Does Individual Performance Affect Entrepreneurial Mobility? Empirical Evidence from the Financial Analysis Market

Our paper contributes to the studies on the relationship between workers' human capital and their decision to become self-employed as well as their probability to survive as entrepreneurs. Analysis from a panel data set of research analysts in investment banks over 1988-1996 reveals that star analysts are more likely than non-star analysts to become entrepreneurs. Furthermore, we find that ventures started by star analysts have a higher probability of survival than ventures established by non-star analysts. Extending traditional theories of entrepreneurship and labor mobility, our results also suggest that drivers of turnover vary by destination: (a) turnover to entrepreneurship and (b) other turnover. In contrast to turnover to entrepreneurship, star analysts are less likely to move to other firms than non-star analysts.

Algo más que intuición para los negocios. Competencias que todo emprendedor debería desarrollar

Está muy extendido el mito del emprendedor como un personaje genial, dotado de unas cualidades innatas que lo llevan a crear e implementar ideas brillantes. Sin embargo, los expertos en el tema cada vez comprueban más que si existen cualidades propias del emprendedor, éstas están más bien en el ámbito de las competencias, que pueden adquirirse y desarrollarse mediante un peculiar tipo de aprendizaje. Se examinan aquí los tres niveles de competencias -de negocio, interpersonales y personales-, mostrando cómo se aprenden y prestando especial atención a las últimas, en concreto, a los hábitos de carácter.Competencias; iniciativa emprendedora; hábitos de carácter; aprendizaje por experiencia; conocimiento práctico;

Microvesicles from indoxyl sulfate-treated endothelial cells induce vascular calcification in vitro

Vascular calcification (VC), an unpredictable pathophysiological process and critical event in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), is the leading cause of morbi-mortality and disability in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients worldwide. Currently, no diagnostic method is available for identifying patients at risk of VC development; the pathology is detected when the process is irreversible. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from endothelial cells might promote VC. Therefore, their evaluation and characterization could be useful for designing new diagnostic tools. The aim of the present study is to investigate whether microvesicles (MVs) from endothelial cells damaged by uremic toxin and indoxyl sulfate (IS) could induce calcification in human vascular smooth muscle cells (VMSCs). Besides, we have also analyzed the molecular mechanisms by which these endothelial MVs can promote VC development. Endothelial damage has been evaluated according to the percentage of senescence in endothelial cells, differential microRNAs in endothelial cells, and the amount of MVs released per cell. To identify the role of MVs in VC, VSMCs were treated with MVs from IS-treated endothelial cells. Calcium, inflammatory gene expression, and procalcification mediator levels in VSMCs were determined. IS-treated endothelial cells underwent senescence and exhibited modulated microRNA expression and an increase in the release of MVs. VSMCs exposed to these MVs modulated the expression of pro-inflammatory genes and some mediators involved in calcification progression. MVs produced by IS-treated endothelial cells promoted calcification in VSMCs.Instituto de Salud Carlos IIISociedad Española de NefrologíaUniversidad de AlcaláGrupo SantanderUniversity fo California San Dieg

Neurocognitive profile of the post-COVID condition in adults in Catalonia. A mixed method prospective cohort and nested case-control study: Study Protocol

The diagnosis of the post-COVID condition is usually achieved by excluding other diseases; however, cognitive changes are often found in the post-COVID disorder. Therefore, monitoring and treating the recovery from the post-COVID condition is necessary to establish biomarkers to guide the diagnosis of symptoms, including cognitive impairment. Our study employs a prospected cohort and nested case-control design with mixed methods, including statistical analyses, interviews, and focus groups. Our main aim is to identify biomarkers (functional and structural neural changes, inflammatory and immune status, vascular and vestibular signs and symptoms) easily applied in primary care to detect cognitive changes in post-COVID cases. The results will open up a new line of research to inform diagnostic and therapeutic decisions with special considerations for cognitive impairment in the post-COVID condition

Neurocognitive Profile of the Post-COVID Condition in Adults in Catalonia-A Mixed Method Prospective Cohort and Nested Case-Control Study : Study Protocol

