A Dual Mesh Method for a Non-Local Thermistor Problem

We use a dual mesh numerical method to study a non-local parabolic problem arising from the well-known thermistor problem.Comment: Published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA

Effet de l’Ancrage des Anticipations d’Inflation Sous le Régime Intérimaire du Taux de Change au Maroc

L'objectif de ce travail de recherche est de modéliser les mécanismes qui influent sur l'ancrage des anticipations d'inflation dans deux contextes de régime de change distincts : le régime intérimaire en cours au Maroc et un régime de change flottant, simulé à travers un calibrage contrefactuel du modèle. Cette modélisation vise à offrir une compréhension approfondie des facteurs sous-jacents à l'effet de l'ancrage des anticipations d'inflation dans ces deux cadres, permettant ainsi d'analyser et de comparer les dynamiques économiques associées à chaque régime. En effet, cet article démontre que, sous le régime de change intérimaire qu’adopte le Maroc, l’ancrage des anticipations d’inflation, en dépit d’être un gage de la crédibilité de la politique monétaire, entraine un désalignement du Dirham en termes réels suite à un choc d’offre exogène. Cette causalité est déduite des résultats des simulations effectuées dans le cadre d’un modèle d’équilibre général dynamique, stochastique, semi-structurel et calibré pour le cas du Maroc. En effet, les simulations menées sous les calibrages factuel et contrefactuel permettent de graduer l’ancrage des anticipations d’inflation et de scénariser les effets de propagation du choc et le processus d’ajustement macroéconomique sous deux régimes de change, intérimaire et flottant. Ce faisant, les réponses impulsionnelles issues de ces simulations indiquent que le désalignement du taux de change réel, dont la durée s’étend sur le long terme, s’explique par la dérive du niveau général des prix, observée uniquement en présence d’un parfait ancrage des anticipations d’inflation, conjugué à la politique de stabilisation du taux de change nominal sous le régime intérimaire. Alors que cette déviation est compensée par une dérive conséquente du taux de change nominal sous le régime flottant, elle ne l’est point sous le régime intérimaire et finit par incliner la phase de récession et retarder la reprise économique. Dans cette perspective, le présent article prône un passage vers le flottement qui soit ratifié de la crédibilité de la politique monétaire, à travers l’ancrage des anticipations d’inflation, sachant que cet ancrage produit un effet récessif dans le régime intérimaire.   The objective of this research work is to model the mechanisms that influence the anchoring of inflation expectations in two distinct exchange rate regime contexts: the current interim regime in Morocco and a floating exchange rate regime, simulated through a counterfactual calibration of the model. This modeling aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the factors underlying the effect of anchoring inflation expectations in these two frameworks, thus making it possible to analyze and compare the economic dynamics associated with each regime. In fact, this article demonstrates that, under the interim regime adopted by Morocco, the anchoring of inflation expectations, despite being a guarantee of the credibility of monetary policy, leads to a misalignment of the real exchange rate following a supply shock. This causality is deduced from the simulations within the framework of a dynamic, stochastic, semi-structural general equilibrium model calibrated for the case of Morocco. Indeed, the simulations carried out under the factual and counterfactual calibrations make it possible to graduate inflation expectations anchoring and to script the propagation of the shock and the macroeconomic adjustment process under two exchange rate regimes. The impulse responses resulting from these simulations indicate that the misalignment of the Dirham in real terms, the duration of which extends over the long term, is explained by the drift in the general price level observed only in the presence of a perfect anchoring of inflation expectations, combined with the policy of stabilizing the nominal exchange rate under the interim regime. While this deviation is offset by a significant drift in the nominal exchange rate under the floating regime, it is not offset under the interim regime and ends up tilting the recession phase and delaying economic recovery. From this perspective, this article advocates a move towards floating which is ratified by the credibility of monetary policy, through the anchoring of inflation expectations, knowing that this anchoring produces a recessive effect in the interim regime

L’Effet Récessif de l’Ancrage des Anticipations d’Inflation sous le Régime Intérimaire du Taux de Change au Maroc

