З історії та побуту українських чумаків у Нижньому Поволжі

The main stages of chumaks history and settlement emergence on the territory of modern Volgograd region of Russia in XVIII—XIX centuries are shown in the article. The author pays special attention to the role of Ukrainian chumaks in economic and cultural development of the virgin steppe area of the Lower Volga Region

Титульні сторінки та зміст

This paper addresses the effects of modernization processes on occupational career attainment. We ask whether modernization processes increased the success of occupational careers, and whether the effect of social background varies by regional level of modernization. We analyse a unique data set with information about the careers of around 7000 men who were active in the labour market in the Netherlands between 1865 and 1928. Modernization processes are measured at the municipality level (e.g. presence of post office and train station, educational expansion). The results of cross-classified multilevel growth models show that in municipalities with more advanced modernization, men enjoy higher social status at the beginning of their career, but that their status grows more slowly over the course of their career. The effect of social background hardly varies in response to modernization processes. Our results indicate that regional modernization processes have had restricted impact on individual mobility outcomes

Economische specialisering en veranderende sociale verhoudingen in de 19e en 20e eeuw:Een studie op basis van de Nederlandse volkstellingen en huwelijksakten

Economische specialisering en veranderende sociale verhoudingen zijn twee belangrijke onderzoeksgebieden in de Nederlandse sociale en economische geschiedenis. Beide verschijnselen worden weerspiegeld in beroepsaanduidingen zoals die in volkstellingen en in akten van de burgerlijke stand worden aangetroffen. Dit artikel stelt zich als vraag of de economische specialisering en de veranderende sociale verhoudingen onderzocht kunnen worden met behulp van de volkstellingen en de akten van de burgerlijke stand. Het artikel is dus methodologisch of, zo men wil, bronnenkritisch van aard. Het onderzoekt de mogelijkheden en beperkingen van beide bronnen, afzonderlijk en in vergelijking. Dit is mogelijk geworden doordat beroepsaanduidingen in de Nederlandse volkstellingen in het kader van het Life Courses in Context project op dezelfde wijze zijn gecodeerd als in sommige grote databestanden met akten van de burgerlijke stand, zoals de Historische Steekproef Nederland en de zogeheten GENLIAS-bestanden.1 De gemeenschappelijke codering is die van HISCO, Historical International Standard Classification of Occupations.

Інтеграція радіоастрономії України в європейську радіоастрономічну науку

Виступ академіка НАН України О.О. Коноваленка

LOFAR 144-MHz follow-up observations of GW170817

This article has been accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 494, Issue 4, June 2020, Pages 5110–5117, ©: 2020 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.We present low-radio-frequency follow-up observations of AT 2017gfo, the electromagnetic counterpart of GW170817, which was the first binary neutron star merger to be detected by Advanced LIGO-Virgo. These data, with a central frequency of 144 MHz, were obtained with LOFAR, the Low-Frequency Array. The maximum elevation of the target is just 13.7 degrees when observed with LOFAR, making our observations particularly challenging to calibrate and significantly limiting the achievable sensitivity. On time-scales of 130-138 and 371-374 days after the merger event, we obtain 3$\sigma$ upper limits for the afterglow component of 6.6 and 19.5 mJy beam$^{-1}$, respectively. Using our best upper limit and previously published, contemporaneous higher-frequency radio data, we place a limit on any potential steepening of the radio spectrum between 610 and 144 MHz: the two-point spectral index $\alpha^{610}_{144} \gtrsim -2.5$. We also show that LOFAR can detect the afterglows of future binary neutron star merger events occurring at more favourable elevations.Peer reviewe

The Metamorphosis of Power

This review discusses historical studies of social mobility and stratification. The focus is on changes in social inequality and mobility in past societies and their determinants. It discusses major historical sources, approaches, and results in the fields of social stratification (ranks and classes in the past), marriage patterns by social class or social endogamy, intergenerational social mobility, and historical studies of the career.