Passive Seismic Tomography Using Induced Seismicity at a Petroleum Field in Oman

A borehole network consisting of 5 monitoring wells was used to monitor the induced seismicity at a producing petroleum field for a period of about 11 months. Nearly 5400 microseismic events were analyzed and utilized in imaging the reservoir based on a new doubledifference (DD) seismic tomography. The DD tomography method simultaneously solves for event locations and Vp, Vs, and Vp/Vs models using absolute and differential P, S and S-P arrival times. Microseismicity in the field was primarily caused by compaction of the reservoir in and above the gas bearing formation and was distributed along the two major northeastsouthwest (NE-SW) faults in the field. The model resolution analysis based on the checkerboard test and the resolution matrix showed that the central part of the model was relatively well resolved for the depth range of 0.7 to 1.1 km. Clear velocity contrasts were imaged across most parts of the two NE-SW faults. Vp/Vs ratio estimations from the tomographic inversion were low (<1.75) in the shallow depth range, likely due to lithology and gas content, whereas they were large (>1.75) in the deeper part of the model, likely due to fluid saturated formation. In this study seismic tomography showed a great potential for reservoir imaging and property estimation using induced seismicity.Petroleum Development Oma

Description of Maternal Age, Parity, and Birth Spacing, in Infants with Low Birthweight in Karawang, West Java

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is a major public health problem in low income countries. LBW is associated with a range of both short and long term consequences. Maternal and fetal factors may determine the risk of LBW. This study aimed to describe the maternal age, parity, and birth spacing, ininfants with LBW, in Karawang, West Java. Subjects and Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Citra Sari Husada hospital, Karawang, West Java. A sample of 70 infants with low birth weight was selected by simple random sampling. The study variables were age, parity, birth spacing, and history of delivery of previous LBW babies. The data were taken from medical records. The data of each variable were described in percent. Results: The cumulative incidence of LBW infantsin 2014 was 386 cases (20.29%) of the 1902 mothers who gave birth at Citra Sari Husada hospital, Karawang, West Java. Mothers who gave birth to LBW were mostly 20-35 years old (61.42%), 74.28% 2-3 parity, 81.42% ≥2 years birth spacing, and 92% had history of LBW baby in previous pregnancy. Conclusion: The incidence of LBW has been described by maternal age, parity, birth spacing, and history of LBW in previous pregnancy. Keywords: maternal age, parity, birth spacing, low birthweigh

Aplikasi Peta Interaktif Kabupaten Banyumas Berbasis Flash Sebagai Media Promosi Pariwisata

Banyumas tourism is one of the tourism potential in Indonesia that needs to be introduced. Banyumas wet tropical climate has a lot of tourism potential, especially in nature with the beauty of nature as attractiveness. It is expected to increase the number of tourists as well as local revenue. Therefore, it needs a media campaign that could lead to local and foreign tourists to visit the tourism in Banyumas. Through field surveys using GPS handheld, a road network map and attractions attribute data, then the resulting distribution map tourism of Banyumas. Based on this, so in this study will be designed a flash-based interactive map application, using Adobe Flash CS 6 to build the design and interface of applications, as well as the Action Script 2.0 for programming language. Flash recall election map with increasingly modern technological advances and the use of media promotion of the unique and interesting, the need for increased digital maps, as well as the appearance can be made attractive, informative and easy to use. Flash-based interactive map application as a medium to promote Banyumas Tourism is expected to help tourists in getting information on the distribution of tourist sites in Banyumas, so the tour in Banyumas has became one of the main goals for potential tourists

De Novo Duplication of 7p21.1p22.2 in a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Craniofacial Dysmorphism

The duplication of the short arm of chromosome 7 as de novo is extremely rare. The phenotype spectrum varies depending on the region of duplication. We report a case of de novo duplication of chromosomal region 7p21.1p22.2 in a three-year-old male child with autism who presented to the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital in Muscat, Oman, in January 2012. The patient was diagnosed with craniofacial dysmorphism, global developmental delay, hypotonia and bilateral cryptorchidism. The duplication was detected by conventional G-banded karyotype analysis/fluorescence in situhybridisation and confirmed by array comparative genomic hybridisation. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of chromosomal region 7p21.1 involvement in an autistic patient showing features of a 7p duplication phenotype. Identifying genes in the duplicated region using molecular techniques is recommended to promote characterisation of the phenotype and associated condition. It may also reveal the possible role of these genes in autism spectrum disorder

