Naming treatment in semantic and logopenic variant PPA

Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is an acquired impairment of language caused by neurodegenerative disease affecting language regions in the brain. Unlike aphasia caused by stroke, the language impairments in PPA gradually worsen over time as atrophy spreads. Current consensus criteria for diagnosis identify three clinical variants, each of which is associated with a different pathological entity: a semantic variant, with verbal and nonverbal semantic deficits; a logopenic variant, with anomia and phonological working memory problems; and a nonfluent variant, with agrammatism and/or apraxia of speech (Gorno-Tempini et al., 2011; Gorno-Tempini et al., 2004)

Planteamiento y proposición de estrategias hacia una evaluación integral en el área de matemáticas desde el concepto de evaluación en la Institución Educativa Suroriental de Pereira-Risaralda

En el presente, trabajo se plantean y se proponen prácticas o estrategias hacia una evaluación integral en el área de matemáticas, partiendo de los resultados arrojados y de su respectivo análisis, de unas herramientas e instrumentos de investigación aplicadas a estudiantes, profesores y padres de familia de la Institución Educativa Suroriental de Pereira. Resultados que se fundamentan principalmente en esa opinión, idea, manera de entender o concepto que se posee y/o se maneja sobre la evaluación y todo lo que esta implica: procesos, metodologías, prácticas. Todo ello, con el fin de proporcionar un fortalecimiento y ajuste a prácticas de evaluación actuales, transformándolas en estrategias innovadoras que propicien un mejor desarrollo de todos los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje de manera contextualizada

Meloxicam Decreases the Formation of Peritoneal Adhesions in an Experimental Surgical Model in Rats

Background: Inflammatory adhesions result from an inflammatory response of the peritoneum during an intra-abdominal inflammatory process secondary to thermal or mechanical injury, infection, radiation, ischemia, dissection, abrasion or foreign body reaction. Adhesions produce consequences such as: infertility, intestinal obstruction, and pelvic-abdominal pain. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of Meloxicam, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, on the formation of postoperative peritoneal adhesions in an experimental animal model. Methods: Twenty female Wistar rats were submitted to laparotomy. Postoperative peritoneal adhesions were induced by scorching the serous surface of the colon. The animals were randomly divided into two experimental groups: one group received Meloxicam intramuscularly for 7 days, and the other served as a control group. They were sacrificed and evaluated at 15 days. Results: In the animals given Meloxicam, it was observed that a decrease in number (p = 0.018), severity (p = 0.004), extension (p = 0.011), density (p = 0.023), degree of inflammation (p = 0.002), vascular proliferation (p = 0.004) and fibrosis (p = 0.029) of adhesions, compared to the control group. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the administration of Meloxicam intramuscularly significantly decreases the formation of postoperative peritoneal adhesions and, therefore, may be useful in their prevention. The effects of Meloxicam could not only be due to its anti-inflammatory action, but also to its effects on the expression of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor

Patterns of variability in voice onset time: a developmental study of motor speech skills in humans

This study investigated the developmental patterns of variability in the speech parameter voice onset time (VOT) in forty six children. Five groups of children participated in the study as follows: i) Group 1 - aged 5 years 8 months (n=6); ii) Group 2 - 7 years 10 months (n=10); iii) Group 3 - 9 years 10 months (n=10); iv) Group 4 - 11 years 10 months (n=10), and v) Group 5 - 13 years 2 months (n=10). Coefficient of variation (COV) values were examined for the VOT values of both "voiceless" (/p t k/) and "voiced" (/b d g/) plosives to determine patterns of variability. Significant effects of age were revealed for both the voiceless and voiced plosives, and levels of variability leveled off for Group 4. The data suggest that although variability in VOT decreases with age, the presence of residual variability may be a prerequisite for the further refinement of motor speech skills

