Anomaly in temperature dependence of thermal transport of two hydrogen-bonded glass-forming liquids

6 págs.; 3 figs.; PACS number s : 66.70. f, 63.50. x, 65.20. w, 65.60. aThe thermal conductivity of two molecular glasses (ethanol and 1-propanol) decrease with increasing temperature up to their glass transitions at Tg 97 and 98 K, respectively. Within their supercooled liquid phases, the conductivity increases with rising temperature up to a maximum which roughly coincides with the liquidus (or melting temperatures Tm 159 K and Tm 149 K, respectively). From there on, the conductivity decreases with increasing temperature, a behavior common to most liquids examined so far, exception made of liquid water. The origin of the rather different dependencies with temperature of thermal transport is understood as a competition between phonon-assisted and diffusive transport effects which are amenable to experiments using high resolution quasielastic neutron scattering and visible and ultraviolet Brillouin light-scattering spectroscopies. © 2007 The American Physical Society.Peer Reviewe

Low-temperature properties of monoalcohol glasses and crystals

We review and jointly discuss both earlier and recent experiments conducted by us on simple aliphatic glass-forming monoalcohols at low temperatures, including specific heat, thermal conductivity, Brillouin scattering and x-ray diffraction experiments. The family of simple monoalcohols constitutes an interesting model system to explore different relevant issues concerning molecular glass-forming liquids, low-temperature universal proper-ties of glasses, and even the glass transition phenomenon itself. More specifically, we discuss the role played by the molecular aspect ratio in vitrification/crystallization kinetics, the reported appearance of particular cases of polymorphism (in ethanol) and polyamorphism (in butanol), and especially the influence of position isomerism and the location of the hydrogen bond on the lattice dynamics and hence on the low-temperature universal prop-erties of glasses

Asymptotic Expansions for Stationary Distributions of Perturbed Semi-Markov Processes

New algorithms for computing of asymptotic expansions for stationary distributions of nonlinearly perturbed semi-Markov processes are presented. The algorithms are based on special techniques of sequential phase space reduction, which can be applied to processes with asymptotically coupled and uncoupled finite phase spaces.Comment: 83 page

Thermal properties of halogen-ethane glassy crystals: Effects of orientational disorder and the role of internal molecular degrees of freedom

The thermal conductivity, specific heat, and specific volume of the orientational glass former 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (CCl2F-CClF2, F-113) have been measured under equilibrium pressure within the low-temperature range, showing thermodynamic anomalies at ca. 120, 72, and 20 K. The results are discussed together with those pertaining to the structurally related 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-1,2-difluoroethane (CCl2F-CCl2F, F-112), which also shows anomalies at 130, 90, and 60 K. The rich phase behavior of these compounds can be accounted for by the interplay between several of their degrees of freedom. The arrest of the degrees of freedom corresponding to the internal molecular rotation, responsible for the existence of two energetically distinct isomers, and the overall molecular orientation, source of the characteristic orientational disorder of plastic phases, can explain the anomalies at higher and intermediate temperatures, respectively. The soft-potential model has been used as the framework to describe the thermal properties at low temperatures. We show that the low-temperature anomaly of the compounds corresponds to a secondary relaxation, which can be associated with the appearance of Umklapp processes, i.e., anharmonic phonon-phonon scattering, that dominate thermal transport in that temperature rangeThis work was financially supported in part by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Grant Nos. FIS2014-54734-P, FIS2011-23488, and MAT2014-57866- REDT), by the Catalan Government (Grant No. 2014SGR- 0581) and by the Comunidad de Madrid through program NANOFRONTMAG-CM (No. S2013/MIT-2850), as well as by the joint NAS Ukraine and Russian Foundation for Basic Research project “Metastable states of simple condensed systems” (Agreement No. N 7/-2013

Риск развития у детей непредвиденных побочных реакций на аллерген туберкулезный рекомбинантный

