Place and Role of Food Security in Formation of Economic Security

The goal of the article lies in the study of the place and role of food security in formation of economic security of Ukraine. Analysing scientific works of scientists, the article considers the essence, levels and components of economic security of Ukraine. In the result of the study the authors reveal the essence of economic security of a household, enterprise and state and also identifies their interrelation and impact on the national economic security. The article considers economic security in three aspects: state, process and system. It studies the essence of food security and identifies the role of the agro-food complex in its formation and also establishes the role of the agro-food complex in the state economy. It considers main indicators that identify food security at the households, regions and state levels and identifies their impact on formation of economic security of households, regions and state. It offers directions of ensuring food security and, consequently, economic security of the state

The influence of the crisis on corporate governance and its legislative regulation: evidence from Ukraine

The crisis caused by COVID-19 pandemic has affected the world community, changed the usual way of operating and managing each organization. The article aims to outline possible ways to optimize corporate management in crisis conditions in Ukraine. Based on the statistical methods the influence of COVID-19 pandemic on the activity of organisations in these conditions in Ukraine was determined, thus, this period was characterized by enterprises’ income fall, growing share of dismissed employees, new challenges for administrative staff in the area of innovation and change management etc. The most significant factors influencing the organization's crisis management were classified: negative (economic loss, lack of working capital, lack of demand for the products of the company, reducing staff, closing the economic areas that affect the company's operations, interruptions in the work of contractors) and positive (ensuring the stability of wages, changes in labor legislation, management flexibility, development of new forms of business, improving communication between the administration of the organization and the state). Determined that optimize crisis management organization possible through the implementation of management, economic and legislative measures. The optimization of crisis management of the organization will lead to economic development and preservation of human capital in the country

Pedagogical conditions for the formation of an effective information and learning environment in higher education institutions

У статті розглянуто інформаційне освітнє середовище як компонент цілісної освітньої системи закладу вищої освіти. Встановлено головну функцію ІОС – забезпечення взаємоузгодженого функціонування суб’єктів освітньої діяльності. Введено поняття «ефективне ІОС». Воно визначається як здатність до забезпечення якісного взаємоузгодженого функціонування здобувачів освіти, викладачів та ІОС як мережевого суб’єкта навчального процесу. Виявлено педагогічні умови ефективного функціонування інформаційного освітнього середовища як мережевого суб’єкта навчального процесу. А саме: наявність чітко структурованої системи ІОС як мережевого суб’єкта навчальної взаємодії; цілеспрямована підготовка здобувачів освіти до вільного оперування інформаційно-комунікаційними засобами навчання; вдосконалення ІК-компетентності науково-педагогічних працівників щодо впровадження методів навчання, які базуються на сучасних інформаційно-комп’ютерних технологіях. Розроблено та експериментально підтверджено ефективність запропонованої методичної системи вдосконалення ІТ-компетентності науково-педагогічних працівників ЗВО. Домінуючими при її конструюванні є такі підходи: холістичний, компетентнісно-футурологічний, андрагогічний та наративно-цифровий. Системотвірним чинником є ідея моделювання контенту на основі поєднання ключових компетентностей ХХІ століття «4 С» (критичне мислення, креативність, колаборативність, комунікативність) з цифровою компетентністю та вміннями прогнозування можливостей розвитку певного освітнього середовища у майбутньому. Засвоєння матеріалу науково-методичного семінару на тему «Використання діяльнісних компонентів та онлайн-комунікацій системи Moodle» розглядається як елемент неформальної освіти викладачів. Розроблено критеріальний апарат визначення ефективності її впровадження (реалізація третьої умови): суб’єктивні та об’єктивні критерії та показники. Зазначено, що для визначення якості змістового контенту доцільно використовувати критерій «дидактичної якості».The article deals with the information and learning environment as a component of integral training system of the educational system in higher education institutions. The main function of the information and learning environment, which is ensuring the coordinated functioning of subjects of educational activity, has been established. The concept of «effective information and learning environment» has been introduced. It is defined as the ability to ensure high-quality, mutually coordinated functioning of students, teachers and information and learning environment as a network subject of the educational process. The pedagogical conditions for the effective functioning of the information and learning environment as a network subject of the educational process have been identified , namely: existence of vividly structured system of information and learning environment as the subject of the educational interaction with taking into consideration its hierarchical links to other components of the educational process in higher education institutions; purposeful training of students for the fluent operation of information and communication tools; improvement of the IT competence of research and teaching staff in the implementation of teaching methods based on modern information and computer technologies. The effectiveness of the suggested methodological system for the improving the IT competence of research and teaching staff of higher education institutions has been developed and experimentally confirmed. The following approaches are considered to be dominant in its construction: holistic, competence-futurological, andragogical and narrative-digital. The core idea is the idea of content modelling based on the combination of key competences of the 21st century «4 С» (critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, communication) with digital competence and the ability to predict the possibilities of developing a modern educational environment in the future. The basis of the methodological system is the introduction of a scientific and methodological seminar on the topic «The Use of activity components and online communications of the Moodle system», which is considered to be an element of non-formal education of teachers. Criterion apparatus of the determining of the effectiveness of its introduction has been developed: subjective and objective criteria and indicators. It has been determined that it is appropriate to use the «didactic quality» criterion to determine the quality of content

