2-{1-[2,8-Bis(trifluoro­meth­yl)quinolin-4-yl]-3,5,6,7,8,8a-hexa­hydro-1H-1,3-oxazolo[3,4-a]pyridin-3-yl}phenol

In the title mefloquine–oxazolidine derivative, C24H20F6N2O2, the oxazoline ring adopts an envelope conformation (the flap atom is N) and the piperidine ring has a chair conformation. The oxazoline and benzene residues lie away from the C6 ring of the quinoline group and, to a first approximation, to one side of the plane through the ten atoms (r.m.s. deviation = 0.025 Å). An intra­molecular O—H⋯N(piperidine) hydrogen bond is present. The crystal packing features C—H⋯O, C—H⋯F and C—H⋯π(hy­droxy­benzene) inter­actions

(R*,S*)-(±)-1-(2-{[2,8-Bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl](hydroxy)methyl}piperidin-1-yl)ethanone methanol monosolvate

The title mefloquine derivative has been crystallized as its 1:1 methanol solvate, C19H18F6N2O2·CH3OH. Each of the meth­ine­hydroxyl residue [the C—C—C—O torsion angle is −16.35 (17) °] and the piperidinyl group [distorted chair conformation] lies to one side of the quinolinyl ring system. The hydroxyl and carbonyl groups lie to either side of the mol­ecule, enabling their participation in inter­molecular inter­actions. Thus, the hydroxyl and carbonyl groups of two centrosymmetrically related mol­ecules are bridged by two methanol mol­ecules via O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, leading to a four-mol­ecule aggregate. These are linked into a supra­molecular chain along the a axis via C—H⋯O inter­actions involving the hydroxyl-O atom. The chains assemble into layers that inter­digitate along the c axis being connected by C—H⋯F inter­actions

Benzyl 2-{[2,8-bis­(trifluoro­meth­yl)quinolin-4-yl](hy­droxy)meth­yl}piperidine-1-carboxyl­ate

The title mol­ecule, C25H22F6N2O3, adopts an open conformation whereby the quinoline and carboxyl­ate ester groups are orientated in opposite directions but to the same side of the piperidine ring so that the mol­ecule has an approximate U-shape. The piperidine ring adopts a distorted boat conformation. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate R 2 2(14) loops

tert-Butyl 2-{[2,8-bis­(trifluoro­meth­yl)quinolin-4-yl](hy­droxy)meth­yl}piperidine-1-carboxyl­ate

The title mol­ecule, C22H24F6N2O3, adopts a folded conformation whereby the carboxyl­ate residue lies over the quinolinyl residue, with the dihedral angle between the carbamate and quinoline planes being 41.64 (7)°. Helical supra­molecular C(7) chains sustained by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds propagating along the a-axis direction feature in the crystal packing. The F atoms of one of the CF3 groups are disordered over two orientations; the major component has a site occupancy of 0.824 (7)

Synthesis, Solubility, Permeability, and In Vitro Activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Funding Information: This work was supported by FCT-MCTES (PTDC/QUI-QOR/32406/2017, PEst-C/LA0006/2013, RECI/BBBBQB/0230/2012) and by the Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry-LAQV (FCT-MCTES UIDB/50006/2020 and UIDP/50006/2020). The NMR spectrometers are part of the National NMR Network (PTNMR) and are partially supported by Infrastructure Project N° 022161 (co-financed by FEDER through COMPETE 2020, POCI, PORL, and FCT through PIDDAC). Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors.The development of novel pharmaceutical tools to efficiently tackle tuberculosis is the order of the day due to the rapid development of resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Herein, we report novel potential formulations of a repurposed drug, the antimalarial mefloquine (MFL), which was combined with organic anions as chemical adjuvants. Eight mefloquine organic salts were obtained by ion metathesis reaction between mefloquine hydrochloride ([MFLH][Cl]) and several organic acid sodium salts in high yields. One of the salts, mefloquine mesylate ([MFLH][MsO]), presented increased water solubility in comparison with [MFLH][Cl]. Moreover, all salts with the exception of mefloquine docusate ([MFLH][AOT]) showed improved permeability and diffusion through synthetic membranes. Finally, in vitro activity studies against Mycobacterium tuberculosis revealed that these ionic formulations exhibited up to 1.5-times lower MIC values when compared with [MFLH][Cl], particularly mefloquine camphorsulfonates ([MFLH][(1R)-CSA], [MFLH][(1S)-CSA]) and mefloquine HEPES ([MFLH][HEPES]).publishersversionpublishe

Trading deforestation - Why the legality of forest-risk commodities is insufficient