Cellulose an ageless renewable green nanomaterial for medical applications: an overview of ionic liquids in extraction, separation and dissolution of cellulose

Cellulose is a renewable natural fiber, which has gained enormous and significant research interest and evolved as the prime and promising candidate for replacing synthetic fibers. The various sources of cellulose, which is one of the world's most ubiquitous and renewable biopolymer resources, include trees, plants, tunicate and bacteria. The renewable biomaterial in the form of nanocellulose and its composites have been included in this review having the broad range of medical applications, viz.; tissue engineering, cardiovascular surgery, dental, pharmaceuticals, veterinary, adhesion barriers and skin therapy. These grafts are being fabricated from biodegradable materials. Bacterial cellulose is also an emerging renewable biomaterial with immense potential in biomedical field. The fabrication methods, characteristic properties and various overwhelming applications of cellulosic composites are explicitly elucidated in this review. The crux of this review is to exhibit the latest state of art, development in the field of cellulosic nanocomposite science and technology research and their applications towards biomedical field. Among the fourteen principle of green chemistry the two key principles i.e. using environmentally preferable solvents and bio-renewable feed-stocks covers in dissolution of cellulose in ionic liquids (ILs). In addition, this review covers about the comprehensive extraction and dissolution of cellulose and nanocellulose using ILs.publishe

Protein detection using hydrogel-based molecularly imprinted polymers integrated with dual polarisation interferometry

A polyacrylamide-based molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was prepared for bovine haemoglobin (BHb). A 3 mg/ml solution of BHb was injected over a dual polarisation interferometer (DPI) sensor to form a physisorbed layer typically of 3.5 ± 0.5 nm thickness. Onto the pre-adsorbed protein layer, MIP and NIP (non-imprinted polymer) were separately injected to monitor the interaction of BHb MIP or NIP particles under different loading conditions with the pre-adsorbed protein layer. In the case of NIP flowing of the protein layer, there was negligible surface stripping of the pre-adsorbed protein. When a protein-eluted sample of MIP particles was flowed over a pre-adsorbed protein layer on the sensor chip, the sensor detected significant decreases in both layer thickness and mass, suggestive that protein was being selectively bound to MIP after being stripped-off from the sensor surface. We also integrated thin-film MIPS for BHb and BSA onto the DPI sensor surface and were able to show that whereas BHb bound selectively and strongly to the BHb MIP thin film (resulting in a sustained increase in thickness and mass), the BHb protein only demonstrated transient and reversible binding on the BSA MIP. MIPs were also tested after biofouling with plasma or serum at various dilutions. We found that serum at 1/100 dilution allowed the MIP to still function selectively. This is the first demonstration of MIPs being integrated with DPI in the development of synthetic receptor-based optical protein sensors. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Exogenous Ketones Lower Blood Glucose Level in Rested and Exercised Rodent Models.

