Music happens: experiences with music and cinema at the early childhood school

O artigo tem como objetivo aproveitar as experiências dos autores com música e cinema na escola de Educação Infantil e perceber nelas o que pode vir a ser música para cinema. Há vivências que aconteceram sem intervenção ou planejamento, assim como outras que foram pensadas e planejadas. Apresentando a potência das narrativas docentes para as investigações sobre a formação de professores, o texto tem como matéria-prima principal quatro relatos da educadora-autora sobre suas primeiras experimentações com a criação de música para pequenos filmes produzidos na Educação Infantil. Esses relatos foram realizados no projeto de extensão e pesquisa Lugar-escola e Cinema, situado no Cineclube Regente/Cha e no Programa Cinema e Educação, da Prefeitura Municipal de Campinas. Ao manter os relatos (quase) na íntegra, garante-se o frescor, a simplicidade e a singularidade de cada uma das vivências autobiográficas relatadas logo após terem ocorrido, com maior proximidade do percurso de aprendizado docente operado pelos problemas colocados da música para o cinema e do cinema para a música na escola de Educação Infantil. O texto analisa os modos de envolvimento das crianças pequenas nesses processos de criação, tendo como mote a pergunta: o que seria música para cinema numa escola de Educação Infantil?The article aims to take advantage of our experiences with music and cinema at the early childhood education school and to understand in them what can be music for cinema. Experiences that happened without intervention or planning, as well as others that were thought and planned. Presenting the potence of teaching narratives for research on teacher education, the main raw material of the text is four reports by the educator-author about her first experiments with the creation of music for short films produced in early childhood education. These reports were made in the extension and research project Place-school and Cinema, located in the Cineclub Regente/Cha and in the Cinema and Education Program, of the Municipality of Campinas, Brazil. By keeping the reports (almost) in full, the freshness, simplicity and uniqueness of each of the autobiographical experiences reported are maintained right after they have occurred, with greater proximity to the teaching learning path operated by the problems posed by music for cinema and from cinema to music in the early childhood school. The text analyzes the ways in which young children are involved in these creative processes, with the motto of the question: what would be music for cinema in early children's school

Space-time distribution of the ichthyofauna from Saco da Fazenda estuary, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil

Copyright © 2009 Coastal Education and Research Foundation (CERF).A Ictiofauna do estuário Saco da Fazenda foi estudada mensalmente entre julho de 2003 e junho de 2004 em quatro áreas definidas em função das características fisiográficas e da representatividade do estuário nesta região. Foram capturados 4502 exemplares, distribuídos em 42 espécies, 35 gêneros e 21 famílias. Engraulidae foram os peixes mais abundantes, onde Cetengraulis edentulus dominou nas capturas. As espécies de ocorrência ocasional, representadas, principalmente por indivíduos juvenis, predominaram nas amostragens. As maiores abundâncias ocorreram durante os meses de verão e outono, em contraste com as elevadas biomassas na primavera-outono; sendo que a área IV diferenciou-se das demais, por contribuir com as maiores capturas. Os índices de riqueza, diversidade e equitabilidade, apresentaram padrões semelhantes de flutuação, com valores elevados nos meses de primavera e verão. O índice de Jaccard revelou uma maior similaridade na composição da ictiofauna entre as áreas II e IV, enquanto a menor ocorreu entre I e IV, provavelmente devido às diferentes áreas destes locais.ABSTRACT: From July 2003 to June 2004, the physiographic characteristics of the ichthyofauna of the estuary of Saco da Fazenda were studied in four defined areas representative of the estuary. A total of 4502 individuals were captured, with 42 species, 35 genera, and 21 families. Engraulidae were the most abundant fish, and Cetengraulis edentulus dominated the captures. The species of occasional occurrence prevailed in the samplings and were represented mainly by juvenile individuals. The highest abundances occurred during the months of summer and autumn, in contrast with high biomasses in the spring and autumn; area IV contributed the largest captures. The richness indexes, diversity, and equitability presented similar flotation patterns, with high values in spring and summer. The Jaccard index revealed a greater similarity in the composition of the ichthyofauna in areas II and IV, while the lowest happened between I and IV, which is probably due to the different sizes of these areas. This paper clearly shows the relevance of this estuary, albeit strongly impacted, for recruitment of small fish mainly during summer and autumn months

Electrochemical behavior of parent and photodegradation products of some selected pesticides

Electrochemical behavior of pesticides is extensively studied, but little attention has been given to the study of their degradation products (by-products) by electrochemical methods. However, the degradation products of pesticides can be even more toxic then the parent products and such studies should be encouraged. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the electroactivity of by-products of imazaquin, methylparathion, bentazon and atrazine, generated by UV irradiation and measured using cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry and UV-visible absorption spectrophotometry. Results have shown that several by-products exhibit electroactivity, allowing, in some cases, the simultaneous determination of both parent and degradation products.EMBRAPACoordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)CNPqFAPES

