Climateurope Festival: An innovative way of linking science and society

The Climateurope Festivals were designed to create synergies between different European, national and international initiatives in the fields of Earth-system modelling & Climate Services and enhance the transfer of information between suppliers and users. It gave an opportunity to display best in class outcomes and engage in world class networking in a less rigid environment than a scientific conference. A number of formats were adopted in the Festival, from traditional impulse talks to innovative interactive sessions, and the thought-provoking discussions allowed the participants to share their experiences and knowledge around the advantages and challenges that Climate Services face within different sectors. Three Climateurope Festivals were originally planned to be held across Europe. Two Festivals were successfully organised, the first in Valencia in 2017, and the second in Belgrade in 2018. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdowns and travel restrictions, the third and final Festival was held online as a series of virtual web-based Festivals in 2020/2021. The Festivals were highly valued by participants. There was a strong desire by the Climateurope network to continue a science-stakeholder dialogue and make the Climateurope Festivals a regular event.}The organization team of the Climateurope Festivals wishes to acknowledge and sincerely thank the entire consortium of Climateurope for their valuable support. Climateurope is funded by the European Commission through the Horizon 2020 Programme for Research and Innovation: Grant Agreement 689029.Peer Reviewed"Article signat per 14 autors/es: Lola Kotova, Maria Máñez Costa, Daniela Jacob, Chris Hewitt, Paula Newton, Natalie Garrett, Stacey New, Rebecca Parfitt, Tyrone Dunbar, Janette Bessembinder, Ralf Toumi, Mauro Buonocore, Aleksandra Krzic, Marta Terrado"Postprint (published version

Climate change: the necessary, the possible and the desirable Earth League climate statement on the implications for climate policy from the 5th IPCC Assessment

The development of human civilisations has occurred at a time of stable climate. This climate stability is now threatened by human activity. The rising global climate risk occurs at a decisive moment for world development. World nations are currently discussing a global development agenda consequent to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which ends in 2015. It is increasingly possible to envisage a world where absolute poverty is largely eradicated within one generation and where ambitious goals on universal access and equal opportunities for dignified lives are adopted. These grand aspirations for a world population approaching or even exceeding nine billion in 2050 is threatened by substantial global environmental risks and by rising inequality. Research shows that development gains, in both rich and poor nations, can be undermined by social, economic and ecological problems caused by human-induced global environmental change. Climate risks, and associated changes in marine and terrestrial ecosystems that regulate the resilience of the climate system, are at the forefront of these global risks. We, as citizens with a strong engagement in Earth system science and socio-ecological dynamics, share the vision of a more equitable and prosperous future for the world, yet we also see threats to this future from shifts in climate and environmental processes. Without collaborative action now, our shared Earth system may not be able to sustainably support a large proportion of humanity in the decades ahead

Copernicus Ocean State Report, issue 6

The 6th issue of the Copernicus OSR incorporates a large range of topics for the blue, white and green ocean for all European regional seas, and the global ocean over 1993–2020 with a special focus on 2020

Water scarcity in the Spermonde Archipelago, Sulawesi, Indonesia: Past, present and future

Water scarcity is a serious issue on many small coral islands, including the Spermonde Archipelago in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. An important driver behind it is population growth. Additionally, the predicted impacts of climate change will further accelerate the problem. While a lot of scientific attention has been paid to water scarcity in the Pacific, little is known about the situation in Indonesia. The paper presents the results of the first scientific study on water scarcity in an Indonesian Archipelago. It combines an analysis of historical and contemporary documents with a study about local perceptions on water scarcity. 160 people on four case study islands were interviewed about water availability and quality in the past and at present. The results show that although water scarcity is not a new issue, it has increased from the 1960s onwards. Possible anthropogenic and natural drivers behind this development are discussed, and management implications presented. It is argued that management measures need to be island-specific and require local institutions for water management

Synthesis and evaluation of thiosemicarbazones functionalized with furyl moieties as new chemosensors for anion recognition

The supramolecular approach often starts with the design of the recognition and transduction processes at the molecular scale. Most of the supramolecular chemistry of anions has been developed based on electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions between the receptor and the substrate. In particular, neutral receptors for anions generally contain NH groups which act as hydrogen bond donors.1 In contrast to merely electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonds are directional, a feature which allows the design of receptors capable of differentiating between anions with different geometries and hydrogen-bonding requirements. As an example, ureas and thioureas have demonstrated to be excellent coordinating groups for Y-shaped anions such as carboxylates, through the formation of two directed hydrogen bonds.2 Recently, we have reported the synthesis and evaluation of novel thienyl-thiosemicarbazones as efficient anion chemosensors.3 Having in mind our recent results, eight novel heterocyclic systems, containing arylfuran or furan conjugated bridges and one or two thioureia binding moieties were designed and synthesized. Our approach is original and different from earlier related reports,2 due to the replacement of the usually used aryl moiety by the heteroaromatic furyl systems. Compounds 4-6 were prepared in good to excellent yields (76-96%) through Schiff-base condensation of formyl-furans 1b-c or formyl-arylfurans 2a-e with 4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazide in methanol at room temperature.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT)Universidade do Minho (UM

A dual channel sulphur-containing macrocycle functionalised BODIPY probe for the detection of Hg(II) in mixed aqueous solution

We report herein the synthesis and chromo-fluorogenic behaviour of a new probe 1 containing a boron-dipirromethene (BODIPY) unit electronically connected with a dithia-dioxa-aza macrocycle. Acetonitrile and water-acetonitrile 95:5 v/v solutions of the probe showed an ICT band in the visible zone and are nearly non-emissive. When acetonitrile was used as solvent, addition of Hg(II) and trivalent metal cations induced an hypsochromic shift of the absorption band and moderate emission enhancements. A highly selective response was obtained when using competitive media such as wateracetonitrile 95:5 v/v. In this case only Hg(II) induced a hypsochromic shift of the absorption band and a marked emission enhancement.We thank the Spanish Government (MAT2015-64139-C4-1-R) and Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEOII/2014/047). M. L. P. thanks Generalitat Valenciana for her Grisolia fellowship. Thanks are also due to Fundaça˜o para a Cieˆncia e Tecnologia (Portugal) for financial support to the Portuguese NMR network (PTNMR, Bruker Avance III 400-Univ. Minho), FCT and FEDER (European Fund for Regional Development)-COMPETEQRENEU for financial support to the research centre CQ/UM [PEst-C/ QUI/UI0686/2013 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-037302)], and a postdoctoral grant to R. M. F. Batista (SFRH/BPD/79333/2011).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Synthesis and evaluation of the chromo-fluorogenic recognition ability of imidazoquinoline derivatives toward ions

Four imidazoquinolines functionalized with different carbocycles and heterocycles have been synthesized and characterized. Acetonitrile solutions of the four receptors presented absorption bands in the 330-370 nm range. The four probes were also emissive with fluorescence bands in the 390-460 nm interval. In a first step, the chromo-fluorogenic behaviour of the four probes was evaluated in the presence of selected anions. Addition of F- induced the appearance of a new red-shifted absorption band together with a moderate quenching of the fluorescence in all four receptors. In a second step, the UV-visible and emission behaviour of the four receptors in the presence of cations was tested. Addition of Hg2+, Cu2+, Co2+, Fe3+, Fe2+, Zn2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Cr3+ and Al3+ induced a similar optical change in all four receptors (appearance of a broad red-shifted absorption band together with a remarkable quenching of the emission band).Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (Portugal) and FEDER-COMPETE for financial support through the Centro de Química – Universidade do Minho, Project PEst-C/QUI/UI0686/2013 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-037302) and a Post-doctoral grant to R.M.F. Batista (SFRH/BPD/79333/2011). The NMR spectrometer Bruker Avance III 400 is part of the National NMR Network and was purchased within the framework of the National Program for Scientific Re-equipment, with funds from FCT. We are also grateful to the Instituto da Educação of Universidade do Minho for providing the laboratory infrastructure necessary for the development of this work

Water scarcity in the Spermonde Archipelago, Sulawesi, Indonesia: Past, present and future

AbstractWater scarcity is a serious issue on many small coral islands, including the Spermonde Archipelago in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. An important driver behind it is population growth. Additionally, the predicted impacts of climate change will further accelerate the problem. While a lot of scientific attention has been paid to water scarcity in the Pacific, little is known about the situation in Indonesia. The paper presents the results of the first scientific study on water scarcity in an Indonesian Archipelago. It combines an analysis of historical and contemporary documents with a study about local perceptions on water scarcity. 160 people on four case study islands were interviewed about water availability and quality in the past and at present. The results show that although water scarcity is not a new issue, it has increased from the 1960s onwards. Possible anthropogenic and natural drivers behind this development are discussed, and management implications presented. It is argued that management measures need to be island-specific and require local institutions for water management

Co-production of Climate Services : A diversity of approaches and good practice from the ERA4CS projects (2017–2021)

This guide presents a joint effort of projects funded under the European Research Area for Climate Services (ERA4CS) (http://www.jpi-climate.eu/ERA4CS), a co- funded action initiated by JPI Climate with co-funding by the European Union (Grant 690462), 15 national public Research Funding Organisations (RFOs), and 30 Research Performing Organisations (RPOs) from 18 European countries. This guide sets out to increase the understanding of different pathways, methods, and approaches to improve knowledge co-production of climate services with users as a value-added activity of the ERA4CS Programme. Reflecting on the experiences of 16 of the 26 projects funded under ERA4CS, this guide aims to define and recommend good practices for transdisciplinary knowledge co-production of climate services to researchers, users, funding agencies, and private sector service providers. Drawing on responses from ERA4CS project teams to a questionnaire and interviews, this guide maps the diversity of methods for stakeholder identification, involvement, and engagement. It also conducts an analysis of methods, tools, and mechanisms for engagement as well as evaluation of co-production processes. This guide presents and discusses good practice examples based on the review of the ERA4CS projects, identifying enablers and barriers for key elements in climate service co-production processes. These were: namely (i) Forms of Engagement; (ii) Entry Points for Engagement; and, (iii) Intensity of Involvement. It further outlines key ingredients to enhance the quality of co-producing climate services with users and stakeholders. Based on the analysis of the lessons learned from ERA4CS projects, as well as a review of key concepts in the recent literature on climate service co-production, we provide a set of recommendations for researchers, users, funders and private sector providers of climate services. This report is not externally peer-reviewed</p

Decision-support tools to build climate resilience against emerging infectious diseases in Europe and beyond

Summary: Climate change is one of several drivers of recurrent outbreaks and geographical range expansion of infectious diseases in Europe. We propose a framework for the co-production of policy-relevant indicators and decision-support tools that track past, present, and future climate-induced disease risks across hazard, exposure, and vulnerability domains at the animal, human, and environmental interface. This entails the co-development of early warning and response systems and tools to assess the costs and benefits of climate change adaptation and mitigation measures across sectors, to increase health system resilience at regional and local levels and reveal novel policy entry points and opportunities. Our approach involves multi-level engagement, innovative methodologies, and novel data streams. We take advantage of intelligence generated locally and empirically to quantify effects in areas experiencing rapid urban transformation and heterogeneous climate-induced disease threats. Our goal is to reduce the knowledge-to-action gap by developing an integrated One Health—Climate Risk framework