Diseases involving inflammation and oxidative stress can be exacerbated by high blood glucose levels. Due to tight metabolic regulation, safely reducing blood glucose can prove difficult. The ketogenic diet (KD) reduces absolute glucose and insulin, while increasing fatty acid oxidation, ketogenesis, and circulating levels of β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB), acetoacetate (AcAc), and acetone. Compliance to KD can be difficult, so alternative therapies that help reduce glucose levels are needed. Exogenous ketones provide an alternative method to elevate blood ketone levels without strict dietary requirements. In this study, we tested the changes in blood glucose and ketone (βHB) levels in response to acute, sub-chronic, and chronic administration of various ketogenic compounds in either a post-exercise or rested state. WAG/Rij (WR) rats, a rodent model of human absence epilepsy, GLUT1 deficiency syndrome mice (GLUT1D), and wild type Sprague Dawley rats (SPD) were assessed. Non-pathological animals were also assessed across different age ranges. Experimental groups included KD, standard diet (SD) supplemented with water (Control, C) or with exogenous ketones: 1, 3-butanediol (BD), βHB mineral salt (KS), KS with medium chain triglyceride/MCT (KSMCT), BD acetoacetate diester (KE), KE with MCT (KEMCT), and KE with KS (KEKS). In rested WR rats, the KE, KS, KSMCT groups had lower blood glucose level after 1 h of treatment, and in KE and KSMCT groups after 24 h. After exercise, the KE, KSMCT, KEKS, and KEMCT groups had lowered glucose levels after 1 h, and in the KEKS and KEMCT groups after 7 days, compared to control. In GLUT1D mice without exercise, only KE resulted in significantly lower glucose levels at week 2 and week 6 during a 10 weeks long chronic feeding study. In 4-month and 1-year-old SPD rats in the post-exercise trials, blood glucose was significantly lower in KD and KE, and in KEMCT groups, respectively. After seven days, the KSMCT group had the most significantly reduced blood glucose levels, compared to control. These results indicate that exogenous ketones were efficacious in reducing blood glucose levels within and outside the context of exercise in various rodent models of different ages, with and without pathology

Chemiluminescence of the Reaction System Ce(IV) - Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Containing Europium(III) Ions and its Application to the Determination of Naproxen in Pharmaceutical Preparations and Urine

The chemiluminescence (CL) of oxidation of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) by Ce(IV) ions, was recorded in the presence and absence europium(III) ions, in solution of pH ~ 4 of solution. Kinetic curves and CL emission spectra of the all studied systems were discussed. CL of measurable intensity was observed in the Ce(IV)–NP–Eu(III) reaction system only in acidic solutions. The CL spectrum rcegistered for this system shows emission bands, typical of Eu(III) ions, with maximum at λ ~ 600 nm. The chemiluminescent method, based on Eu(III) emission in reaction system of NP-Ce(IV)–Eu(III) in acid solution was therefore used for the determination of naproxen in mixture of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Expression and Differential Responsiveness of Central Nervous System Glial Cell Populations to the Acute Phase Protein Serum Amyloid A

Acute-phase response is a systemic reaction to environmental/inflammatory insults and involves hepatic production of acute-phase proteins, including serum amyloid A (SAA). Extrahepatically, SAA immunoreactivity is found in axonal myelin sheaths of cortex in Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis (MS), although its cellular origin is unclear. We examined the responses of cultured rat cortical astrocytes, microglia and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) to master pro-inflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-\u3b1 and lipopolysaccaride (LPS). TNF-\u3b1 time-dependently increased Saa1 (but not Saa3) mRNA expression in purified microglia, enriched astrocytes, and OPCs (as did LPS for microglia and astrocytes). Astrocytes depleted of microglia were markedly less responsive to TNF-\u3b1 and LPS, even after re-addition of microglia. Microglia and enriched astrocytes showed complementary Saa1 expression profiles following TNF-\u3b1 or LPS challenge, being higher in microglia with TNF-\u3b1 and higher in astrocytes with LPS. Recombinant human apo-SAA stimulated production of both inflammatory mediators and its own mRNA in microglia and enriched, but not microglia-depleted astrocytes. Co-ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide/luteolin, an established anti-inflammatory/neuroprotective agent, reduced Saa1 expression in OPCs subjected to TNF-\u3b1 treatment. These last data, together with past findings suggest that co-ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide/luteolin may be a novel approach in the treatment of inflammatory demyelinating disorders like MS

Serum amyloid A primes microglia for ATP-dependent interleukin-1\u3b2 release

Acute-phase response is a systemic reaction to environmental/inflammatory insults and involves production of acute-phase proteins, including serum amyloid A (SAA). Interleukin-1\u3b2 (IL-1\u3b2), a master regulator of neuroinflammation produced by activated inflammatory cells of the myeloid lineage, in particular microglia, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic diseases of the peripheral nervous system and CNS. IL-1\u3b2 release is promoted by ATP acting at the purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) in cells primed with toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands