Seafood labelling in different eu countries and their compliance to eu regulations

Poster.-- Aquaculture Europe 2021, October 4-7, Funchal-Madeira, PortugalN

Identification of Brucella by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry. Fast and Reliable Identification from Agar Plates and Blood Cultures

BACKGROUND: MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS) is a reliable method for bacteria identification. Some databases used for this purpose lack reference profiles for Brucella species, which is still an important pathogen in wide areas around the world. We report the creation of profiles for MALDI-TOF Biotyper 2.0 database (Bruker Daltonics, Germany) and their usefulness for identifying brucellae from culture plates and blood cultures. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We created MALDI Biotyper 2.0 profiles for type strains belonging to B. melitensis biotypes 1, 2 and 3; B. abortus biotypes 1, 2, 5 and 9; B. suis, B. canis, B ceti and B. pinnipedialis. Then, 131 clinical isolates grown on plate cultures were used in triplicate to check identification. Identification at genus level was always correct, although in most cases the three replicates reported different identification at species level. Simulated blood cultures were performed with type strains belonging to the main human pathogenic species (B. melitensis, B. abortus, B. suis and B. canis), and studied by MALDI-TOF MS in triplicate. Identification at genus level was always correct. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: MALDI-TOF MS is reliable for Brucella identification to the genus level from culture plates and directly from blood culture bottles

Barcodes of marine invertebrates from north Iberian ports: Native diversity and resistance to biological invasions

Ports are gateways for many marine organisms transported by ships worldwide, especially non-indigenous species (NIS). In this study carried out in North Iberian ports (Cantabrian Sea, Bay of Biscay) we have observed 38% of exotic macroinvertebrates. Four species, namely the barnacle Austrominius modestus, the tubeworm Ficopomatus enigmaticus, the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas and the pygmy mussel Xenostrobus securis, exhibited clear signs of invasiveness. A total of 671 barcode (cytochrome oxidase subunit I or 18S rRNA) genes were obtained and confirmed the species status of some cryptic NIS. Negative and significant correlation between diversity estimators of native biota and proportion of NIS suggests biotic resistance in ports. This could be applied to management of port biota for contributing to prevent the settlement of biopollutants in these areas which are very sensitive to biological invasions.Versión del editor2,359

Nurses' perceptions of aids and obstacles to the provision of optimal end of life care in ICU

Contains fulltext : 172380.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access

Studies of biogenic amines in Mexican green sausage "chorizo verde"

5th Euro-Global Summit and Expo on Food & Beverages (June 16-18, 2015 Alicante, Spain).Green sausage “Chorizo verde” is a popular semi-fermented meat product in Mexico, made with pork meat and different fresh green vegetables; among them chili is the most typical spicy in Mexico. The conservation of this product is usually at room temperature; however in this storage conditions should be taking into account the microbial growth and the production of biogenic amines (BA) which could be potentially implicate in toxicological process. The BA is formed by the decarboxylation of specific free amino acid for decarboxylase enzymes mainly from microbiological origin. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of BA and microbial growth in green sausage at two storage temperatures (4 and 20ºC).Histamine, putrescine, agmatine, spermidine and spermine were the BA initially identified in the raw material of sausages. The final products present levels of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) higher than 8 log cfu/g and < 3 log cfu/g of Enterobacteriaceae after ripening process (48 h, 20°C, 50% RH). The products presented a significant increase in the levels of tyramine, and lower increase in histamine and putrescine. Levels associated with microorganism mainly LAB, because the levels of Enterobacteriaceae presented a decrease. After 4 days of conservation levels tyramine were higher in lots stored at 20°C, these levels also increase at the 10 days of storage. However, the samples keep at 4ºC the levels of BA keep almost constant until the end of storage. Therefore it is important to storage this products under refrigeration to ensure their quality and safety.Peer Reviewe

Erosión y desertificación.-Protección contra la erosión versus productividad en viñedos. Ensayos de cubiertas vegetales en cultivos en pendiente

ABSTRACT Temporary and permanent cover crops were used in three rain fed vineyards in the Center of Spain. They were sown in the middle of the strips to assess their ability to control erosion as well as their influence on grape production. Data from the year 2008 are compared with those obtained with traditional tillage treatment. The permanent cover formed by Brachypodium distachyon showed better ability to control erosion but it produced a decrease in production in young vines. Barley and rye treatments were temporary covers, mowed in spring. They also reduced the erosion compared with the tillage however they did not appear to affect the vineyard production

Small eukaryotic plankton composition and dynamics in the ría de Vigo (NW Spain) during the upwelling season

2nd Meeting of the Iberian Ecological Society (SIBECOL), XXI conference of the Iberian Association of Limnology (AIL) and 21st National Congress of the Portuguese Ecological Society (SPECO), 3-8 July 2022, AveiroBiodiversity and dynamics of small plankton from the NW Iberian coast are poorly described. In this study, we applied high-throughput sequencing targeting the V9 region of 18S rDNA to identify the main taxonomic groups of pico- (0.2-2 μm) and nanoeukaryotes (2-20 μm) in the Ría de Vigo during the upwelling season. Sampling took place in June 2017, every 2/3 days over 3 weeks. On each sampling day, physical, chemical and biological data were also collected to characterize environmental conditions. All metrics indicated greater diversity of nanoeukaryotes compared with picoeukaryotes. The phylogenetic diversity of picoeukaryotes mainly involved sequences of SAR supergroup (46%) and Archaeplastida (19%). Within SAR supergroup, Stramenopiles accumulated the higher abundance (33%). Likewise, SAR supergroup also accounted for the largest share of nanoeukaryotes (89%), but in this case was strongly represented by Alveolates (46%). Furthermore, taxonomic composition of the small eukaryotes changed over time following the upwellingrelaxation-upwelling-downwelling-upwelling cycle observed. Within picoeukaryotes, an abrupt change in taxonomic composition occurred. Initially, SAR supergroup dominated (>60%) associated with upwelling, but reached a low point during downwelling. Conversely, an unknown category of picoeukaryotes marked a peak (70%) precisely during downwelling, after having gradually strengthened during relaxation. At higher taxonomic resolution, it was noted that upwelling favoured Ochrophyta, whereas MAST were promoted by relaxation. Instead, downwelling caused a decrease on both. On the other hand, the relative abundance of SAR supergroup within nanoeukaryotic community hardly changed over time, unlike some of its components, that exhibited large temporal variability. In particular, Dinoflagellata and Ochrophyta showed the opposite trend during the study period, so that the former was more abundant during relaxation and downwelling while the later remarkably increased just before and after downwelling. Interestingly, a close examination of minority taxa (<4%), most of them belonging to the supergroups CCTH (like Picozoa, Telonema and Prymnesiophyceae) and Excavates (Discoba) revealed that their presence was remarkably higher during downwelling. Our results indicated that small plankton immediately responded to short- term hydrographic forcing and part of this variability was directly connected to the Ría-Shelf circulation patterns. In this regard, downwelling dragged into the Ría taxonomically unknown species of picoplankton, along with other minority nanoeukaryotic taxa that were found at very low levels the remaining time. This is certainly a path to explore in the future to better understand the flows of matter and energy that take place in these very productive areas, and to assess their sustainability. This is especially relevant in the context of global change, where alterations in circulation patterns are expected to occurN