Níveis de monóxido de carbono exalado em trabalhadores de churrascarias em uma cidade da Amazônia Legal Brasileira

Occupational exposure to smoke from commercial kitchens such as steakhouses may be associated with an increase in the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and an acute reversible decrease in pulmonary functional capacity, and exposure to coal smoke is a risk factor for the development of respiratory diseases. The objetive of study was evaluate the levels of exhaled carbon monoxide (COex) and carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) in steakhouse workers. This is an observational, longitudinal and prospective study in the city of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil. The total of 29 professionals working in steakhouses participated in the study. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, work environment characteristics, life habits and respiratory symptoms were extracted from questionnaires. COex and COHb levels were measured before exposure and every hour up to a 4 hour exposure period. Twenty-nine workers participated, with a predominance of females (55.2%), with a mean age of 36.40±11.49 years. It was observed that 18 (62%) of the workers had respiratory symptoms. COex and COHb levels were elevated after 4 hour exposure (p<0.05), but within acceptable parameters.  COex and COHb levels are elevated in a short period of time to occupational exposure to steakhouse activities.A exposição ocupacional à fumaça de cozinhas comerciais, como churrascarias, pode estar associada a um aumento na prevalência de sintomas respiratórios e uma diminuição reversível aguda capacidade funcional, sendo a exposição à fumaça do carvão um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças respiratórias. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os níveis de monóxido de carbono exalado (COex) e carboxihemoglobina (COHb) em trabalhadores de churrascaria. Trata-se de um estudo observacional, longitudinal e prospectivo realizado na cidade de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil. Um total de 29 profissionais que trabalham em churrascarias participaram do estudo. Foram aplicados questionários com questões referentes a características sócio demográficas, características do ambiente de trabalho, hábitos de vida e sintomas respiratórios. Os níveis de COex e COHb foram medidos antes da exposição e a cada hora até um período de exposição de 4 horas. Dos vinte e nove trabalhadores que participaram, a predominância foi do sexo feminino (55,2%), com média de idade de 36,40±11,49 anos. Foi observado que 18 (62%) dos trabalhadores apresentavam sintomas respiratórios. Os níveis de COex e COHb estavam elevados após 4 horas de exposição (p<0,05), mas dentro dos parâmetros aceitáveis. Os níveis de COex e COHb são elevados em curto período de tempo de exposição ocupacional em atividades laborais de churrascaria

Selectivity of pre-and post-emergence herbicides to very-early maturing soybean cultivars

The combination of pre- and post-emergence herbicides may affect their selectivity to soybean plants, especially to short-cycle cultivars. The objective of this work was to evaluate the selectivity of pre- and post-emergence herbicides to very-early maturing soybean cultivars. Two field experiments were conducted, one in Mandaguaçu, Paraná (E1) and other in Rio Verde, Goiás (E2), Brazil, using a 4×7 factorial arrangement. The treatments consisted of four pre-emergence herbicide managements (S-metolachlor at 1440 g ha-1, diclosulam at 25.2 g ha-1, sulfentrazone at 300 g ha-1, and no herbicide application); and seven post-emergence herbicide managements (lactofen at 120 g ha-1, chlorimuron-ethyl at 12.5 g ha-1, bentazon at 720 g ha-1, lactofen at 120 g ha-1 + chlorimuron-ethyl at 12.5 g ha-1, glyphosate at 900 g a. e. ha-1, two sequential glyphosate applications at 720 g a. e. ha-1 each, and no herbicide application). The early-maturing soybean cultivars evaluated showed sensitivity to the herbicides used. The combined use of pre- and post-emergence herbicides increased the occurrence of injuries in the plants. Diclosulam and sulfentrazone were the least selective pre-emergence herbicides. All herbicide combinations used affected soybean grain yield in E1; lactofen, chlorimuron, and bentazon presented the least selectivity in E2.The combination of pre- and post-emergence herbicides may affect their selectivity to soybean plants, especially to short-cycle cultivars. The objective of this work was to evaluate the selectivity of pre- and post-emergence herbicides to very-early maturing soybean cultivars. Two field experiments were conducted, one in Mandaguaçu, Paraná (E1) and other in Rio Verde, Goiás (E2), Brazil, using a 4×7 factorial arrangement. The treatments consisted of four pre-emergence herbicide managements (S-metolachlor at 1440 g ha-1, diclosulam at 25.2 g ha-1, sulfentrazone at 300 g ha-1, and no herbicide application); and seven post-emergence herbicide managements (lactofen at 120 g ha-1, chlorimuron-ethyl at 12.5 g ha-1, bentazon at 720 g ha-1, lactofen at 120 g ha-1 + chlorimuron-ethyl at 12.5 g ha-1, glyphosate at 900 g a. e. ha-1, two sequential glyphosate applications at 720 g a. e. ha-1 each, and no herbicide application). The early-maturing soybean cultivars evaluated showed sensitivity to the herbicides used. The combined use of pre- and post-emergence herbicides increased the occurrence of injuries in the plants. Diclosulam and sulfentrazone were the least selective pre-emergence herbicides. All herbicide combinations used affected soybean grain yield in E1; lactofen, chlorimuron, and bentazon presented the least selectivity in E2

Proinflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Periodontal Disease

Objective. To evaluate the involvement of proinflammatory and oxidative stress markers in gingival tissue in individuals with chronic periodontitis. Subject and methods. Eighteen subjects were divided in two groups: experimental (age 52.9±5.0) and control (age 51.1±9.6). The activities of enzymatic antioxidants such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase, nonenzymatic antioxidants: total glutathione and reduced glutathione, oxidized glutathione (GSSG), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) were evaluated in gingival tissues from interproximal sites. Statistical differences between groups were determined by independent Student t test and P<.05. Results. Individuals with periodontal disease exhibited a significant increase in the activities of MPO, GPx, GST, and also in TBARS and GSSG levels in gingival tissue compared to the control group (P<.05). Conclusion. The results of the present work showed an important correlation between oxidative stress biomarkers and periodontal disease

Object classification in semi structured enviroment using forward-looking sonar

La exploración submarina utilizando robots ha ido en aumento en los últimos años. La automatización de tareas tales como monitoreo, inspección y mantenimiento bajo el agua requiere la comprensión del entorno del robot. El reconocimiento de objetos en la escena se está convirtiendo en un problema crítico para estos sistemas. En este trabajo, se estudia una tubería de clasificación de objetos bajo el agua aplicada en imágenes acústicas adquiridas por Forward-Looking Sonar (FLS). La segmentación de objetos combina el umbral, la búsqueda de píxeles conectados y las técnicas de análisis de picos de intensidad. El descriptor del objeto extrae la intensidad y las características geométricas de los objetos detectados. Se presenta una comparación entre los clasificadores Máquina de vectores de soporte, Vecinos más cercanos a K y Árboles aleatorios. Se desarrolló una herramienta de código abierto para anotar y clasificar los objetos y evaluar su rendimiento de clasificación. El método propuesto segmenta y clasifica eficientemente las estructuras en la escena utilizando un conjunto de datos real adquirido por un vehículo submarino en un área de puerto. Los resultados experimentales demuestran la solidez y precisión del método descrito en este documento.The submarine exploration using robots has been increasing in recent years. The automation of tasks such as monitoring, inspection, and underwater maintenance requires the understanding of the robot’s environment. The object recognition in the scene is becoming a critical issue for these systems. On this work, an underwater object classification pipeline applied in acoustic images acquired by Forward-Looking Sonar (FLS) are studied. The object segmentation combines thresholding, connected pixels searching and peak of intensity analyzing techniques. The object descriptor extract intensity and geometric features of the detected objects. A comparison between the Support Vector Machine, K-Nearest Neighbors, and Random Trees classifiers are presented. An open-source tool was developed to annotate and classify the objects and evaluate their classification performance. The proposed method efficiently segments and classifies the structures in the scene using a real dataset acquired by an underwater vehicle in a harbor area. Experimental results demonstrate the robustness and accuracy of the method described in this paper.• National Institute of Science and Technology - Integrated Oceanography and Multiple Uses of the Continental Shelf and Adjacent Ocean - Integrated Oceanography Center INCT-Mar COI funded by CNPq. Beca 610012/2011-8 • BS-NAVLOC (CAPES no 321/15, DGPU 7523 / 14-9, proyecto MEC PHBP14 / 00083)peerReviewe

Foraminifera, Thecamoebians and Palynomorphs as Hydrodynamic Indicators in Araguari Estuary, Amazonian Coast, Amapá State – Brazil

The Araguari estuarine dynamics is singular among traditional models of estuaries under tidal regime due to influence of macrotidal and tidal bore. In order to establish estuarine zones in Araguari according foraminifera, thecamoebians, paliynomorphs and physical-chemistry parameters, sixteen sample stations were established along the estuary. Turbidity and temperature were the environmental parameters which allowed determination of the estuarine gradient. Eighteen species of foraminifera, ten of thecamoebians and fourteen of particulate organic matter types were identified. Cluster analysis in R-mode showed three microorganism assemblages and four palynomorph ones. The CCA analyze shows turbidity and total organic matter with the most influence over foraminiferal and thecamoebians distribution at Araguari. Clustering analysis in Q-mode using all data formed four groups suggesting three estuarine zones in Araguari: Zone I composed of thecamoebian species and continental palynomorphs; Zone II - composed by mangrove foraminifera, thecamoebians and all palynomorph assemblages; and Zone III – composed by mangrove and estuarine foraminifera and all palynomorph assemblages

