Learning Task Embeddings for Teamwork Adaptation in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning

Successful deployment of multi-agent reinforcement learning often requires agents to adapt their behaviour. In this work, we discuss the problem of teamwork adaptation in which a team of agents needs to adapt their policies to solve novel tasks with limited fine-tuning. Motivated by the intuition that agents need to be able to identify and distinguish tasks in order to adapt their behaviour to the current task, we propose to learn multi-agent task embeddings (MATE). These task embeddings are trained using an encoder-decoder architecture optimised for reconstruction of the transition and reward functions which uniquely identify tasks. We show that a team of agents is able to adapt to novel tasks when provided with task embeddings. We propose three MATE training paradigms: independent MATE, centralised MATE, and mixed MATE which vary in the information used for the task encoding. We show that the embeddings learned by MATE identify tasks and provide useful information which agents leverage during adaptation to novel tasks.Comment: To be presented at the Seventh Workshop on Generalization in Planning at the NeurIPS 2023 conferenc

Soft Candy Dari Bahan Aktif Oleoresin Temulawak (Curcuma Xanthorhiza Roxb.)

Been carried out. The purpose of the study was to find the best formulae of the soft candy. The properties of the soft candy especially the moisture content, ash content and toxicity were exxmined. The results show that the formulae with sorbitol and curcuma of 39.5 g and 1 g respectively (A3B3) has the highest moisture content that is 14.52%, while the lowest is 11.89% which was obtained in the formulae containing curcuma of 0.5 g and sorbitol of 37.5 g (A1B1). The highest ash content was obtained in the formulae containing sorbitol of 38.5 g and curcuma of 0.5 g (A2B1). The value is 1.1739%.The lowest ash content was found in the formulae containing 38.5 g of sorbitol and 1 g of curcuma (A2B3), the value is 1.505%. The toxicity test results show that the soft candy has no bio-active properties. The LC50 of the candy is more than 1000 ppm. Based on hedonic/organoleptic test, the soft candy with sorbitol and curcuma of 75% and 0.25% respectively is the most prefered

Studi Penentuan Difusivitas Panas Mangga Arummanis Terproses Minimal

The important limitation in process design for agricultural products is the lack of information on their thermal properties. Although a lot of experimental data can be found, the variety of products and the differences in measurement method make limitation on the value of the available data, especially for Indonesian products. These data are required to get information about temperature change when product was processed like heating or cooling. It is worth to optimize efficiency of energy. The objective of this study was to predict thermal diffusivity and conductivity of minimmaly processed product of arummanis mangoes. The value was determined numerically with direct and indirect methods. The result showed that thermal conductivity was 0.6058 W/moC while thermal diffusivity was 1.70 x 10-7 m2/s (direct method).ABSTRAKPada perancangan suatu sistem pengolahan hasil pertanian diperlukan pengetahuantentang sifat-sifat panas suatu bahan diantaranya panas jenis, konduktivitas, dan difusivitas panas. Nilai-nilai tersebut untuk produk pertanian lokal sangat jarang ditemukan, sehingga dalam aplikasinya sering digunakan data sifat panas dari literatur luar yang belum tentu sesuai dan tepat dengan produk dalam negeri, hal ini dapat menyebabkan terjadinya bias dalam perhitungan dan perancangan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menentukan sifat-sifat panas dari produk mangga arummanis terproses minimal. Hasil studi ini mendapatkan bahwa nilai panas konduktivitas panas mangga arummanis terproses minimal adalah 0.6058 W/moC, sedangkan nilai difusivitas panasnya adalah 1.70x10-7 m2/detik

Studi Penentuan Difusivitas Panas Mangga Arummanis Terproses Minimal

The important limitation in process design for agricultural products is the lack of information on their thermal properties. Although a lot of experimental data can be found, the variety of products and the differences in measurement method make limitation on the value of the available data, especially for Indonesian products. These data are required to get information about temperature change when product was processed like heating or cooling. It is worth to optimize efficiency of energy. The objective of this study was to predict thermal diffusivity and conductivity of minimmaly processed product of arummanis mangoes. The value was determined numerically with direct and indirect methods. The result showed that thermal conductivity was 0.6058 W/moC while thermal diffusivity was 1.70 x 10-7 m2/s (direct method).ABSTRAKPada perancangan suatu sistem pengolahan hasil pertanian diperlukan pengetahuantentang sifat-sifat panas suatu bahan diantaranya panas jenis, konduktivitas, dan difusivitas panas. Nilai-nilai tersebut untuk produk pertanian lokal sangat jarang ditemukan, sehingga dalam aplikasinya sering digunakan data sifat panas dari literatur luar yang belum tentu sesuai dan tepat dengan produk dalam negeri, hal ini dapat menyebabkan terjadinya bias dalam perhitungan dan perancangan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menentukan sifat-sifat panas dari produk mangga arummanis terproses minimal. Hasil studi ini mendapatkan bahwa nilai panas konduktivitas panas mangga arummanis terproses minimal adalah 0.6058 W/moC, sedangkan nilai difusivitas panasnya adalah 1.70x10-7 m2/detik.</p

