Nuevas citas en Elaeocarpaceae, Escalloniaceae, Orchidaceae, Polypodiaceae y Pteridaceae para la flora de la provincia de Jujuy (Argentina)

As part of a study on the flora and vegetation from different localities in the phytogeographic province of the Yungas, we record and illustrate seven species that have not been previously reported for the Province of Jujuy (Argentina): Vallea stipularis (Elaeocarpaceae), Escallonia schreiteri(Escalloniaceae), Cyclopogon congestus, Rhinocidium fuchsii, Sacoila secundiflora (Orchidaceae), Campyloneurum angustipaleatum (Polypodiaceae) and Adiantum camptorachis (Pteridaceae)En el marco de un estudio de flora y vegetación realizado en la Provincia Fitogeográfica de las Yungas, se citan e ilustran siete especies que no habían sido registradas para la provincia de Jujuy (Argentina): Vallea stipularis (Elaeocarpaceae), Escallonia schreiteri (Escalloniaceae), Cyclopogon congestus, Rhinocidium fuchsii, Sacoila secundiflora (Orchidaceae), Campyloneurum angustipaleatum (Polypodiaceae) y Adiantum camptorachis (Pteridaceae)

The Efficacy and Effectiveness of Education for Preventing and Treating Non-Specific Low Back Pain in the Hispanic Cultural Setting: A Systematic Review

[EN] A systematic review was conducted to assess the efficacy and effectiveness of education programs to prevent and treat low back pain (LBP) in the Hispanic cultural setting. Electronic and manual searches identified 1148 unique references. Nine randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included in this review. Methodological quality assessment and data extraction followed the recommendations from the Cochrane Back Pain Review Group. Education programs which were assessed focused on active management (3 studies), postural hygiene (7), exercise (4) and pain neurophysiology (1). Comparators were no intervention, usual care, exercise, other types of education, and different combinations of these procedures. Five RCTs had a low risk of bias. Results show that: (a) education programs in the school setting can transmit potentially useful knowledge for LBP prevention and (b) education programs for patients with LBP improve the outcomes of usual care, especially in terms of disability. Education on pain neurophysiology improves the results of education on exercise, and education on active management is more effective than “sham” education and education on postural hygiene. Future studies should assess the comparative or summatory effects of education on exercise, education on pain neurophysiology and education on active management, as well as explore their efficiency.S

The Efficacy and Effectiveness of Education for Preventing and Treating Non-Specific Low Back Pain in the Hispanic Cultural Setting: A Systematic Review

A systematic review was conducted to assess the efficacy and effectiveness of education programs to prevent and treat low back pain (LBP) in the Hispanic cultural setting. Electronic and manual searches identified 1148 unique references. Nine randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included in this review. Methodological quality assessment and data extraction followed the recommendations from the Cochrane Back Pain Review Group. Education programs which were assessed focused on active management (3 studies), postural hygiene (7), exercise (4) and pain neurophysiology (1). Comparators were no intervention, usual care, exercise, other types of education, and different combinations of these procedures. Five RCTs had a low risk of bias. Results show that: (a) education programs in the school setting can transmit potentially useful knowledge for LBP prevention and (b) education programs for patients with LBP improve the outcomes of usual care, especially in terms of disability. Education on pain neurophysiology improves the results of education on exercise, and education on active management is more effective than “sham” education and education on postural hygiene. Future studies should assess the comparative or summatory effects of education on exercise, education on pain neurophysiology and education on active management, as well as explore their efficiency

Trojan hosts: the menace of invasive vertebrates as vectors of pathogens in the Southern Cone of South America

