While the radial distribution of the cluster and field
populations are rather different, this is not true for the ellipticity of the
system: the elongation as well as the position angle of the cluster system
agree well with the galaxy light. We compare the radial distribution of
globular clusters with the light profiles for a sample of elliptical galaxies.
The difference observed in NGC 4636 is typical of an elliptical galaxy of this
luminosity.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A, 16 pages, 15 figure
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