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Analysis of a discrete-time single-server queue with bursty imputs for traffic control in ATM networks
Due to a large number of bursty traffic sources that an ATM network is expected to support, controlling network traffic becomes essential to provide a desirable level of network performance with its users. Admission control and traffic smoothing are among the most promising control techniques for an ATM network. To evaluate the performance of an ATM network when it is subject to admission control or traffic smoothing, we build a discrete-time single-server queueing model where a new call joins the existing calls.In our model. it is assumed that the cell arrivals from a new call follow a general distribution. It is also assumed that the aggregated arrivals of cells from the existing calls form batch arrivals with a general distribution for the batch size and a geometric distribution for the interarrival times of batches. We consider both finite and infinite buffer cases, and analytically obtain the waiting time distribution and cell loss probability for a new call and for existing calls. Our analysis is an exact one. Through numerical examples, we investigate how the network performance depends on the statistics of a new call (burstiness, time that a call stays in active or inactive state, etc.). We also demonstrate the effectiveness of traffic smoothing to reduce network congestion
Coronal propagation of solar flare particles observed by satellite
Propagation of solar flare particles in corona was studied using the satellite data at the geostationary orbit. by selecting very fast rise time events only, the interplanetary propagation were assumed to be scatter free arrival. The results show that the propagation in corona does not depend on particle energy in 4 to 500 MeV protons, and the time delays from optical flare do not depend on the distance between the flare site and the base of the interplanetary magnetic field which connects to the Earth
Evolution of Low- and Intermediate-Mass Stars with [Fe/H] <= -2.5
We present extensive sets of stellar models for 0.8-9.0Msun in mass and -5 <=
[Fe/H] <= -2 and Z = 0 in metallicity. The present work focuses on the
evolutionary characteristics of hydrogen mixing into the He-flash convective
zones during the core and shell He flashes which occurs for the models with
[Fe/H] <~ -2.5. Evolution is followed from the zero age MS to the TPAGB phase
including the hydrogen engulfment by the He-flash convection during the RGB or
AGB phase. There exist various types of mixing episodes of how the H mixing
sets in and how it affects the final abundances at the surface. In particular,
we find H ingestion events without dredge-ups that enables repeated
neutron-capture nucleosynthesis in the He flash convective zones with 13
C(a,n)16 O as neutron source. For Z = 0, the mixing and dredge-up processes
vary with the initial mass, which results in different final abundances in the
surface. We investigate the occurrence of these events for various initial mass
and metallicity to find the metallicity dependence for the He-flash driven deep
mixing (He-FDDM) and also for the third dredge-up (TDU) events. In our models,
we find He-FDDM for M <= 3Msun for Z = 0 and for M <~ 2Msun for -5 <~ [Fe/H] <~
-3. On the other hand, the occurrence of the TDU is limited to the mass range
of ~1.5Msun to ~5Msun for [Fe/H] = -3, which narrows with decreasing
metallicity. The paper also discusses the implications of the results of model
computations for observations. We compared the abundance pattern of CNO
abundances with observed metal-poor stars. The origins of most iron-deficient
stars are discussed by assuming that these stars are affected by binary mass
transfer. We also point out the existence of a blue horizontal branch for -4 <~
[Fe/H] <~ -2.5.Comment: 19 pages, 12 figures, accepted by MNRA
The origin of HE0107-5240 and the production of O and Na in extremely metal-poor stars
We elaborate the binary scenario for the origin of HE0107-5240, the most
metal-poor star yet observed ([Fe/H] = -5.3), using current knowledge of the
evolution of extremely metal-poor stars. From the observed C/N value, we
estimate the binary separation and period. Nucleosynthesis in a helium
convective zone into which hydrogen has been injected allows us to discuss the
origin of surface O and Na as well as the abundance distribution of s-process
elements. We can explain the observed abundances of 12C, 13C, N, O, and Na and
predict future observations to validate the Pop III nature of HE0107-5240.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, proceedings of the conference, "Nuclei in the
Cosmos VIII", Nuclear Physics A in pres
Critical Behavior in Doping-Driven MetalInsulator Transition on Single-Crystalline Organic Mott-FET
We present the carrier transport properties in the vicinity of a
doping-driven Mott transition observed at a field-effect transistor (FET)
channel using a single crystal of the typical two-dimensional organic Mott
insulator -(BEDT-TTF)CuN(CN)Cl (-Cl).The FET shows a
continuous metalinsulator transition (MIT) as electrostatic doping proceeds.
The phase transition appears to involve two-step crossovers, one in Hall
measurement and the other in conductivity measurement. The crossover in
conductivity occurs around the conductance quantum , and hence is not
associated with "bad metal" behavior, which is in stark contrast to the MIT in
half-filled organic Mott insulators or that in doped inorganic Mott insulators.