Cet article démontre que, sous le régime de change intérimaire qu’adopte le Maroc, l’ancrage des anticipations d’inflation, en dépit d’être un gage de la crédibilité de la politique monétaire, entraine un désalignement du Dirham en termes réels suite à un choc d’offre exogène. Cette causalité est déduite des résultats des simulations effectuées dans le cadre d’un modèle d’équilibre général dynamique, stochastique, semi-structurel et calibré pour le cas du Maroc. En effet, les simulations menées sous les calibrages factuel et contrefactuel permettent de graduer l’ancrage des anticipations d’inflation et de scénariser les effets de propagation du choc et le processus d’ajustement macroéconomique sous deux régimes de change, intérimaire et flottant. Ce faisant, les réponses impulsionnelles issues de ces simulations indiquent que le désalignement du taux de change réel, dont la durée s’étend sur le long terme, s’explique par la dérive du niveau général des prix observée uniquement en présence d’un parfait ancrage des anticipations d’inflation, conjugué à la politique de stabilisation du taux de change nominal sous le régime intérimaire. Alors que cette dérive est compensée par une dérive conséquente du taux de change nominal sous le régime flottant, elle ne l’est point sous le régime intérimaire et finit par incliner la phase de récession et retarder la reprise économique. Dans cette perspective, le présent article prône un passage vers le flottement qui soit ratifié de la crédibilité de la politique monétaire, à travers l’ancrage des anticipations d’inflation, sachant que cet ancrage produit un effet récessif dans le régime intérimaire.   This article demonstrates that, under the interim regime adopted by Morocco, the anchoring of inflation expectations, despite being a guarantee of the credibility of monetary policy, leads to a misalignment of the real exchange rate following a supply shock. This causality is deduced from the simulations within the framework of a dynamic, stochastic, semi-structural general equilibrium model calibrated for the case of Morocco. Indeed, the simulations carried out under the factual and counterfactual calibrations make it possible to graduate inflation expectations anchoring and to script the propagation of the shock and the macroeconomic adjustment process under two exchange rate regimes. The impulse responses resulting from these simulations indicate that the misalignment of the Dirham in real terms, the duration of which extends over the long term, is explained by the drift in the general price level observed only in the presence of a perfect anchoring of inflation expectations, combined with the policy of stabilizing the nominal exchange rate under the interim regime. While this drift is offset by a significant drift in the nominal exchange rate under the floating regime, it is not offset under the interim regime and ends up tilting the recession phase and delaying economic recovery. From this perspective, this article advocates a move towards floating which is ratified by the credibility of monetary policy, through the anchoring of inflation expectations, knowing that this anchoring produces a recessive effect in the interim regime

L’Effet Récessif de l’Ancrage des Anticipations d’Inflation sous le Régime Intérimaire du Taux de Change au Maroc

Cet article démontre que, sous le régime de change intérimaire qu’adopte le Maroc, l’ancrage des anticipations d’inflation, en dépit d’être un gage de la crédibilité de la politique monétaire, entraine un désalignement du Dirham en termes réels suite à un choc d’offre exogène. Cette causalité est déduite des résultats des simulations effectuées dans le cadre d’un modèle d’équilibre général dynamique, stochastique, semi-structurel et calibré pour le cas du Maroc. En effet, les simulations menées sous les calibrages factuel et contrefactuel permettent de graduer l’ancrage des anticipations d’inflation et de scénariser les effets de propagation du choc et le processus d’ajustement macroéconomique sous deux régimes de change, intérimaire et flottant. Ce faisant, les réponses impulsionnelles issues de ces simulations indiquent que le désalignement du taux de change réel, dont la durée s’étend sur le long terme, s’explique par la dérive du niveau général des prix observée uniquement en présence d’un parfait ancrage des anticipations d’inflation, conjugué à la politique de stabilisation du taux de change nominal sous le régime intérimaire. Alors que cette dérive est compensée par une dérive conséquente du taux de change nominal sous le régime flottant, elle ne l’est point sous le régime intérimaire et finit par incliner la phase de récession et retarder la reprise économique. Dans cette perspective, le présent article prône un passage vers le flottement qui soit ratifié de la crédibilité de la politique monétaire, à travers l’ancrage des anticipations d’inflation, sachant que cet ancrage produit un effet récessif dans le régime intérimaire.   This article demonstrates that, under the interim regime adopted by Morocco, the anchoring of inflation expectations, despite being a guarantee of the credibility of monetary policy, leads to a misalignment of the real exchange rate following a supply shock. This causality is deduced from the simulations within the framework of a dynamic, stochastic, semi-structural general equilibrium model calibrated for the case of Morocco. Indeed, the simulations carried out under the factual and counterfactual calibrations make it possible to graduate inflation expectations anchoring and to script the propagation of the shock and the macroeconomic adjustment process under two exchange rate regimes. The impulse responses resulting from these simulations indicate that the misalignment of the Dirham in real terms, the duration of which extends over the long term, is explained by the drift in the general price level observed only in the presence of a perfect anchoring of inflation expectations, combined with the policy of stabilizing the nominal exchange rate under the interim regime. While this drift is offset by a significant drift in the nominal exchange rate under the floating regime, it is not offset under the interim regime and ends up tilting the recession phase and delaying economic recovery. From this perspective, this article advocates a move towards floating which is ratified by the credibility of monetary policy, through the anchoring of inflation expectations, knowing that this anchoring produces a recessive effect in the interim regime