Invasive alien species (IAS) can act as vectors for the introduction of pathogens in ecosystems and their transmission to threatened native species (TNS), leading to biodiversity loss, population reductions and extinctions. We assessed pathogens potentially occurring in a set of IAS in the Southern Cone of South America and identified TNS potentially vulnerable to their effects. Also, we assessed how risk analysis systems proposed or adopted by national authorities in the study region value the importance of pathogens. We identified 324 pathogens in the selected IAS, which could potentially affect 202 TNS. Wild boar (Sus scrofa) was the IAS with the largest number of pathogens (91), followed by domestic dog (Canis familiaris) (62), red deer (Cervus elaphus) (58), rock dove (Columba livia) (37), American vison (Neovison vison) (18), European hare (Lepus europaeus) (17), common starling (Sturnus vulgaris) (12), common slider (Trachemys scripta) (6), and American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) (2). Most TNS were in the “vulnerable” IUCN category, followed by “endangered” and “critically endangered” species. Bacteria were the most frequently represented pathogens (112), followed by ectoparasites (78), viruses (69), protozoa and other (65). The direct effects of IAS on native wildlife are beginning to be addressed in South America, and their potential impact as pathogen spreaders to native wildlife has remained largely unexplored. Risk analysis systems associated with the introduction of IAS are scarce in this region. Although the existing systems contemplate hazard analyses for the co-introduction of pathogens, they underestimate the potential impact of diseases on TNS. Conservation efforts in the region would benefit from systems which give pathogen risk a relevant place, and from government agencies promoting targeted disease surveillance in IAS and wildlife.Fil: la Sala, Luciano Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Burgos, Julian M.. Marine And Freshwater Research Institute; IslandiaFil: Scorolli, Alberto Luis. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Grupo de Estudios en Conservación y Manejo; ArgentinaFil: VanderWaal, Kimberly. University of Minnesota; Estados UnidosFil: Zalba, Sergio Martín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Grupo de Estudios en Conservación y Manejo; Argentin

Investigación cualitativa en mujeres víctimas de violencia de género

ObjetivoAnalizar la experiencia de mujeres víctimas de la violencia de género atendidas en centros de atención primaria desde el punto de vista de las mujeres.DiseñoInvestigación cualitativa interpretativa. Perspectiva fenomenológica.EmplazamientoEstudio multicéntrico en centros de salud urbanos.ParticipantesMujeres víctimas de la violencia de género (física, psíquica, sexual)atendidas en los centros de salud. Muestreo intencional y teórico hasta el punto de saturación. Criterios de segmentación: edad (jóvenes-edad media-ancianas); maltrato actual o pasado; detección en urgencies-consultas.Mediciones principalesRelatos biográficos y análisis de contenido de la transcripción literal de las grabaciones. Codificación mediante programa NUD-IST. Utilización para la interpretación de la Teoría Fundamentada.LimitacionesComplejidad del fenómeno de estudio. Proyección de la perspectiva del investigador. Volumen ingente de datos. Se proponen estrategias para mejorar la credibilidad, la conformabilidad y la transferibilidad.Aplicabilidad prácticaMejorar el conocimiento de la situación de las mujeres víctimas de la violencia doméstica desde una perspectiva no directiva, lo que permitirá mejorar la calidad de las intervenciones.ObjectiveTo analyse, from the point of view of the women, the experience of women who are victims of male violence and attended at primary care centres.DesignInterpretative, qualitative research. Phenomenological perspective.SettingMulti-centre study in urban health centres.ParticipantsWomen victims of male violence (physical, psychological, or sexual) seen at health centres. Intention andtheoretical sampling to saturation point.Segmentation criteria: age (young/middle-aged/elderly); current or past ill-treatment; detection in casualty/consultations.Main measurementsBiographical accounts and content analysis of recordings’ literal transcription. Coding through the NUDIST programme. Use for interpreting Well-Founded Theory.LimitationsComplexity of the phenomenon under study. Projection of researcher’s perspective. Huge amount of data. Strategies are proposed for increasing credibility, conformity and transferability.Practical useTo improve understanding of the situation of women who are victims of domestic violence, from a non-directive perspective that enables the quality of interventions to be improved

