367 research outputs found
Functional aspects of fibrinogen B and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 promoter variants
UBL - phd migration 201
The Role of Cooperative in The Milk Value Chain in West Bandung Regency, West Java Province
The objective of the study was to evaluate the capacity of Northern Bandung Dairy Farmer Cooperative (KPSBU) to support farmers in producing good quality milk within the milk value chain in West Bandung Regency, West Java. The study used qualitative research strategies including desk study, case study, and focus group discussions. The study compared the involvement of three milk collecting actors that were classified into large cooperative (KPSBU), small cooperative (KUD Puspa Mekar), and private company (Bina Kitri Bersama). A total of 18 dairy farmers, 3 milk collecting actors, 2 milk processors, and one livestock officer were interviewed. Three focus group discussions were conducted. The large cooperative performed better in services, milk collection, and milk quality assessment compared to other milk collecting actors. Members’ commitment, inconsistent milk quality, and shortage of good quality fodder were the hindering factors that influenced the collection of good quality milk in the large cooperative. In conclusion, the large cooperative had better performance in service provision, it also had better infrastructures in milk collection and milk quality assessment compared to other milk collecting actors. Increasing the milk quality standard by milk processing companies affected the milk price since 2000.
A Cold Nearby Cloud Inside the Local Bubble
The high-latitude Galactic H I cloud toward the extragalactic radio source 3C
225 is characterized by very narrow 21 cm emission and absorption indicative of
a very low H I spin temperature of about 20 K. Through high-resolution optical
spectroscopy, we report the detection of strong, very narrow Na I absorption
corresponding to this cloud toward a number of nearby stars. Assuming that the
turbulent H I and Na I motions are similar, we derive a cloud temperature of 20
(+6, -8) K (in complete agreement with the 21 cm results) and a line-of-sight
turbulent velocity of 0.37+/-0.08 km/s from a comparison of the H I and Na I
absorption linewidths. We also place a firm upper limit of 45 pc on the
distance of the cloud, which situates it well inside the Local Bubble in this
direction and makes it the nearest-known cold diffuse cloud discovered to date.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letter
The Local Leo Cold Cloud and New Limits on a Local Hot Bubble
We present a multi-wavelength study of the local Leo cold cloud (LLCC), a
very nearby, very cold cloud in the interstellar medium. Through stellar
absorption studies we find that the LLCC is between 11.3 pc and 24.3 pc away,
making it the closest known cold neutral medium cloud and well within the
boundaries of the local cavity. Observations of the cloud in the 21-cm HI line
reveal that the LLCC is very cold, with temperatures ranging from 15 K to 30 K,
and is best fit with a model composed of two colliding components. The cloud
has associated 100 micron thermal dust emission, pointing to a somewhat low
dust-to-gas ratio of 48 x 10^-22 MJy sr^-1 cm^2. We find that the LLCC is too
far away to be generated by the collision among the nearby complex of local
interstellar clouds, but that the small relative velocities indicate that the
LLCC is somehow related to these clouds. We use the LLCC to conduct a shadowing
experiment in 1/4 keV X-rays, allowing us to differentiate between different
possible origins for the observed soft X-ray background. We find that a local
hot bubble model alone cannot account for the low-latitude soft X-ray
background, but that isotropic emission from solar wind charge exchange does
reproduce our data. In a combined local hot bubble and solar wind charge
exchange scenario, we rule out emission from a local hot bubble with an 1/4 keV
emissivity greater than 1.1 Snowdens / pc at 3 sigma, 4 times lower than
previous estimates. This result dramatically changes our perspective on our
local interstellar medium.Comment: 13 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical
Journal. Vector figure version available at
http://www.astro.columbia.edu/~jpeek
Interstellar Filaments and the Statistics of Galactic HI
This paper presents a statistical explanation of filament formation in the
galactic atomic hydrogen. Recently developed technique allows to determine the
3D spectrum of random HI density. We claim that even in the absence of
dynamical factors the Gaussian field corresponding to the measured values of
the spectrum of HI density should exhibit filamentary structure, the existence
of which has long been claimed.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures (bitmapped). Original figures available from
ftp://ftp.cita.utoronto.ca/ftp/cita/pogosyan/cita-96-17 (1.1MB
Introduction to Magnetic Monopoles
One of the most basic properties of magnetism is that a magnet always has two
poles, north and south, which cannot be separated into isolated poles, i.e.,
magnetic monopoles. However, there are strong theoretical arguments why
magnetic monopoles should exist. In spite of extensive searches they have not
been found, but they have nevertheless played a central role in our
understanding of physics at the most fundamental level.Comment: 22 pages, 7 figures. To be published in Contemporary Physic
Sky maps without anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background are a better fit to WMAP's uncalibrated time ordered data than the official sky maps
The purpose of this reanalysis of the WMAP uncalibrated time ordered data
(TOD) was two fold. The first was to reassess the reliability of the detection
of the anisotropies in the official WMAP sky maps of the cosmic microwave
background (CMB). The second was to assess the performance of a proposed
criterion in avoiding systematic error in detecting a signal of interest. The
criterion was implemented by testing the null hypothesis that the uncalibrated
TOD was consistent with no anisotropies when WMAP's hourly calibration
parameters were allowed to vary. It was shown independently for all 20 WMAP
channels that sky maps with no anisotropies were a better fit to the TOD than
those from the official analysis. The recently launched Planck satellite should
help sort out this perplexing result.Comment: 11 pages with 1 figure and 2 tables. Extensively rewritten to explain
the research bette
Provision of Palliative Care in Patients with COPD:A Survey Among Pulmonologists and General Practitioners
Contains fulltext :
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