39,088 research outputs found
Emergent requirements for supporting introductory programming
The problems associated with learning and teaching first year University Computer Science (CS1) programming classes are summarized showing that various support tools and techniques have been developed and evaluated. From this review of applicable support the paper derives ten requirements that a support tool should have in order to improve CS1 student success rate with respect to learning and understanding
Masses and Decay Constants of Heavy-Light Mesons Using the Multistate Smearing Technique
We present results for f_B and masses of low-lying heavy-light mesons.
Calculations were performed in the quenched approximation using multistate
smearing functions generated from a spinless relativistic quark model
Hamiltonian. Beta values range from 5.7 to 6.3, and light quark masses
corresponding to pion masses as low as 300 MeV are computed at each value. We
use the 1P--1S charmonium splitting to set the overall scale.Comment: 9 pages, 13 figures, and 5 tables as a single 193K compressed and
uuencoded Postscript file, FERMILAB--CONF--93/376-
Why do people live apart together?
Interpretations of living apart together (LAT) have typically counter-posed 'new family form' versus 'continuist' perspectives. Recent surveys, however, construct LAT as a heterogeneous category that supports a 'qualified continuist' position – most people live apart as a response to practical circumstances or as a modern version of 'boy/girlfriend', although a minority represents something new in preferring to live apart more permanently. This article interrogates this conclusion by examining in depth why people live apart together, using a nationally representative survey from Britain and interview accounts from 2011. Our analysis shows that LAT as a category contains different sorts of relationship, with different needs and desires. While overall coupledom remains pivotal and cohabitation remains the goal for most, LAT allows people flexibility and room to manoeuvre in adapting couple intimacy to the demands of contemporary life. Hence, we suggest, LAT is both 'new' and a 'continuation'
Dynamics of the Kuiper Belt
Our current knowledge of the dynamical structure of the Kuiper Belt is
reviewed here. Numerical results on long term orbital evolution and dynamical
mechanisms underlying the transport of objects out of the Kuiper Belt are
discussed. Scenarios about the origin of the highly non-uniform orbital
distribution of Kuiper Belt objects are described, as well as the constraints
these provide on the formation and long term dynamical evolution of the outer
Solar system. Possible mechanisms include an early history of orbital migration
of the outer planets, a mass loss phase in the outer Solar system and
scattering by large planetesimals. The origin and dynamics of the scattered
component of the Kuiper Belt is discussed. Inferences about the primordial mass
distribution in the trans-Neptune region are reviewed. Outstanding questions
about Kuiper Belt dynamics are listed.Comment: 22 pages plus 8 figures added footnote, figure
On the modelling of isothermal gas flows at the microscale
This paper makes two new propositions regarding the modelling of rarefied (non-equilibrium) isothermal gas flows at the microscale. The first is a new test case for benchmarking high-order, or extended, hydrodynamic models for these flows. This standing time-varying shear-wave problem does not require boundary conditions to be specified at a solid surface, so is useful for assessing whether fluid models can capture rarefaction effects in the bulk flow. We assess a number of different proposed extended hydrodynamic models, and we find the R13 equations perform the best in this case.
Our second proposition is a simple technique for introducing non-equilibrium effects caused by the presence of solid surfaces into the computational fluid dynamics framework. By combining a new model for slip boundary conditions with a near-wall scaling of the Navier--Stokes constitutive relations, we obtain a model that is much more accurate at higher Knudsen numbers than the conventional second-order slip model. We show that this provides good results for combined Couette/Poiseuille flow, and that the model can predict the stress/strain-rate inversion that is evident from molecular simulations. The model's generality to non-planar geometries is demonstrated by examining low-speed flow around a micro-sphere. It shows a marked improvement over conventional predictions of the drag on the sphere, although there are some questions regarding its stability at the highest Knudsen numbers
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