A quinasa II dependiente de Ca2+/calmodulina (CaMKII) media el efecto inotrópico positivo del IGF-1 en cardiomiocitos aislados

El ejercicio físico ejerce efectos cardiovasculares beneficiosos entre los que se destaca un aumento de la contractilidad cardíaca. Es por ello que se propone al entrenamiento aeróbico como estrategia terapéutica para disminuir la morbimortalidad cardiovascular. El principal mediador de la vía de señalización disparada por el entrenamiento es el factor de crecimiento insulínico de tipo 1 (IGF-1). Sin embargo, aún no se ha dilucidado si el IGF-1 ejerce un efecto directo sobre la contractilidad y en tal caso, el mecanismo intracelular involucrado. En este sentido, ha sido propuesto que la CaMKII desempeña un papel crítico en la adaptación cardíaca contráctil al ejercicio.Facultad de Ciencias Médica

El enfoque de género en la intervención socioeducativa con mujeres: un estudio en el medio penitenciario Español

This article deals with gender socio-educational intervention programs developed with women deprived of liberty in the Spanish prison environment (in the ordinary and open regime). Thus, through a questionnaire addressed to women (N = 310), it is denoted that 49% (152 cases) have had a gender socio-educational program during their sentence. Specifically, highlight the “Ser Mujer.es” program (53% participate in prison and 4% in semi-freedom) and a group of educational courses and workshops to promote “equal opportunities between men and women” (48% participated in prison and 6% in semi-freedom). From the analysis of the data, a description of these programs is offered, analyzing their sessions, contents and usefulness through the testimonies received in the interviews with women (N = 75). On the other hand, a questionnaire addressed to the professionals who implement these programs is analyzed (N = 66), to know the usefulness, need for a gender perspective in the intervention, and the methodological and evaluative aspects. In short, the objective is to analyze the utility of gender socio-educational programs in the prison environment, according to the process of reintegration of women in semi-freedom. Thus, the “Being a woman.es” program is found to be useful for 87% of cases, highlighting social, communicative and therapeutic learning and implemented by 12.1% of professionals. These programs are configured as a vital tool for the female reintegration process

A quinasa II dependiente de Ca2+/calmodulina (CaMKII) media el efecto inotrópico positivo del IGF-1 en cardiomiocitos aislados

El ejercicio físico ejerce efectos cardiovasculares beneficiosos entre los que se destaca un aumento de la contractilidad cardíaca. Es por ello que se propone al entrenamiento aeróbico como estrategia terapéutica para disminuir la morbimortalidad cardiovascular. El principal mediador de la vía de señalización disparada por el entrenamiento es el factor de crecimiento insulínico de tipo 1 (IGF-1). Sin embargo, aún no se ha dilucidado si el IGF-1 ejerce un efecto directo sobre la contractilidad y en tal caso, el mecanismo intracelular involucrado. En este sentido, ha sido propuesto que la CaMKII desempeña un papel crítico en la adaptación cardíaca contráctil al ejercicio.Facultad de Ciencias Médica

Hypotonic swelling promotes nitric oxide release in cardiac ventricular myocytes: Impact on swelling-induced negative inotropic effect

