La reflexión metapoética como expresión de la conciencia artística de Miguel de Unamuno en tres poemas inéditos

A partir de la metodología de la crítica genética presentaremos tres poemas inéditos de Miguel de Unamuno en los que domina el discurso metapoético. A pesar de no haber sido concebidos para su publicación y de que, en algunos casos, puedan resultar tan solo esbozos de un abortado poema, insistimos en la importancia de rescatar este tipo de documentos que, aunque privados e incompletos, poseen ese carácter íntimo y fragmentario, típico de las “poéticas de poeta”.Throughout this article, we will present three unpublished poems of Miguel de Unamuno. Due to their unfinished and private nature, we will support our work on the new methodology of Genetic Criticism. Even though they were not conceived for their publication, we insist on the importance of studying these documents, because the metaliterary discourse is represented as a primary thread to all of them, and we can consider them as part of his metapoetic poetry

Critical analysis of the main discourses of the Spanish press about the rescue of the ship «Aquarius»

This article presents an analysis of the main discourses that appear in a sample of Spanish newspapers before and after the arrival of the Aquarius at the port of Valencia in June 2018, in order to observe if there is a solidarity discourse or one that rejects the arrival of the rescued immigrants in Spain. The corpus consists of all the news published from June 10 to July 10, 2018 in the electronic version of the Spanish newspapers ABC, El Mundo, El País and La Vanguardia. The methodology is mainly qualitative-descriptive. Critical discourse analysis (CDA) was chosen to observe the main linguistic characteristics of the collected news items and the topics that appear in the articles. The analysis shows that the testimonies of politicians and members of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) predominate, but there are few testimonies of immigrants. The solidarity and acceptance of Spain are strengthened, as well as the defense of human rights. This contrasts with the discourses that the press presents after the arrival of the ship in Valencia. A discourse related to the health of immigrants and their need for help and resources predominates, a fact that contributes to the alarm of the majority group

A normal metal tunnel-junction heat diode

We propose a low-temperature thermal rectifier consisting of a chain of three tunnel-coupled normal metal electrodes. We show that a large heat rectification is achievable if the thermal symmetry of the structure is broken and the central island can release energy to the phonon bath. The performance of the device is theoretically analyzed and, under the appropriate conditions, temperature differences up to $\sim$ 200 mK between the forward and reverse thermal bias configurations are obtained below 1 K, corresponding to a rectification ratio $\mathcal{R} \sim$ 2000. The simplicity intrinsic to its design joined with the insensitivity to magnetic fields make our device potentially attractive as a fundamental building block in solid-state thermal nanocircuits and in general-purpose cryogenic electronic applications requiring energy management.Comment: 4.5 pages, 4 color figure

Working Environment in Nursing: Needs Improvement?

Background: Knowing the quality of life of professionals is important because it is related to job performance, better results, and greater productivity, which results in better patient care. Objective: To know the Professional Quality of Life perceived by the nurses at the Geriatric Hospital of Toledo (Spain). Method: A descriptive cross-section study was employed to measure the Professional Quality of Life of all healthcare nurses (69 in total) at the Geriatric Hospital of Toledo. The questionnaire used as a measuring instrument was the Professional Quality of Life - 35. The data obtained was analyzed by means of: descriptive statistics, single-factor ANOVA variance analysis, T Student tests, and simple and multiple regression analysis. The study was approved by both the research commission and the ethics commission at the Hospital Complex of Toledo. Participation in the study on behalf of the nursing staff was voluntary. Results: In total, 45 responses were obtained (65.2%). The overall mean score measured the perceived Professional Quality of Life to be low. In relation to the three dimensions evaluated in the study, the highest average found was in “intrinsic motivation,” followed by “workload”, and then “management support.” In the multivariate analysis, “management support” was shown as the most influential factor in the Professional Quality of Life with a 23% influence (P<0.001), followed by workload with 9% (P = 0.01). Conclusions: The professionals at the participating center perceive their workplace as having an elevated degree of responsibility, a large quantity of work, a high occurrence of rushes and fatigue, and all this with little support on behalf of management. Promotions are scarce or the policies for receiving a promotion are inadequate. The perception of Professional Quality of Life in nursing is low. The obtained results indicate a need for an organizing cultural change based on participation, motivation, and increased management support