Methodology of designing computer ontology of subject discipline by future teachers-engineers

The article deals with the problem of the methodology of designing computer ontology of the subject discipline by the future teachers-engineers in the field of computer technologies. The scheme of ontology of the subject discipline is presented in which the set of concepts of the future computer ontology and the set of relations between them are represented. The main criteria of the choice of systems of computer ontologies for designing computer ontology of the subject discipline: software architecture and tools development; interoperability; intuitive interface are established. The selection of techniques for designing ontologies using computer ontology systems is carried out. The algorithm of designing computer ontology of the subject discipline by the future teachers-engineers in the field of computer technologies is proposed

Методика проектування комп'ютерної онтології предметної дисципліни майбутніми інженерами-педагогами

The article deals with the problem of the methodology of designing computer ontology of the subject discipline by the future teachers-engineers in the field of computer technologies. The scheme of ontology of the subject discipline is presented in which the set of concepts of the future computer ontology and the set of relations between them are represented. The main criteria of the choice of systems of computer ontologies for designing computer ontology of the subject discipline: software architecture and tools development; interoperability; intuitive interface are established. The selection of techniques for designing ontologies using computer ontology systems is carried out. The algorithm of designing computer ontology of the subject discipline by the future teachers-engineers in the field of computer technologies is proposed.У статті розглянуто проблему методології проектування комп’ютерної онтології предметної дисципліни майбутніми інженерами-педагогами у галузі комп’ютерних технологій. Представлена схема онтології предметної дисципліни, в якій представлена сукупність понять майбутньої комп’ютерної онтології та сукупність відносин між ними. Основні критерії вибору систем комп’ютерних онтологій для проектування комп'ютерної онтології предметної дисципліни: архітектура програмного забезпечення та розробка інструментів; сумісність; інтуїтивно зрозумілий інтерфейс. Здійснено вибір методів проектування онтологій за допомогою комп'ютерних онтологічних систем. Запропоновано алгоритм проектування комп’ютерної онтології предметної дисципліни майбутніми інженерами-педагогами у галузі комп’ютерних технологій

AUTOMATED SYSTEM OF FUZZY IDENTIFICATION OF EXPERT’S COMPETENCE FOR ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF PEDAGOGICAL PHENOMENA AND PROCESSES

The article describes the problem of the application of the theory of fuzzy sets to describe the indicators of expert assessment by using linguistic variables instead of numerals or in addition to them. An automated fuzzy system of Sugeno has been developed for determining the competence of an expert. Its input variables are six factors: work experience, academic degree, if any, publications, justification of position as to the discussed problem, knowledge of the achievements in the relevant sphere, knowledge of the essence and objects of work of specialists of a certain area. Simple relations between variables are described using fuzzy statements, complex relationships are described by fuzzy algorithms. In the Simulink environment a fuzzy controller was built on the basis of Sugeno FIS-system, optimized using the anfis function. Testing the controller on a test selection proves the functional suitability of the developed model