Aims Cardiomyocyte swelling occurs in multiple pathological situations and has been associated with contractile dysfunction, cell death, and enhanced propensity to arrhythmias.We investigate whether hypotonic swelling promotes nitric oxide (NO) release in cardiomyocytes, and whether it impacts on swelling-induced contractile dysfunction. Methods and results Superfusing rat cardiomyocytes with a hypotonic solution (HS; 217 mOsm), increased cell volume, reduced myocyte contraction and Ca2+ transient, and increased NO-sensitive 4-amino-5-methylamino-2', 7'-difluorofluorescein diacetate (DAF-FM) fluorescence. When cells were exposed to HS + 2.5 mMof theNOsynthase inhibitor L-NAME, cell swelling occurred in the absence of NOrelease. Swelling-induced NO release was also prevented by the nitric oxide synthase 1 (NOS1) inhibitor, nitroguanidine, and significantly reduced in NOS1 knockout mice. Additionally, colchicine (inhibitor of microtubule polymerization) prevented the increase in DAF-FM fluorescence induced by HS, indicating that microtubule integrity is necessary for swelling-inducedNOrelease. The swelling-induced negative inotropic effectwas exacerbated in the presence of either L-NAME, nitroguandine, the guanylate cyclase inhibitor, ODQ, or the PKG inhibitor, KT5823, suggesting that NOS1-derived NO provides contractile support via a cGMP/PKG-dependent mechanism. Indeed, ODQ reduced Ca2+ wave velocity and both ODQ and KT5823 reduced the HS-induced increment in ryanodine receptor (RyR2, Ser2808) phosphorylation, suggesting that in this context, cGMP/PKG may contribute to preserve contractile function by enhancing sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release. Conclusions Our findings suggest a novel mechanism for NO release in cardiomyocytes with putative pathophysiological relevance determined, at least in part, by its capability to reduce the extent of contractile dysfunction associated with hypotonic swelling.Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculare

Strandings of cetaceans and sea turtles in the Alboran Sea and Strait of Gibraltar: a long-term glimpse at the north coast (Spain) and the south coast (Morocco)

., 2011. Strandings of cetaceans and sea turtles in the Alboran Sea and Strait of Gibraltar: a long-time glimpse of the north coast (Spain) and the south coast (Morocco). Animal Biodiversity and Conservation, 34.1: 151-163. Abstract Strandings of cetaceans and sea turtles in the Alboran Sea and Strait of Gibraltar: a long-term glimpse at the north coast (Spain) and the south coast (Morocco) .-A total of 13 species of cetaceans and three species of marine turtles were found in this study. Data were collected by eight independent and self-regulated stranding networks, providing information about 1,198 marine mammal (10 odontocetii, three mysticetii and one phocidae) and 574 sea turtle stranding events between 1991 and 2008. Trends in the strandings were analysed in relation to species composition and abundance, and their geographic and seasonal distribution. The most abundant species recorded were the striped dolphin and the loggerhead turtle. Some of the strandings, such as the humpback whale, harbour porpoise, hooded seal and olive ridley turtle, were considered 'rare' because their distribution did not match the pattern of the study. When the north and south coasts in the study area were compared, pilot whales stranded more frequently in the north, while delphinid species stranded more in the south coast, and loggerhead turtles stranded more frequently in the north while leatherback turtles stranded more in south coast. Key words: Strandings, South-western Mediterranean, Distribution, Marine turtle, Cetacean, Conservation. Resumen Varamientos de cetáceos y tortugas marinas en el mar de Alborán y el Estrecho de Gibraltar: un vistazo a largo plazo de la costa norte (España) y la costa sur (Marruecos) .-En este estudio se registraron un total de 13 especies de cetáceos y tres especies de tortugas marinas, proviniendo los datos de redes de voluntarios que prestan asistencia en los varamientos. Se recogió información de 1.198 mamiferos marinos (10 odontocetos, tres misticetos y un fócido) y 574 tortugas marinas entre los años 1991 y 2008. Se analizaron las tendencias de los varamientos en relación a la composición de especies, su abundancia y su distribución geográfica y estacional. Las especies más comunes fueron el delfín común y la tortuga boba. Algunos de los varamientos, como la ballena jorobada, la marsopa común, la foca de casco o la tortuga olivácea, pueden considerarse "anómalos" puesto que su distribución se escapa a los patrones del estudio. Comparando la costa norte del área de estudio con la sur, los calderones y tortugas bobas vararon con mayor frecuencia en la costa norte, mientras que las especies de delfines y las tortugas laúd vararon con mayor frecuencia en la costa sur