A Miniature RFID Antenna at UHF Band using Meander-Line Technique

This paper displays a new design of a small antenna proposed for radio-frequency identification (RFID) applications in the UHF band (ultra-high frequency). Our antenna is constituted of two rectangular patches linked together with a meander line. Using this technique reduction in antenna size of equal to 62% with respect to the conventional antenna was achieved. The antenna has a simple structure and small antenna size of 60 x 74mm2 or 0.184 λ0 x 0.226 λ0. It has been fabricated on a low-cost FR4 substrate and measured to validate the simulation performances.The measured bandwidth is around 54.4 MHz (889.3 - 943.7 MHz) with reflection coefficient less than 10 dB, which covers all of the American RFID band (902 - 928 MHz), Chinese RFID band (920.5 - 924.5 MHz), Korea Republic and Japan RFID band ( 917 - 923.5 MHz).The design and simulations have been effected by electromagnetic simulators HFSS and CST microwave studio. A good accord is getting between the simulated and measured results. This antenna is intended for the reader of RFID applications

Evaluation de l’antibioprophylaxie en chirurgie urologique au sein de l’Hôpital Militaire Moulay Ismail de Meknès L’antibioprophylaxie en urologie

No Abstrac

XMCD studies and magnetic properties of ZnTe doped with Ti, Cr, Mn and Co

Using the full potential linear augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method as implemented in the WIEN2K code in connection with the Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA). We study the magnetic properties of ZnTe doped with some transition metals elements. In addition, to the X-ray absorption spectra (XAS) and X-ray Magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) calculations to compute the orbital and spin moments separately. Two principal examples will be given: The induced magnetic moments ZnTe of the light and heavy 3d elements (Ti, Cr and Mn, Co) can be determined by the XMCD sum rules analysis at the L2,3 edges. Moreover, it has been found that for the lighter 3d elements the spin-orbit splitting of the transitions 2P1/2 and 2P3/2 states reduces toward, which has a consequence that two excitations are coupled

Pb et As dans des eaux alcalines minières : contamination, comportement et risques (mine abandonnée de Zeïda, Maroc)