Conhecimentos docentes: um olhar sobre a Estatística e o desenvolvimento de práticas interdisciplinares no contexto escolar

This paper aims to share research findings about teaching knowledge in the context of a practice developed from an interdisciplinary perspective, especially about Statistical Education. This was carried out, online, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with students in the final years of Elementary School. In this study proposal, statistical concepts were addressed along with Portuguese and English language content, based on an activity that involved the production and dissemination of texts about “women” and “gender equality”. This practice was shared in one of the meetings of the Collaborative Training Group for Teachers in Statistical Education (MoSaiCo Edu), which was recorded, transcribed, and analyzed qualitatively, considering the studies produced by Lee S. Shulman in this context. From these verbal records, excerpts from the Portuguese language teacher’s narrative related to Statistics were selected. As a result, the mobilization of statistical, contextual, and horizontal curricular knowledge stands out, fundamental for the construction of a learning environment for students. In this sense, a broad statistical training of the teacher is defended since Statistics facilitates the realization of interdisciplinary and collaborative practices. Through these results, therefore, it is possible to highlight the potential of the pedagogical process, of practices developed from an interdisciplinary point of view and that address statistical concepts, provided that the teacher has professional knowledge inherent in this area, a circumstance that can contribute to learning. of students and in overcoming the fragmentation of education.Este artículo tiene como objetivo compartir hallazgos de investigación sobre la enseñanza del saber en el contexto de una práctica desarrollada desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria, especialmente en lo que se refiere a la Educación Estadística. Este se llevó a cabo, en línea, debido a la pandemia del COVID-19, con estudiantes de los últimos años de la Enseñanza Primaria. En esta propuesta de estudio, se abordaron conceptos estadísticos y contenidos en portugués e inglés, a partir de una actividad que involucró la producción y difusión de textos sobre “mujeres” e “igualdad de género”. Esta práctica fue compartida en una de las reuniones del Grupo Colaborativo de Formación de Profesores en Educación Estadística (MoSaiCo Edu), que fue grabada, transcrita y analizada cualitativamente, considerando los estudios producidos por Lee S. Shulman en este contexto. De esos registros verbales, fueron seleccionados extractos de la narrativa del profesor de lengua portuguesa relacionados con la Estadística. Como resultado, se destaca la movilización de conocimientos curriculares estadísticos, contextuales y horizontales, fundamentales para la construcción de un ambiente de aprendizaje para los estudiantes. En este sentido, se defiende una amplia formación estadística del docente, ya que la Estadística facilita la realización de prácticas interdisciplinares y colaborativas. A través de estos resultados, por lo tanto, es posible resaltar el potencial del proceso pedagógico, de prácticas desarrolladas desde un punto de vista interdisciplinario y que aborden conceptos estadísticos, siempre que el docente tenga conocimientos profesionales inherentes a esta área, circunstancia que puede contribuir. al aprendizaje de los estudiantes y en la superación de la fragmentación de la educaciónEste artigo tem como objetivo socializar os achados de pesquisa acerca dos conhecimentos docentes no contexto de uma prática desenvolvida sob a perspectiva interdisciplinar, em especial, no que diz respeito à Educação Estatística. Essa foi realizada, de forma online, devido à pandemia da COVID-19, com estudantes dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental. Nessa proposta de estudo, conceitos estatísticos foram abordados junto a conteúdos de Língua Portuguesa e Inglesa, a partir de uma atividade que envolveu a produção e a divulgação de textos sobre “mulher” e “igualdade de gênero”. Essa prática foi partilhada em um dos encontros do Grupo Colaborativo de Formação de Professores em Educação Estatística (MoSaiCo Edu), o qual foi gravado, transcrito e analisado, de forma qualitativa, tendo em vista os estudos produzidos por Lee S. Shulman nesse âmbito. A partir desses registros verbais, foram selecionados trechos da narrativa da professora de Língua Portuguesa que se relacionaram à Estatística. Como resultados, destaca-se a mobilização de conhecimentos estatísticos, contextuais e curriculares horizontais, fundamentais para a construção de um ambiente de aprendizagens aos discentes. Nesse sentido, defende-se uma formação estatística do professor de forma ampla, já que a Estatística propicia a realização de práticas interdisciplinares e colaborativas. Por meio desses resultados, portanto, pode-se evidenciar as potencialidades ao processo pedagógico, de práticas desenvolvidas sob o ponto de vista interdisciplinar e que abordam conceitos estatísticos, desde que o professor tenha conhecimentos profissionais inerentes a essa área, circunstância que pode contribuir na aprendizagem dos educandos e na superação da fragmentação da educação