Through in-depth scaling analysis of the conductivity, it is found that the
above carrier transport properties in the vicinity of the MIT can be described
by a high-temperature Mott quantum critical crossover, which is theoretically
argued to be a ubiquitous feature of various types of Mott transitions. [This
document is the unedited Authors' version of a Submitted Work that was
subsequently accepted for publication in Nano Letters, copyright \copyright
American Chemical Society after peer review. To access the final edited and
published work see http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b03817]Comment: 40 pages, 16 figures in Nano Letters, ASAP (2017
Carbon burning in intermediate mass primordial stars
The evolution of a zero metallicity 9 M_s star is computed, analyzed and
compared with that of a solar metallicity star of identical ZAMS mass. Our
computations range from the main sequence until the formation of a massive
oxygen-neon white dwarf. Special attention has been payed to carbon burning in
conditions of partial degeneracy as well as to the subsequent thermally pulsing
Super-AGB phase. The latter develops in a fashion very similar to that of a
solar metallicity 9 M_s star, as a consequence of the significant enrichment in
metals of the stellar envelope that ensues due to the so-called third dredge-up
episode. The abundances in mass of the main isotopes in the final ONe core
resulting from the evolution are X(^{16}O) approx 0.59, X(^{20}Ne) approx 0.28
and X(^{24}Mg) approx 0.05. This core is surrounded by a 0.05 M_s buffer mainly
composed of carbon and oxygen, and on top of it a He envelope of mass 10^{-4}
M_sComment: 11 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in A&
Development of a Large-Area Aerogel Cherenkov Counter Onboard BESS
This paper describes the development of a threshold type aerogel Cherenkov
counter with a large sensitive area of 0.6 m to be carried onboard the BESS
rigidity spectrometer to detect cosmic-ray antiprotons. The design incorporates
a large diffusion box containing 46 finemesh photomultipliers, with special
attention being paid to achieving good performance under a magnetic field and
providing sufficient endurance while minimizing material usage. The refractive
index of the aerogel was chosen to be 1.03. By utilizing the muons and protons
accumulated during the cosmic-ray measurements at sea level, a rejection factor
of 10 was obtained against muons with , while keeping 97%
efficiency for protons below the threshold.Comment: 13 pages, LaTex, 9 eps figures included, submitted to NIM
Electron scattering in isotonic chains as a probe of the proton shell structure of unstable nuclei
Electron scattering on unstable nuclei is planned in future facilities of the
GSI and RIKEN upgrades. Motivated by this fact, we study theoretical
predictions for elastic electron scattering in the N=82, N=50, and N=14
isotonic chains from very proton-deficient to very proton-rich isotones. We
compute the scattering observables by performing Dirac partial-wave
calculations. The charge density of the nucleus is obtained with a covariant
nuclear mean-field model that accounts for the low-energy electromagnetic
structure of the nucleon. For the discussion of the dependence of scattering
observables at low-momentum transfer on the gross properties of the charge
density, we fit Helm model distributions to the self-consistent mean-field
densities. We find that the changes shown by the electric charge form factor
along each isotonic chain are strongly correlated with the underlying proton
shell structure of the isotones. We conclude that elastic electron scattering
experiments in isotones can provide valuable information about the filling
order and occupation of the single-particle levels of protons.Comment: 13 pages; 19 figure
Evolution and nucleosynthesis of extremely metal-poor and metal-free low- and intermediate-mass stars II. s-process nucleosynthesis during the core He flash
Models of primordial and hyper-metal-poor stars with masses similar to the
Sun experience an ingestion of protons into the hot core during the core helium
flash phase at the end of their red giant branch evolution. This produces a
concurrent secondary flash powered by hydrogen burning that gives rise to
further nucleosynthesis in the core. We perform post-process nucleosynthesis
calculations on a one-dimensional stellar evolution calculation of a star of 1
solar mass and metallicity [Fe/H] = -6.5 that suffers a proton ingestion
episode. Our network includes 320 nuclear species and 2,366 reactions and
treats mixing and burning simultaneously. The mixing and burning of protons
into the hot convective core leads to the production of 13C, which then burns
via the 13C(alpha,n)16O reaction releasing a large number of free neutrons.
During the first two years of neutron production the neutron poison 14N
abundance is low, allowing the prodigious production of heavy elements such as
strontium, barium, and lead via slow neutron captures (the s process). These
nucleosynthetic products are later mixed to the stellar surface and ejected via
stellar winds. We compare our results with observations of the hyper-metal-poor
halo star HE 1327-2326, which shows a strong Sr overabundance. Our model
provides the possibility of self-consistently explaining the Sr overabundance
in HE 1327-2326 together with its C, N, and O overabundances (all within a
factor of ~4) if the material were heavily diluted, for example, via mass
transfer in a wide binary system. The model produces at least 18 times too much
Ba than observed, but this may be within the large modelling uncertainties. In
this scenario, binary systems of low mass must have formed in the early
Universe. If true then this puts constraints on the primordial initial mass
function.Comment: Accepted for publication on Astronomy & Astrophysics Letter
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