This dataset refers to the summary of unprotected native vegetation and carbon stocks per municipality in Brazil. Unprotected means native vegetation areas and spatially-linked carbon stocks present at farms with surplus of legal reserves according to the Brazilian Forest Code.Additional funding sources: Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (Norad) (Grant QZA-21/0156) (C W). The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (Grant 7703.01) (C W). World Wildlife Fund Brazil (Science Program's and Public Policy's institutional budget) (M N F, R S T V, M M S E, G R L). Instituto de Manejo e Certificação Florestal e Agrícola (IMAFLORA) (Institutional Budget) (V G F). Universidade de São Paulo—USP (Institutional Budget) (G S). Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) (Institutional Budget) (R R)

Gene Expression Profiling during Early Acute Febrile Stage of Dengue Infection Can Predict the Disease Outcome

Background: We report the detailed development of biomarkers to predict the clinical outcome under dengue infection. Transcriptional signatures from purified peripheral blood mononuclear cells were derived from whole-genome gene-expression microarray data, validated by quantitative PCR and tested in independent samples. Methodology/Principal Findings: The study was performed on patients of a well-characterized dengue cohort from Recife, Brazil. The samples analyzed were collected prospectively from acute febrile dengue patients who evolved with different degrees of disease severity: classic dengue fever or dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) samples were compared with similar samples from other non-dengue febrile illnesses. The DHF samples were collected 2-3 days before the presentation of the plasma leakage symptoms. Differentially-expressed genes were selected by univariate statistical tests as well as multivariate classification techniques. The results showed that at early stages of dengue infection, the genes involved in effector mechanisms of innate immune response presented a weaker activation on patients who later developed hemorrhagic fever, whereas the genes involved in apoptosis were expressed in higher levels. Conclusions/Significance: Some of the gene expression signatures displayed estimated accuracy rates of more than 95%, indicating that expression profiling with these signatures may provide a useful means of DHF prognosis at early stages of infection. © 2009 Nascimento et al

Evidence confirms an anthropic origin of Amazonian Dark Earths.

Arising from: Silva et al. Nature Communications https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20184-2 (2021

Histologia, histoquímica e histometria do intestino de jacaré-do-Pantanal criado em cativeiro

A criação de jacaré-do-Pantanal tem se consolidado no estado de Mato Grosso como atividade alternativa e legal para as propriedades rurais na área de ocorrência natural da espécie, coibindo a caça predatória e colaborando na preservação da espécie. A racionalização do processo produtivo na criação de jacaré é uma ação relativamente nova, que permite obter pele de melhor qualidade e de utilização integral, diferentemente daquelas oriundas de animais da natureza. Considerando a importância dos intestinos como sede dos principais eventos relacionados à obtenção de nutrientes para o metabolismo corpóreo, este trabalho teve por objetivo caracterizar qualitativa e quantitativamente a mucosa dos intestinos delgado e grosso de jacaré-do-Pantanal jovens. Para a caracterização ao microscópio óptico da estrutura da parede intestinal e da histometria da mucosa foram coletadas amostras intestinais de 16 animais, sendo três deles também destinados ao estudo histoquímico. As amostras foram obtidas de cinco regiões, sendo quatro do intestino delgado e uma do intestino grosso. Elas foram fixadas em solução de Bouin, processadas de acordo com técnicas preconizadas para inclusão em parafina. Cortes histológicos semi-seriados (quatro micrômetros) foram obtidos e o material foi desparafinizado, hidratado e corado pela hematoxilina-eosina para a descrição geral e estudo histométrico, que consistiu da mensuração da freqüência das vilosidades intestinais; dos comprimentos do epitélio e da lâmina própria da mucosa e da espessura da mucosa. Na análise estatística foi empregada a análise de variância e Teste de Tukey. Para o estudo histoquímico foram utilizadas a reação ao ácido periódico de Schiff, alcian blue pH 1,0 contrastado com hematoxilina e alcian blue pH 2,5 conjugado ao ácido periódico de Schiff. Para a descrição das estruturas histológicas foi empregada a terminologia disponível na Nomina Histologia. A estrutura da parede do intestino delgado e grosso do jacaré-do-Pantanal era constituída pelas túnicas mucosa, muscular e serosa. A mucosa era formada por epitélio de revestimento do tipo cilíndrico simples constituído por epiteliócitos colunares e por exocrinócitos caliciformes; lâmina própria de tecido conjuntivo frouxo e muscular da mucosa única. A túnica muscular era constituída por dois estrados, o circular e o longitudinal, sendo o estrato circular o mais desenvolvido. A serosa era típica. As especializações da mucosa observadas no intestino delgado e grosso, respectivamente, foram vilosidades e pregas intestinais, e ao longo das regiões dos intestinos, apresentaram diminuição de sua complexidade. O estudo histométrico da mucosa demonstrou diferença estatisticamente significante entre o intestino delgado e grosso. Embora a estrutura da parede intestinal de C. yacare seja semelhante à de outros crocodilianos, a da tartaruga verde e avestruz, ainda se faz necessário estudos sobre a histofisiologia para que o manejo nutricional da espécie em cativeiro seja incrementado