Aplikasi Teknologi Radiasi Panas Pada Pengolahan Sawit Terpadu. (APPLICATION OF HEAT RADIATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE INTEGRATED PALM OIL PROCESSING)

 This article review application of heat radiation technology in the integtated palm oil processing, which has been developed by Ishenny and Noor (2015,Ishenny) . This technology named as Palm Oil Mill Heat Radiation Technology uses direct heat radiation (with palm fruit buch waste as the fuel), instead of heat from steam boilers, as in the conventional technology. Temperature and pressure of the cooking chamber are designed at 150° C and 1 atm. Compared to the conventional technology, this new technology is more profitable because it could process all parts of the palm fruits to produce red oil, fatty oil, kernel oil (three with higher qualities), biochar, liquid smoke, and cake, releases relatively no waste, and could operate even at a low capacity. In addition, this new technology could be implemented to modify the conventional technology used at present in the palm oil plants. Estimated investment required for processing 45 ton per hour of palm fruits is IDR 300 billions. Net profit a year is estimated IDR 230 billions with ROI of 1.94 year.Keywords : Innovation of palm oil factory, palm oil, red oil, kernel oil, fatty oil, 7 MW electricity, liquid smoke, kernel cake and biocharAbstrak. Artikel ini mengulas aplikasi teknologi radiasi panas pada pengolahan sawit terpadu yang telah dikembangkan oleh Ishenny dan Noor  (2015, Ishenny).  Teknologi ini yang dinamai Palm Oil Mill Heat Radiation Technology menggunakan panas radiasi langsung (dengan bahan bakar limbah tandan buah kosong), tidak seperti pada teknologi konvensional yang menggunakan panas dari ketel uap. Suhu dan tekanan pada panci masak dirancang sebesar 150° C dan 1 atm. Dibandingkan dengan teknologi minyak sawit konvensional, teknologi baru ini lebih menguntungkan, karena dapat memproduksi minyak merah, minyak lemak,  kernel oil (ketiganya dengan mutu yang lebih tinggi), biochar, asap cair, dan bungkil, relatif tanpa limbah, dan dapat beroperasi pada kapasitas yang kecil. Disamping itu, teknologi ini dapat diaplikasikan untuk memodifikasi teknologi konvensional yang saat ini digunakan oleh pabrik minyak sawit. Estimasi investasi yang diperlukan untuk mengolah 45 ton per jam buah sawit segar adalah Rp. 300 milyar, dengan estimasi keuntungan Rp. 230 milyar per tahun dan ROI 1,94 tahun.Kata Kunci : Inovasi pabrik kelapa sawit, minyak sawit, minyak merah, minyak inti, minyak lemak, li strik 7 MW, asap cair,   kernel dan bokar

PERALATAN PRESS HIDROLIK SEBAGAI SOLUSI PENGOLAHAN GAMBIR DI SUMATERA BARAT

Pengolahan gambir di Sumatera Barat pada awalnya menggunakan peralatan Kampo dalam mengekstrak gambir, peralatan kampo banyak menguras tenaga pekerja, pengolahan dalam sehari maksimum 4 kali, dengan rendemen gambir 8-9 %, dalam sehari hanya mampu produksi gambir sebesar 14 kg-16 kg. Rekayasa peralatan hidrolik pres gambir bertujuan agar pekerja tidak terlalu menguras tenaga, pengolahan dapat dilakukan lebih dari 20 kali, dengan rendeman di atas 10 %. Peralatan hidrolik pres gambir dirancang menggunakan bahan plat H Frame dari bahan baja merupakan hasil inovasi untuk meringankan tenaga kerja, mempercepat proses pengolahan, menghasilkan produk gambir yang konstan mutunya dan meningkatkan produksi gambir. Peralatan hidrolik pres mampu melakukan proses pengolahan sebanyak 42 kali perhari dengan hasil perhari 210 kg-252 kg, dalam sebulan menghasilkan produksi gambir sebesar  6,3 ton-7,56 ton dengan nilai ekonomi sebesar Rp  277.200.000 sampai Rp  332.640.000 ,-/bulan

PENGARUH STUNTING DAN CARA PENANGGULANGANNYA DI DESA TUMBANG HAKAU

Stunting merupakan sebuah masalah kurang gizi kronis yang disebabkan oleh kurangnya asupan gizi dalam waktu yang cukup lama, hal ini menyebabkan adanya gangguan di masa yang akan datang yakni mengalami kesulitan dalam mencapai perkembangan fisik dan kognitif yang optimal. Anak stunting mempunyai Intelligence Quotient (IQ) lebih rendah dibandingkan rata-rata IQ anak normal. Peran dan kedudukan ibu dalam menjaga kualitas keluarga mencakup aspek pendidikan, kesehatan, ekonomi, sosial budaya, kemandirian keluarga, dan mental spiritual serta nilai-nilai agama yang merupakan dasar untuk mencapai keluarga sejahtera. Pengukuran pada kondisi Stunting menggunakan pengukuran status gizi secara langsung menggunakan penilaian antropometri. Salah satu pencegahan Stunting melalui edukasi pada ibu dalam perubahan perilaku peningkatan kesehatan dan gizi keluarga. Tujuan penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh stunting dan cara penanggulannya di Desa Tumbang Haka

Mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias.

This is the final version of the article. It was first available from Elsevier via http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joa.2015.11.003Blood circulation is the result of the beating of the heart, which provides the mechanical force to pump oxygenated blood to, and deoxygenated blood away from, the peripheral tissues. This depends critically on the preceding electrical activation. Disruptions in the orderly pattern of this propagating cardiac excitation wave can lead to arrhythmias. Understanding of the mechanisms underlying their generation and maintenance requires knowledge of the ionic contributions to the cardiac action potential, which is discussed in the first part of this review. A brief outline of the different classification systems for arrhythmogenesis is then provided, followed by a detailed discussion for each mechanism in turn, highlighting recent advances in this area.The author received a BBSRC Doctoral CASE Studentship at the Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, in conjunction with Xention Discovery, for his PhD studies

BRG1 and NPM-ALK Are Co-Regulated in Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma; BRG1 Is a Potential Therapeutic Target in ALCL.

Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a T-cell malignancy driven in many cases by the product of a chromosomal translocation, nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (NPM-ALK). NPM-ALK activates a plethora of pathways that drive the hallmarks of cancer, largely signalling pathways normally associated with cytokine and/or T-cell receptor-induced signalling. However, NPM-ALK is also located in the nucleus and its functions in this cellular compartment for the most part remain to be determined. We show that ALCL cell lines and primary patient tumours express the transcriptional activator BRG1 in a NPM-ALK-dependent manner. NPM-ALK regulates expression of BRG1 by post-translational mechanisms dependent on its kinase activity, protecting it from proteasomal degradation. Furthermore, we show that BRG1 drives a transcriptional programme associated with cell cycle progression. In turn, inhibition of BRG1 expression with specific shRNA decreases cell viability, suggesting that it may represent a key therapeutic target for the treatment of ALCL

Bilateral Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Children:a two-center, double-blind, randomized controlled trial in young children undergoing cardiac surgery

Objective: The study objective was to determine whether adequately delivered bilateral remote ischemic preconditioning is cardioprotective in young children undergoing surgery for 2 common congenital heart defects with or without cyanosis.Methods: We performed a prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial at 2 centers in the United Kingdom. Children aged 3 to 36 months undergoing tetralogy of Fallot repair or ventricular septal defect closure were randomized 1:1 to receive bilateral preconditioning or sham intervention. Participants were followed up until hospital discharge or 30 days. The primary outcome was area under the curve for high-sensitivity troponin-T in the first 24 hours after surgery, analyzed by intention-to-treat. Right atrial biopsies were obtained in selected participants.Results: Between October 2016 and December 2020, 120 eligible children were randomized to receive bilateral preconditioning (n = 60) or sham intervention (n = 60). The primary outcome, area under the curve for high-sensitivity troponin-T, was higher in the preconditioning group (mean: 70.0 ± 50.9 μg/L/h, n = 56) than in controls (mean: 55.6 ± 30.1 μg/L/h, n = 58) (mean difference, 13.2 μg/L/h; 95% CI, 0.5-25.8; P = .04). Subgroup analyses did not show a differential treatment effect by oxygen saturations (pinteraction = .25), but there was evidence of a differential effect by underlying defect (pinteraction = .04). Secondary outcomes and myocardial metabolism, quantified in atrial biopsies, were not different between randomized groups.Conclusions: Bilateral remote ischemic preconditioning does not attenuate myocardial injury in children undergoing surgical repair for congenital heart defects, and there was evidence of potential harm in unstented tetralogy of Fallot. The routine use of remote ischemic preconditioning cannot be recommended for myocardial protection during pediatric cardiac surgery