From Data to Software to Science with the Rubin Observatory LSST

The Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) dataset will dramatically alter our understanding of the Universe, from the origins of the Solar System to the nature of dark matter and dark energy. Much of this research will depend on the existence of robust, tested, and scalable algorithms, software, and services. Identifying and developing such tools ahead of time has the potential to significantly accelerate the delivery of early science from LSST. Developing these collaboratively, and making them broadly available, can enable more inclusive and equitable collaboration on LSST science. To facilitate such opportunities, a community workshop entitled "From Data to Software to Science with the Rubin Observatory LSST" was organized by the LSST Interdisciplinary Network for Collaboration and Computing (LINCC) and partners, and held at the Flatiron Institute in New York, March 28-30th 2022. The workshop included over 50 in-person attendees invited from over 300 applications. It identified seven key software areas of need: (i) scalable cross-matching and distributed joining of catalogs, (ii) robust photometric redshift determination, (iii) software for determination of selection functions, (iv) frameworks for scalable time-series analyses, (v) services for image access and reprocessing at scale, (vi) object image access (cutouts) and analysis at scale, and (vii) scalable job execution systems. This white paper summarizes the discussions of this workshop. It considers the motivating science use cases, identified cross-cutting algorithms, software, and services, their high-level technical specifications, and the principles of inclusive collaborations needed to develop them. We provide it as a useful roadmap of needs, as well as to spur action and collaboration between groups and individuals looking to develop reusable software for early LSST science.Comment: White paper from "From Data to Software to Science with the Rubin Observatory LSST" worksho

From Data to Software to Science with the Rubin Observatory LSST

editorial reviewedThe Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) dataset will dramatically alter our understanding of the Universe, from the origins of the Solar System to the nature of dark matter and dark energy. Much of this research will depend on the existence of robust, tested, and scalable algorithms, software, and services. Identifying and developing such tools ahead of time has the potential to significantly accelerate the delivery of early science from LSST. Developing these collaboratively, and making them broadly available, can enable more inclusive and equitable collaboration on LSST science. To facilitate such opportunities, a community workshop entitled "From Data to Software to Science with the Rubin Observatory LSST" was organized by the LSST Interdisciplinary Network for Collaboration and Computing (LINCC) and partners, and held at the Flatiron Institute in New York, March 28-30th 2022. The workshop included over 50 in-person attendees invited from over 300 applications. It identified seven key software areas of need: (i) scalable cross-matching and distributed joining of catalogs, (ii) robust photometric redshift determination, (iii) software for determination of selection functions, (iv) frameworks for scalable time-series analyses, (v) services for image access and reprocessing at scale, (vi) object image access (cutouts) and analysis at scale, and (vii) scalable job execution systems. This white paper summarizes the discussions of this workshop. It considers the motivating science use cases, identified cross-cutting algorithms, software, and services, their high-level technical specifications, and the principles of inclusive collaborations needed to develop them. We provide it as a useful roadmap of needs, as well as to spur action and collaboration between groups and individuals looking to develop reusable software for early LSST science

COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission vary with age and sex: results from the ISARIC prospective multinational observational study

Background: The ISARIC prospective multinational observational study is the largest cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We present relationships of age, sex, and nationality to presenting symptoms. Methods: International, prospective observational study of 60 109 hospitalized symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 recruited from 43 countries between 30 January and 3 August 2020. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate relationships of age and sex to published COVID-19 case definitions and the most commonly reported symptoms. Results: ‘Typical’ symptoms of fever (69%), cough (68%) and shortness of breath (66%) were the most commonly reported. 92% of patients experienced at least one of these. Prevalence of typical symptoms was greatest in 30- to 60-year-olds (respectively 80, 79, 69%; at least one 95%). They were reported less frequently in children (≤ 18 years: 69, 48, 23; 85%), older adults (≥ 70 years: 61, 62, 65; 90%), and women (66, 66, 64; 90%; vs. men 71, 70, 67; 93%, each P < 0.001). The most common atypical presentations under 60 years of age were nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain, and over 60 years was confusion. Regression models showed significant differences in symptoms with sex, age and country. Interpretation: This international collaboration has allowed us to report reliable symptom data from the largest cohort of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Adults over 60 and children admitted to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to present with typical symptoms. Nausea and vomiting are common atypical presentations under 30 years. Confusion is a frequent atypical presentation of COVID-19 in adults over 60 years. Women are less likely to experience typical symptoms than men

Exposición laboral a hidrocarburos clorados y cáncer de páncreas: revisión de la bibliografía reciente

La proporción de cáncer de páncreas que puede atribuirse a exposiciones laborales es aproximadamente 12%, aunque representan un pequeño porcentaje, estos factores pueden ser prevenibles, siendo importante identificarlos. Algunas ocupaciones se han relacionado con el aumento de riesgo de cáncer de páncreas, y al parecer habría una asociación estadísticamente significativa para la exposición a hidrocarburos clorados u organoclorados. Objetivo: Revisar la literatura científica reciente, buscando evidencias sobre la relación entre la exposición laboral a organoclorados y cáncer de páncreas. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda en las principales bases de datos utilizando descriptores relacionados y aplicando criterios de pertinencia, inclusión y exclusión seleccionándose 10 artículos. Resultados: Se analizaron tres meta-análisis, tres estudios de cohortes y 4 estudios de casos y controles, encontrando una mayor producción bibliográfica entre los períodos 2000-2003 y 2007-2011. Conclusiones: Algunas exposiciones se han relacionado con el exceso de riesgo para el cáncer pancreático, sin embargo en la mayoría de estudios se encuentra un efecto débil o moderado a menudo relacionado con la limitada cantidad de participantes. Los estudios que investigan esta asociación por tipo de ocupación no suelen precisar los agentes específicos a los que se encuentra expuesto el trabajador, dificultando establecer asociaciones concretas. Es importante seguir estudiando las interacciones genético-ambientales relacionadas como la asociación con el gen K-ras en busca de resultados más concluyentes que permitan avanzar en el campo de la prevención de riesgos laborales

Análisis de las bases terapéuticas del cannabis y su aplicación en medicina

This review compiles information on the therapeutic applications of cannabinoids as a basis for their application in medicine as a treatment strategy. The main objective of this review was to analyze the therapeutic benefits of cannabinoids such as: pain relief, antitumor effect, cell cycle regulation and immune stimulation. Information was compiled from various scientific databases, such as PubMed, BioCell, Scielo, Elsevier, Redalyc, MDPI, PLOS, JAFC, BJPS and Medicinal Chemistry Research, searching by keywords and selecting according to the inclusion criteria. It was possible to identify the therapeutic potential of those that endorse their interaction in receptors, thus the remarkable antitumor effect, pain relief and immune stimulation. However, the effectiveness of cannabis products varies according to the stage of the disease and dosage. It was concluded that the endocannabinoid system (ECS) offers important therapeutic activities for some diseases, whose molecular mechanisms of action have been assessed in different experimental models. The clinical applications of cannabis have been documented in several pathologies such as: cancer, epilepsy, glaucoma, arthritis, asthma, Alzheimer, Crohn, sclerosis, insomnia and Parkinson, the current legislation has opened the way for its industrial production and therapeutic use under the control of regulatory entitiesEn esta revisión se compila información de las aplicaciones terapéuticas de los cannabinoides como fundamento para su aplicación en medicina como estrategia de tratamiento. El objetivo principal de esta revisión fue analizar los beneficios terapéuticos de los cannabinoides como es: alivio del dolor, efecto antitumoral, regulación del ciclo celular y estimulación inmunológica. Se compiló información de diversas bases de datos científicas, como PubMed, BioCell, Scielo, Elsevier, Redalyc, MDPI, PLOS, JAFC, BJPS y Medicinal Chemistry Research, buscando por palabras claves y seleccionando acorde a los criterios de inclusión. Se pudo identificar el potencial terapéutico de los que avalan su interacción en receptores, por ello el notable efecto antitumoral, alivio del dolor y estimulación inmunológica. Sin embargo, la efectividad de los productos del cannabis varía según el estadio de la enfermedad y dosis. Se concluyó que el sistema endocannabinoide (ECS) ofrece importantes actividades terapéuticas para algunas enfermedades, cuyos mecanismos moleculares de acción han sido valorados en diferentes modelos experimentales. Se ha documentado las aplicaciones clínicas del cannabis en diversas patologías como: Cáncer, epilepsia, glaucoma, artritis, asma, Alzheimer, Crohn, esclerosis, insomnio y Parkinson, la legislación actual ha dado apertura para su producción industrial y uso terapéutico bajo el control de entidades regulatoria

Análisis de las bases terapéuticas del cannabis y su aplicación en medicina

This review compiles information on the therapeutic applications of cannabinoids as a basis for their application in medicine as a treatment strategy. The main objective of this review was to analyze the therapeutic benefits of cannabinoids such as: pain relief, antitumor effect, cell cycle regulation and immune stimulation. Information was compiled from various scientific databases, such as PubMed, BioCell, Scielo, Elsevier, Redalyc, MDPI, PLOS, JAFC, BJPS and Medicinal Chemistry Research, searching by keywords and selecting according to the inclusion criteria. It was possible to identify the therapeutic potential of those that endorse their interaction in receptors, thus the remarkable antitumor effect, pain relief and immune stimulation. However, the effectiveness of cannabis products varies according to the stage of the disease and dosage. It was concluded that the endocannabinoid system (ECS) offers important therapeutic activities for some diseases, whose molecular mechanisms of action have been assessed in different experimental models. The clinical applications of cannabis have been documented in several pathologies such as: cancer, epilepsy, glaucoma, arthritis, asthma, Alzheimer, Crohn, sclerosis, insomnia and Parkinson, the current legislation has opened the way for its industrial production and therapeutic use under the control of regulatory entitiesEn esta revisión se compila información de las aplicaciones terapéuticas de los cannabinoides como fundamento para su aplicación en medicina como estrategia de tratamiento. El objetivo principal de esta revisión fue analizar los beneficios terapéuticos de los cannabinoides como es: alivio del dolor, efecto antitumoral, regulación del ciclo celular y estimulación inmunológica. Se compiló información de diversas bases de datos científicas, como PubMed, BioCell, Scielo, Elsevier, Redalyc, MDPI, PLOS, JAFC, BJPS y Medicinal Chemistry Research, buscando por palabras claves y seleccionando acorde a los criterios de inclusión. Se pudo identificar el potencial terapéutico de los que avalan su interacción en receptores, por ello el notable efecto antitumoral, alivio del dolor y estimulación inmunológica. Sin embargo, la efectividad de los productos del cannabis varía según el estadio de la enfermedad y dosis. Se concluyó que el sistema endocannabinoide (ECS) ofrece importantes actividades terapéuticas para algunas enfermedades, cuyos mecanismos moleculares de acción han sido valorados en diferentes modelos experimentales. Se ha documentado las aplicaciones clínicas del cannabis en diversas patologías como: Cáncer, epilepsia, glaucoma, artritis, asma, Alzheimer, Crohn, esclerosis, insomnio y Parkinson, la legislación actual ha dado apertura para su producción industrial y uso terapéutico bajo el control de entidades regulatoria

Factores relacionados con la conducción y sintomatología musculoesquelética en agentes forestales.

Introduction. Muscle skeletal disorders (MSD) have a multifactorial etiology. There is evidence that they may be intimately related to risk factors present in work tasks. The aim of this study is to describe the factors related to conduction and muscle skeletal symptoms in forestry agents, seeking to identify and propose possible preventive measures. Material and methods. Observational study, descriptive type. It was carried out during the period between the months of February and March of the year 2017. We collected data from 87 workers, all of them forest agents. The data collection was carried out through survey and clinical evaluation during the periodic health check. A descriptive analysis of the variables studied and the chi-squared test were performed to evaluate significant associations Result: From the study group, an average age of 45 years was obtained (SD=8.5). 94.3% of these were male and the average age of the participants was 18 years (SD=9.4). Regarding the type of road and its frequency of use, there is a 55.2% who report that the type of road through which they circulate most frequently are forest tracks. 29.9% had muscle skeletal symptoms and of the total number of workers who reported pain in some body segment, 60% presented it at the level of the lumbar spine. No statistically significant association was found between the type of vehicle and the presence of pain in any body segment. Conclusions. We consider important to apply recommendations related to healthy extra-working habits and to adopt adequate driving procedures in order to reduce the risk of injuries; as well as continue with the investigation in this subject, to increase the knowledge on itIntroducción. Los trastornos musculo-esqueléticos (TME) presentan una etiología multifactorial. Existe evidencia de que pueden estar relacionados íntimamente con factores de riesgo presentes en las tareas laborales. El objetivo de este estudio es describir los factores relacionados con la conducción y la sintomatología musculoesquelética en agentes forestales, buscando identificar y proponer posibles medidas preventivas.Material y métodos. Estudio observacional, tipo descriptivo. Se realizó durante el período comprendido entre los meses de febrero y marzo del año 2017. Se recogieron datos de 87 trabajadores, todos ellos agentes forestales. La recopilación de datos se llevó a cabo a través de encuesta y evaluación clínica durante la realización examen de salud periódico. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de las variables estudiadas y la prueba de Chi cuadrado para valorar asociaciones significativas.Resultados. La edad media fue de 45 años (DE=8,5). Un 94,3% de estos fueron varones y la antigüedad promedio en el puesto de los participantes fue de 18 años (DE=9,4). El 55,2% refirió que el tipo de vía por la que circulan con mayor frecuencia son pistas forestales. El 29,9% presentaba sintomatología musculoesquelética y del total de trabajadores que referían dolor en algún segmento corporal, un 60% lo presentaba a nivel de columna lumbar. No se evidenció asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el tipo de vehículo y la presencia de dolor en algún segmento corporal.Conclusiones. Se considera importante aplicar recomendaciones relacionadas con hábitos saludables extralaborales y adoptar hábitos adecuados en la conducción, para lograr disminuir los riesgos de lesiones; así como continuar con la investigación en este tema, para ampliar el conocimiento en el mismo