Des échantillons d’eau et de matière en suspension ont été prélevés le long de l’oued Moulouya et dans des lacs de carrière au niveau de l’ancien centre minier de Zeïda (Haute Moulouya, Maroc) en vue d’en évaluer la salubrité. Il est en effet important d’établir le degré et les causes éventuelles de dégradation de la qualité de ces eaux, compte tenu de leur usage à des fins tant domestiques qu’agricoles. Des résidus de traitement ont également été échantillonnés dans les haldes abandonnées.L’analyse des distributions et des variations spatio-temporelles des concentrations de Pb et As a permis de mettre en évidence que le centre minier a véritablement un impact sur la qualité des eaux de surface environnantes, malgré le caractère neutre à alcalin du drainage. Aucune ne rejoint les critères de l’Organisation mondiale de la santé en matière de Pb et As dans l’eau potable (10 µg/L), mais près de la moitié souscrit aux normes marocaines (50 µg/L). L’importance de la dégradation varie selon la saison et la localité, et le contraste entre sites a priori non dégradés et sites dégradés n’est pas toujours très prononcé. On observe même des variations à l’inverse des tendances attendues. Les résultats peuvent cependant être réconciliés en tenant compte de l’importance du transport particulaire par rapport au transport dissous au moment et au lieu de l’échantillonnage.Il appert que les minéralisations et les résidus miniers restés sur place peuvent constituer la principale source de pollution des eaux de surface de la région de Zeïda.The Upper Moulouya Basin was the location of extensive lead mining between 1930 and 1985, with three major operations near Aouli, Mibladen and Zeïda. The Moulouya drains about 7.5% of the Moroccan territory and provides drinking and irrigation water to many communities over its more than 500 km path. It is thus important to determine the impact of past mining activities on its water quality, since the mining sites were abandoned with little or no rehabilitation. This paper focuses on the Zeïda area, the uppermost of these mining centres on the Moulouya.About 630,172 t of lead concentrates (40‑70% Pb) were produced between 1972 and 1985 at Zeïda. Lead was mined from carbonate and sulphide mineral deposits (cerussite, 70%; galena, 30%) mixed with barite in stratiform ore bodies hosted by Permo-Triassic arkoses. Mining left 12 Mt and 70 Mt of tailings and wastes in fully exposed piles on each side of the Moulouya, as well as a dozen water-filled open-stopes. Mine drainage is of neutral pH, thanks to the low content of residual sulphide minerals and the availability of carbonate in the tailings and host rock. The river and some quarry-lakes are tapped to fulfill domestic, agricultural and stock-breeding needs. One lake is used to directly feed Zeïda’s water network (pop. 3,000), without any water treatment.The Moulouya, upstream and downstream of Zeïda, and four lakes were sampled twice in 2002 (dry period: February; wet period: April). Temperature, electric conductivity (EC), Eh and pH were measured in the field. Samples were filtered through 0.45 µm membranes. The filtrates were preserved with 4% HNO3 and kept at 4°C until analysis. The filters and their particulate fraction, as well as a composite sample of the tailings, were dried and kept dry until dissolution and analysis. All measurements were performed by ICP-MS and capillary electrophoresis analyses.Lead and arsenic are well above « normal » concentrations in the tailings, at 5,547 g/t and 192 g/t, respectively. These elements are clear threats to population health, since dust from unstabilized tailings can be dispersed by wind and rain waters, contaminating agricultural soils and surface waters, and eventually leading to cases of saturnism or arsenical intoxication in the population. All Pb and As concentrations measured in the waters sampled are above the World Health Organisation criteria for drinking water (10 µg/L for Pb and As). Nevertheless, about half of these measurements meet the Moroccan criteria (50 µg/L). All samples show near neutral or slightly basic pH values (7.2-8.9). EC is also high (> 1,000 µS/cm).As and Pb are largely associated with the particulate fraction (> 80% of total As and Pb), except for As in two lakes (< 40%). Overall, their concentrations are higher in the Zeïda area than upstream in the Moulouya. However, this is a tendency rather than a rule, because the differences are often small (< 50%) and suffer exceptions. For instance, Pb concentrations are 60% lower than the so-called uncontaminated reference station, in two quarry-lakes sampled during the wet period. The occasional lack of significant and consistent contrast between an obviously degraded environment and a pristine site was unexpected. The results were therefore further investigated, in order to identify possible explanations for the apparent discrepancies.Coherency in the data set emerges when one considers the relative importance of dissolved and particulate transport in the various types of environments sampled. Using this interpretation scheme, EC is considered as an indicator of solute transportation, since EC is a function of dissolved ionic components. Total Pb is regarded as an indicator of particulate transportation, since Pb is strongly adsorbed to particulate substrates at the pH observed. Following these assumptions, particulate transport appears to dominate over dissolved transportation in the Moulouya. Total Pb increases by factors of 3.4 and 9.8 from dry to wet periods, whereas EC decreases by 0.7-0.8, as a result of rain dilution. In two of the four lakes, dissolved transport is comparatively more important, since EC does not change significantly and total Pb shows only a small increase from the dry to the wet period. In these lakes, the dissolved input during the rainy period appears to be large enough to keep EC at its previous value, without significant dilution, as opposed to what is going on in the Moulouya. In the two other lakes, both EC and total Pb decrease from the dry to the wet period, pointing to dilution effects greater than either dissolved or particulate mobilization.Apparent discrepancies in the intensity and direction of variations are explained when prevailing modes of dispersion are taken into account. For instance, the enrichment factor of total Pb in the Moulouya, downstream of Zeïda, jumps from 1.1 (dry) to 3.2 (wet), with respect to the reference station. Meanwhile, EC increases only from 1.2 (dry) to 1.5 (wet). The greater increase of total Pb over EC is explained by prevalent particulate transport. In another case, the enrichment of EC with respect to the reference station, in two lakes, increases from 14.2 and 20.4 (dry) to 20.1 and 27.9 (wet) while total Pb enrichment decreases from 2.0 and 2.0 (dry) to 1.6 and 1.3 (wet). Here, the prevalence of dissolved transport in these two lakes, combined with particulate transport at the reference station, allow for a strong increase in the EC parameter, concurrent with a weak increase in total Pb. Finally, in the lakes where both dissolved and particulate transport are presumably minor, total Pb undergoes enrichment with respect to the reference station, in the dry period (by 3.4 and 1.8), whereas depletion characterizes the wet period (0.6 in both lakes). In this case, enrichment is likely the result of evaporation during the dry season, and depletion the result of dilution by rain during the wet period. These two types of lake behave differently because they are located next to residual mineral deposits (likely with more soluble phases), have short travel distances and thus fewer contacts with adsorbing substrates, which is not the case for the other two lakes

Leiomyosarcome Du Cordon Spermatique

Introduction: Leiomyosarcoma of the spermatic cord is a rare tumor, develops from the mesenchymal tissues of the spermatic cord, epididymis and&nbsp; testicular tunics. Its incidence is 0.05 to 0.1% and the occurrence in the testis is rare. In the literature, the testicular leiomyosarcoma (LST) is reported as sporadic cases or as a very limited series. In adults, most testicular sarcomas are the result of a sarcomatous transformation of germ cell tumors (GCT) especially teratomas and spermatocytic sarcomas.Observation: We report on a pure paratesticular leiomyosarcoma and we present the histological, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of this rare tumor