'Attract & Kill' - ein innovatives Konzept zur biologischen Bekämpfung von bodenlebenden Schädlingen

Soil dwelling pest species are difficult to control because of their cryptic life style and their unpredictable distribution belowground. The efficacy of biological control agents is limited, mainly because of low rhizosphere competence. Here we propose to use a strategy where pest are attracted to killing agents instead of bringing killing agents to the pest. We developed capsules emitting carbon-dioxide which are combined with an specific isolate of an entomopathogenic fungus or Neem. The principle of an attract & kill strategy takes advantage of the behaviour of soil dwelling larvae which use CO2 for locating their host plants. Components used for the production of the capsules are just contain biologically derived substances and therefore do not pose any specific problems for use in organic production systems

Parallaxes and proper motions for 20 open clusters as based on the new Hipparcos catalogue

A new reduction of the astrometric data as produced by the Hipparcos mission has been published, claiming that the accuracies for nearly all stars brighter than magnitude $\mathrm{Hp}=8$ are improved, by up to a factor 4, compared to the original catalogue. As correlations between the underlying abscissa residuals have also been reduced by more than an order of magnitude to an insignificant level, our ability to determine reliable parallaxes and proper motions for open clusters should be improved. The new Hipparcos astrometric catalogue is used to derive mean parallax and proper motion estimates for 20 open clusters. The HR-diagrams of the nearest clusters are compared and combined to provide future input to sets of observational isochrones. The positions of the cluster HR diagrams are consistent within different groups of clusters shown for example by the near-perfect alignment of the sequences for the Hyades and Praesepe, for Coma Ber and UMa, and for the Pleiades, NGC 2516, and Blanco 1. The groups are mutually consistent when systematic differences in $\Delta c_0$ are taken into account, where the effect of these differences on the absolute magnitudes has been calibrated using field-star observations.Comment: 34 pages, 36 figures, 7 tables. Accepted for publication by A&