PRECONDITIONS OF INTRODUCTION OF COMPUTER-ORIENTED MEANS OF EDUCATION IN PEDAGOGICAL COLLEGES

The topical issues of introduction of means of information-communication technologies in the process of teacher training in pedagogical college with use of essentially new ways of informative activity are considered. On the basis of the researches spent in pedagogical colleges of Kyiv, the process of working out and introduction of new training courses is analyzed

Assessing the Dynamics of Both the Global and Ukrainian Markets of Woodworking Industry Products

The article analyzes the dynamics of both the global and Ukrainian markets of woodworking products. The commodity structure of trade in wood products is analyzed by the following types: roundwood, business roundwood, fuel wood, lumber, veneer, plywood, sheet materials, chipboards, particle boards, tentative chipboards, wood fiber boards, and solid wood boards. The dynamics of both the global and Ukrainian markets of woodworking industry products is compared by the following indicators: production volume, exports, imports, domestic consumption, export orientation, and import dependence. The comparative competitive advantages of Ukrainian woodworking products with those of other countries are identified. The carried out study has shown that the development of the Ukrainian woodworking industry markets is largely in line with global trends. Among the types of woodworking products in Ukraine, the following mainly correspond to global trends: lumber, veneer, wood-based panels, chipboards, wood-fiber boards and solid wood boards, with the growth rates of production and market capacity of these types of products exceeding the global-marketed ones. The types of woodworking products that did not fully meet global trends included roundwood, business roundwood, fuel wood, plywood, and oriented strand boards, which were characterized by a decline in exports and imports, as well as fluctuations in production and market capacity. Both the global and Ukrainian markets saw a decline in sales of low-value-added wood products and a moderate increase in high value-added products. In Ukraine, only two types of woodworking products – lumber and veneer – increased their export orientation, but these products also saw a significant increase in import dependence. The strongest rates of decline in export orientation were observed in the following types of woodworking products: business roundwood (86.6%), roundwood (48.5%), wood fiber boards (39.9%), fuel wood (36.2%), and solid wood boards (25.3%), while these products also saw a significant decrease in import dependence. Taking into account the trends in the global wood products market, the ways to ensure the development of the woodworking industry in Ukraine in the postwar period are allocate

Optimization of the Production Plan by Three-criterion Modeling

The object of research is the processes of optimizing the production plan according to certain criteria by modeling. One of the most problematic places is the complexity of coordination and taking into account the influence of criteria on the optimal production plan. From the point of view of mathematics, the search for the optimal result can be obtained with different criteria laid down, but from an economic point of view it is important to choose those that are of decisive importance. That is, their weight is important for the consumer in deciding on a purchase and for the manufacturer – in terms of the production capabilities of certain types of products and performance (production efficiency). This problem was solved by solving the three-criterion problem of planning production. The search for a compromise alternative was achieved through a step-by-step solution of the proposed mathematical model for optimizing the production plan according to the most important criteria for the producer and consumer: profit, quality and demand for products of each type, taking into account the known number of units of each resource.The ideal point method, the simplex method and the Lagrange multiplier method are used. The test example provides an algorithm for solving the optimization problem. The result obtained – the three-criterion task of production planning has been solved, which makes it possible to maximize profit from production, product quality and demand for products with known initial resource components. The importance/significance of the developed scientific and methodological approach is confirmed/argued by the fact that the achievement of effective results of the enterprise's activity directly depends on the optimal production plan.Given the results of the conducted research, out of the many possible alternatives, the enterprise will be able to most efficiently produce the products necessary for the consumer by type and quality. That is, with known resource parameters, the maximum possible positive result is achieved for the manufacturer and for the consumer.The proposed economic and mathematical tools can be used in solving problems of optimizing production in various sectors of the economy