This report reviews clinical cases, and their possible causes of unexpected local and systemic adverse effects associated with a novel skin test using recombinant tuberculosis allergen (RTA, Diaskintest) in 2—11 years old children. This preparation consists of a M. tuberculosis ESAT6/CFP10 fusion protein produced in E. coli, and, in Russia, it has been used as a tool for preventive screening for tuberculosis since 2009. The most common side effects developed within 1 to 12 h after injection and were represented as local or non-life threatening systemic symptoms: fever up to 39°C lasting up to 24 h, painful excessive edema with reddening on the forearm, and, sometimes herpes-like blisters on the skin. In 72 h, the papula at the injection site was moderate, but the hyperemia around it was considerable. We argue that the most likely reason for this type of response could be the development of Type III hypersensitivity (associated with immune complexes), and/or antibody-independent anaphylactoid response to the ESAT6/CFP10 protein or contaminating bacterial culture components. To prevent possible side effects, we recommend to observe the patients for not less than 15 min after the injection of RTA, and to be ready to respond in case of anaphylaxis development.В статье рассмотрены клинические симптомы и возможные причины непредвиденных местных и системных реакций у детей в возрасте от 2 до 11 лет после проведения кожной пробы с аллергеном туберкулезным рекомбинантным (АТР, Диаскин-тест®). Этот препарат содержит слитый генно-инженерный белок ESAT6/CFP10 кишечной палочки. Аллерген введен в России в практику превентивной диагностики туберкулеза с 2009 года. Нежелательные эффекты у детей развивались в промежутке от 1 часа до 12 часов после проведения кожной пробы с АТР в виде местных, а также не опасных для жизни системных реакций: повышения температуры тела до 39°С в течение суток, появления обширного болезненного отека в области предплечья, сопровождавшегося гиперемией, а в отдельных случаях и герпетиформными пузырьковыми высыпаниями на коже. Через 72 часа в месте введения аллергена наблюдался умеренного размера инфильтрат (папула), окруженный большой зоной гиперемии. Наиболее вероятными механизмами развития описанных симптомов гиперчувствительности немедленного типа авторы считают анафилактические реакции III типа (иммунокомплексные) и/или антителонезависимые анафилактоидные реакции на генноинженерный белок ESAT6/CFP10, а также другие компоненты бактериального синтеза или среды культивирования E. coli. Для предупреждения возможного развития более серьезных реакций рекомендуется наблюдать пациентов не менее 15 минут после проведения кожной пробы с Диаскинтестом и быть готовыми к принятию таких же мер, как при анафилаксии

Effects of internal molecular degrees of freedom on the thermal conductivity of some glasses and disordered crystals

The thermal conductivity κ(T) of the fully ordered stable phase II, the metastable phase III, the orientationally disordered (plastic) phase I, as well as the nonergodic orientational glass (OG) phase, of the glass former cyclohexanol (C 6H 11OH) has been measured under equilibrium vapor pressure within the 2-200 K temperature range. The main emphasis is here focused on the influence of the conformational disorder upon the thermal properties of this material. Comparison of results with those regarding cyanoclyclohexane (C 6H 11CN), a chemically related compound, serves to quantify the role played by the terminal groups -OH and -CN on the phonon scattering processes. The picture that emerges shows that motions of such groups do play a minor role as scattering centers, both within the low-temperature orientationally ordered phases as well as in the OG states. The results are analyzed within the Debye-Peierls relaxation time model for isotropic solids comprising mechanisms for long-wave phonon scattering within the OG and orientational ordered low-temperature phases, as well as others arising from localized short-wavelength vibrational modes as pictured by the Cahill-Pohl model. By means of complementary neutron and Raman scattering we show that in the OG state the energy landscapes for both compounds are very similar. © 2012 American Physical Society.This work was financially supported in part by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Grant No. FIS2008-00837) and the Catalan Government (Grant No. 2009SGR-1251)Peer Reviewe

Collision of one dimensional (1D) spin polarized Fermi gases in an optical lattice

In this work we analyze the dynamical behavior of the collision between two clouds of fermionic atoms with opposite spin polarization. By means of the time-evolving block decimation (TEBD) numerical method, we simulate the collision of two one-dimensional clouds in a lattice. There is a symmetry in the collision behaviour between the attractive and repulsive interactions. We analyze the pair formation dynamics in the collision region, providing a quantitative analysis of the pair formation mechanism in terms of a simple two-site model

Послеоперационная наружная трансабдоминальная гиперлимфорея (клиническое наблюдение)

Massive lymphorrhea can cause severe dysfunction of organs and systems and result in death due to loss of vital metabolites from the bodyAim. To demonstrate low efficacy of conservative therapy and late lymph duct ligation in continuous massive postoperative lymphorrhea.Results. We treated a patient with previous subtotal gastric resection with single-plane pancreatic resection, D2 lymph node dissection, peritoneal draining due to poorly differentiated carcinoma in the lower third of stomach and total hysterectomy who developed external lymphorrhea through peritoneal drainage tubes 3 days after surgery. A fat-rich diet, endolymphatic sodium etamsylate administration, and lymphatic duct ligation were not successful in terminating the lymph leakage. Despite the intensive care including extracorporeal detoxification, the multi-organ failure progressed and on day 28 after the surgery the patient was pronounced dead.Conclusion. Damage to lymph ducts and lymph nodes can be complicated by massive lymphorrhea. If the source of lymphorrhea can be identified, an urgent surgical intervention is warranted to stop the lymph leakage, as well as the restoration of homeostasis to replenish the lost metabolites and prevent death of the patient.Массивная лимфорея приводит к тяжелым нарушениям функции органов и систем и, вследствие удаления с лимфой из организма жизненно важных метаболитов, может закончиться летальным исходом.Цель. Показать клиническую неэффективность консервативной терапии и позднего лигирования лимфатического протока при продолжительной и массивной послеоперационной лимфорее.Результаты. Наблюдали больную после дистальной субтотальной резекции желудка с плоскостной резекцией поджелудочной железы, лимфодиссекции D2, дренирования брюшной полости по поводу низкодифференцированного рака нижней трети желудка (T4aNoMo) и тотальной гистерэктомии, у которой через 3 дня после операции развилась наружная лимфорея через дренажи в брюшной полости. Богатая жирами диета, эндолимфатическое введение этамзилата натрия, прошивание лимфатического протока не привели к прекращению истечения лимфы. Несмотря на проводимую интенсиную терапию, включая методы экстракорпоральной детоксикации, прогрессировали проявления полиор-ганной недостаточности и на 28-е сутки после операции констатировали смерть больной.Заключение. Повреждение лимфатических сосудов и лимфоузлов может осложниться массивной лимфореей при выявлении источника которой необходимо как срочное оперативное вмешательство, направленное на остановку лимфорагии так и коррекция гомеостаза с целью восполнения потерянных организмом метаболитов и предупреждения летального исхода

Клиническое исследование переносимости, безопасности и иммуногенности отечественной гриппозной инактивированной сплит-вакцины «ФЛЮ-М» у детей в возрасте от 6 месяцев до 9 лет

Purpose: To study the reactogenicity, safety and immunogenicity of the Russian vaccine Flu-M in comparison with Vaxigrip vaccine for influenza prevention in children aged from 6 months to 9 years (phase III).Materials and Methods. In 2021, a clinical study was conducted in which children aged 6 months to 9 years were immunized with Flu-M vaccine (produced by SPbSRIVS, Russia) and Vaxigrip vaccine (produced by Sanofi Pasteur S.A., France). After randomization one group of children was vaccinated with Flu-M, the other with Vaxigrip, and monitored for 180±3 days after vaccination. Children vaccinated between 3 and 9 years of age were studied in phase I, and between 6 months and 3 years of age in phase II. Tolerability and safety were assessed by the frequency and extent of adverse events, as well as by the assessment of vital signs and physical examination. Immunological efficacy assessment criteria were geometric mean antibody titer, seroconversion level, seroconversion factor, seroprotection level.Results. Both vaccines (Flu-M and Vaxigrip) were shown to be well tolerated by children of both age groups. No serious adverse events or severe adverse events were reported   in the study. Immunological efficacy criteria were achieved for both vaccines for all strains of influenza virus in children of both age groups at 28 and 56 days after vaccination. No cases of influenza or acute respiratory infections were seen at 180±3 days postvaccination.Conclusion. The results of the clinical study show that the Flu-M and Vaxigrip vaccines are comparable in both age groups of children.The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT 05470582).Цель: изучение реактогенности, безопасности и иммуногенности отечественной вакцины «Флю-М» в сравнении с вакциной «Ваксигрип» для профилактики гриппа у детей в возрасте от 6 месяцев до 9 лет (фаза III).Материалы и методы: в 2021 г. проведено клиническое исследование при иммунизации детей в возрасте от 6 месяцев до 9 лет вакциной «Флю-М» (производство СПбНИИВС, Россия) и вакциной «Ваксигрип» (производство «Санофи Пастер С.А.», Франция). После рандомизации в соотношении 1:1 одну группу детей прививали вакциной «Флю-М», другую  –  вакциной  «Ваксигрип» и наблюдали в течение 180±3 суток после  вакцинации. На I этапе исследовали детей в возрасте от 3 до    9 лет, на II этапе – в возрасте от 6 месяцев до 3 лет. Переносимость и безопасность оценивали по частоте развития и степени тяжести нежелательных явлений, а также по результатам лабораторных исследований, оценки показателей жизненно важных функций и результатам физикального обследования и неврологического осмотра. Критериями оценки иммунологической эффективности являлись средняя геометрическая титра антител, уровень сероконверсии, фактор сероконверсии, уровень серопротекции.Результаты: показано, что обе вакцины («Флю-М» и «Ваксигрип») хорошо переносились детьми обеих возрастных групп. Нежелательных явлений сильной степени тяжести, а также серьезных нежелательных явлений в исследовании не было зарегистрировано. Критерии иммунологической эффективности были достигнуты для обеих вакцин по всем штаммам вируса гриппа у детей обеих возрастных категорий через 28 и 56 дней после вакцинации. В ходе наблюдения в течение 180±3 суток после вакцинации случаев заболеваемости гриппом или острыми респираторными вирусными инфекциями не отмечалось.Заключение: результаты клинического исследования свидетельствуют о сопоставимости вакцин «Флю-М» и «Ваксигрип» для детей обеих возрастных категорий. Исследование зарегистрировано на ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05470582)