Altres ajuts: This study is also supported in part by grants from the CIBER-Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-(CB 2021), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and Unión Europea, NextGenerationEU.The diagnosis of the post-COVID condition is usually achieved by excluding other diseases; however, cognitive changes are often found in the post-COVID disorder. Therefore, monitoring and treating the recovery from the post-COVID condition is necessary to establish biomarkers to guide the diagnosis of symptoms, including cognitive impairment. Our study employs a prospected cohort and nested case-control design with mixed methods, including statistical analyses, interviews, and focus groups. Our main aim is to identify biomarkers (functional and structural neural changes, inflammatory and immune status, vascular and vestibular signs and symptoms) easily applied in primary care to detect cognitive changes in post-COVID cases. The results will open up a new line of research to inform diagnostic and therapeutic decisions with special considerations for cognitive impairment in the post-COVID condition

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Empowering growth from within: cultivating conditions for intrapreneurship to thrive

Product and service expansion opportunities that are connected to an organization’s core work have a greater chance of success than those ideas that are unrelated to its main activities (Sykes, 1986; Sorrentino and Williams, 1995; Thornhill and Amit, 2001). To paraphrase this idea in the wisdom of Seth Godin, it is Blockbuster that should have invented Netflix and, by the same line of reasoning, Polaroid should have been the one to bring Instagram to market. But they didn’t. Not only did Blockbuster and Polaroid not capitalize on their inherent wisdom with an eye to the future, they lost to their competitors that were innovating and encouraging internal (or corporate) entrepreneurship, which led to them both having to eventually close up shop all together. It did not need to be that way

Does individual performance affect entrepreneurial mobility Empirical evidence from the financial analysis market

Our paper contributes to the studies of the relationship between workers’ human capital and their decision to become self-employed as well as their probability to survive as entrepreneurs. Analysis from a panel dataset of research analysts in investment banks over 1988-1996 reveals that star analysts are more likely than non-star analysts to become entrepreneurs. Furthermore, we find that ventures started by star analysts have a higher probability of survival than ventures established by non-star analysts. Extending traditional theories of entrepreneurship and labor mobility, our results also suggest that drivers of turnover vary by destination: turnover to entrepreneurship and other turnover. In contrast to turnover to entrepreneurship, star analysts are less likely to move to other firms than non-star analysts.Entrepreneurship; ability; professionals

Predictores Socioambientales e Individuales del Desempeño en una Tarea Atencional con Demandas de Alerta, Orientación y Control en Niños de Edad Preescolar

Sociodemographic and Individual Predictors of Performance in an Attentional Task with Alert, Orienting and Control Demands in Preschoolers: This study explores the predictive value of socioeconomic status, maternal mental health and child temperament on the performance in the attentional network test (ANT), which assesses attentional processes of alert, orienting and control, administered to 203 4-to-5 years-old children (M = 4.78; SD = .59) from Unsatisfied and Satisfied Basic Needs homes (UBN and SBN, respectively). Results from the linear regression analysis indicated that gender, age, effortful control, and marginally parental occupation, predicted increments in reaction times of trials corresponding only to the control network. Predictors were not verified when sociodemographic variables (parental education and occupation, dwelling and overcrowding) were replaced in the model by the predictor socioeconomic group (UBN, SBN). These results suggest a differential modulation of individual and environmental factors on different attentional processing networksEl presente estudio explora el valor predictivo del nivel socioeconómico, la salud mental materna y el temperamento infantil sobre el desempeño en la prueba de redes atencionales (ANT), que evalúa procesos atencionales de alerta, orientación y control, administrada a 203 niños de 4 y 5 años (M = 4.78; DE = .59), provenientes de hogares con y sin necesidades básicas insatisfechas (NBI y NBS, respectivamente). Los resultados de los análisis de regresión lineal indicaron que las variables género, edad, esfuerzo voluntario de control y en forma marginal nivel de ocupación parental, fueron predictores del aumento de los tiempos de reacción en las tareas con demandas de control. No se identificaron predictores en el caso de las redes atencionales de alerta y orientación. Al reemplazar en el modelo las variables sociodemográficas de educación y ocupación parental, vivienda y hacinamiento por el predictor grupo económico (NBI/NBS), no se verificó ningún tipo de predicción. Estos resultados sugieren una modulación diferencial de factores individuales y ambientales sobre distintos sistemas de procesamiento atencional