¿Subversión u oxímoron?: la literatura fantástica y la metafísica del objeto

La mayoría de las lecturas clásicas del discurso fantástico (Todorov, Jackson, etc.) han enfatizado el componente subversivo o irracional del mismo. Aunque también existen comentarios acerca de su componente miméticos o realista, estos últimos no han profundizado en las posibles consecuencias que esa dimensión realista y su interacción con la propiamente fantástica pueden tener para entender y explicar la interacción entre ambos componentes y, por tanto, lo que podría ser el núcleo estrucutural de todo relato fantástico. A través de una innovadora clasificación de los objetos materiales que suelen aparecen en esos relatos y a través del estudio de su ontología metafísica, mi artículo trata de mostrar que ese componente mimético y realista no sólo es parte fundante del discruso fantástico sino que incluso reivindica lo que aparentemente ese discurso estaría cuestionando, es decir, la consistencia metafísica de la realidad extramental. Con ejemplos extraídos principalmente de las literaturas hispánicas concluyo que la literatura fantástica es esencialmente un oxymoron metafísico y que su dimensión subversiva o disidente se da sólo a posteriori, una vez que el autor ha obedecido las leyes aristotélicas de la construcción textual. Many of the classical readings of fantastic literature, such as Todorov’s, Jackson’s or Bellemin-Noël’s emphasize the subversive or irrational component of it. Although studies on its mimetic component exist as well, in my view they have not pursued to the end the logical conclusions of the interaction between both fields. Through an innovative typology of objects as they appear in fantastic fiction, and the study of their ontology, this article attempts to show how realistic view is not only a foundational base of fantastic discourse but it also proves what this discourse is claimed to question, i.e. the vindication of metaphysical consistency of reality. Using examples from Spanish and other linguistic traditions, the conclusion is reached that fantastic literature may be oxymoronic by essence, and only subversive or dissident a posteriori, after obeying the conscious intentions of the writer

Trace elements and C and N isotope composition in two mushroom species from a mine-spill contaminated site

Fungi play a key role in the functioning of soil in terrestrial ecosystems, and in particular in the remediation of degraded soils. The contribution of fungi to carbon and nutrient cycles, along with their capability to mobilise soil trace elements, is well-known. However, the importance of life history strategy for these functions has not yet been thoroughly studied. This study explored the soil-fungi relationship of two wild edible fungi, the ectomycorrhizal Laccaria laccata and the saprotroph Volvopluteus gloiocephalus. Fruiting bodies and surrounding soils in a mine-spill contaminated area were analysed. Isotope analyses revealed Laccaria laccata fruiting bodies were 15N-enriched when compared to Volvopluteus gloiocephalus, likely due to the transfer of 15N-depleted compounds to their host plant. Moreover, Laccaria laccata fruiting bodies δ13C values were closer to host plant values than surrounding soil, while Volvopluteus gloiocephalus matched the δ13C composition to that of the soil. Fungal species presented high bioaccumulation and concentrations of Cd and Cu in their fruiting bodies. Human consumption of these fruiting bodies may represent a toxicological risk due to their elevated Cd concentrations

Attitudes of students of a health sciences university towards the extension of smoke-free policies at the university campuses of Barcelona

OBJECTIVE: To assess attitudes towards the extension of outdoor smoke-free areas on university campuses. METHODS: Cross-sectional study (n=384) conducted using a questionnaire administered to medical and nursing students in Barcelona in 2014. Information was obtained pertaining to support for indoor and outdoor smoking bans on university campuses, and the importance of acting as role models. Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine agreement. RESULTS: Most of the students agreed on the importance of health professionals and students as role models (74.9% and 64.1%, respectively) although there were statistically significant differences by smoking status and age. 90% of students reported exposure to smoke on campus. Students expressed strong support for indoor smoke-free policies (97.9%). However, only 39.3% of participants supported regulation of outdoor smoking for university campuses. Non-smokers (OR=12.315; 95% CI: 5.377-28.204) and students ≥22 years old (OR=3.001; 95% CI: 1.439-6.257) were the strongest supporters. CONCLUSIONS: The students supported indoor smoke-free policies for universities. However, support for extending smoke-free regulations to outdoor areas of university campuses was limited. It is necessary to educate students about tobacco control and emphasise their importance as role models before extending outdoor smoke-free legislation at university campuses

RNA-Seq analysis for assessing the early response to DSP toxins in Mytilus galloprovincialis digestive gland and gill

[Abstract] The harmful effects of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins on mammalian cell lines have been widely assessed. Studies in bivalves suggest that mussels display a resistance to the cytogenotoxic effects of DSP toxins. Further, it seems that the bigger the exposure, the more resistant mussels become. To elucidate the early genetic response of mussels against these toxins, the digestive gland and the gill transcriptomes of Mytilus galloprovincialis after Prorocentrum lima exposure (100,000 cells/L, 48 h) were de novo assembled based on the sequencing of 8 cDNA libraries obtained using an Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. The assembly provided 95,702 contigs. A total of 2286 and 4523 differentially expressed transcripts were obtained in the digestive gland and the gill, respectively, indicating tissue-specific transcriptome responses. These transcripts were annotated and functionally enriched, showing 44 and 60 significant Pfam families in the digestive gland and the gill, respectively. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was performed to validate the differential expression patterns of several genes related to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, energy production, genome integrity and defense, suggesting their participation in the protective mechanism. This work provides knowledge of the early response against DSP toxins in the mussel M. galloprovincialis and useful information for further research on the molecular mechanisms of the bivalve resistance to these toxins.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; AGL2012-3089