Phonological processing in primary progressive aphasia

Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a debilitating condition wherein speech and language deteriorate as a result of neurodegenerative disease. Three variants of PPA are now recognized, each of which shows a unique constellation of speech-language deficits and pattern of underlying atrophy in the brain (Gorno-Tempini et al., 2011). The variants include a nonfluent/agrammatic type (nfvPPA), characterized by syntactic and motor speech deficits and fronto-insular atrophy in the left hemisphere. The semantic variant (svPPA) shows degradation of semantic knowledge in the context of anterior and inferior temporal lobe atrophy (left hemisphere greater than right). Finally, the more recently characterized logopenic variant (lvPPA) shows impairments in naming and repetition that are thought to be phonological in nature. This variant, associated with atrophy of temporoparietal regions in the left hemisphere, has also been referred to as the “phonological” variant of PPA due to observed deficits on tasks that require phonological storage (i.e., the “phonological loop”) and to the presence of phonological paraphasias in connected speech (Gorno-Tempini et al., 2008). Impaired phonological processing has been considered a unique feature of the logopenic variant of PPA, however, phonological skills have not been thoroughly characterized across the three variants. Recent models of the functional neuroanatomy of language propose two pathways by which speech is processed in the brain (Hickok & Poeppel, 2007). A dorsal pathway involving temporoparietal and posterior frontal structures is thought to be involved in mapping phonological representations onto articulatory representations. A ventral pathway located in the middle and inferior temporal lobes is considered crucial for mapping phonological representations onto lexical-semantic representations. Both the dorsal and ventral streams emanate from a common cortical region in posterior, superior temporal cortex/sulcus that appears critical to the mental representation of phonology. We investigated phonological processing in PPA, with the goal of identifying whether patterns of performance in the different variants support this functional-anatomical framework. Based on our knowledge of the locus of anatomical damage in the subtypes of PPA, we hypothesized that patients with damage to dorsal route structures (nonfluent and logopenic variants) would show greater impairment on phonological processing tasks, whereas patients with damage to ventral route structures (semantic variant) would show relative preservation of phonological abilities

"I did not know if I wanted to be a teacher" : Indicios de la identidad profesional que emergen en el contexto de la práctica informal docente en inglés del Proyecto Ancla

Este trabajo investigativo cualitativo explora las narrativas de seis docentes en formación con el objetivo de identificar los indicios de identidad profesional docente que emergen en la práctica informal del Proyecto Ancla, programa de tutorías de inglés de la Licenciatura en Lenguas Modernas de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Para recolectar los datos se utilizaron protocolos orales, diarios de campo y entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Los datos recogidos se estudiaron a la luz del análisis narrativo (Riessman, 2008), con el fin de hacer de las historias de vida la unidad de análisis de este estudio. Los resultados de la investigación dieron cuenta de algunos indicios identitarios que se clasificaron en las siguientes categorías: identidades actuales e imaginadas y sus dimensiones ontológicas y epistemológicas, emulación de los recursos semióticos y prácticos de otros docentes, reconfiguración de la identidad docente, y visión del ser docente discursivamente construida. Los datos revelaron que la identidad docente no performativa es difusa y necesita un entorno social de enseñanza-aprendizaje para ser consolidada, y es precisamente el Proyecto Ancla el contexto en el que, algunos docentes en formación enfrentan la teoría con la práctica y viceversa. Como resultado de este ejercicio, su identidad docente se ve constantemente reconfigurada. De igual modo, a pesar de los discursos institucionales que posicionan a los docentes en formación como “tutores” o “mentores”, la interacción con sus “tutorados” o “mentees” crea una visión del ser docente, a través del discurso co-construido, reconfigurando ese posicionamiento y, como resultado, ellos se entienden a sí mismos, algunas veces, como docentes en el presente y en el futuro (Kanno & Norton, 2003).This qualitative research investigation explores the narratives of six novice teachers with the objective to identify the professional identity traits that emerge in the informal teaching practice of the Ancla Project, an English mentorship program of the Modern Languages degree at the Javeriana University. To collect the data, oral protocols, field diaries and semi-structured interviews were employed. The collected data was analyzed under the narrative analysis theory (Riessman, 2008), in order to make life stories, the unit of analysis of this study. The results of the investigation gave an account of the current identity traits classified in the following categories: Current and imagined identities and their ontological and epistemology dimensions, the emulation of the semiotic and practical resources of other teachers, the reconfiguration of the teacher identity, and the teacher’s discursively constructed vision of self. The data revealed that non-performative teachers’ identity is diffuse and needs a social learning-teaching context to be consolidated, and is Ancla Project the context in which some novice teachers face the theory with the practice, and vice-versa. As a result of this process, their teaching identity is constantly reconfigurated. In a similar vein, although the institutional discourses position the novice teachers as “tutors” or “mentors”, the interaction with their “mentees” builds a vision of being a teacher discursively co-constructed, changing that positioning, and as a result, they understand themselves, sometimes, as teachers in the present and future (Kanno & Norton, 2003).Licenciado (a) en Lenguas ModernasPregrad

Long-term cellular and regional specificity of the photoreceptor toxin, iodoacetic acid (IAA), in the rabbit retina

This study investigated the anatomical consequences of a photoreceptor toxin, iodoacetic acid (IAA), in the rabbit retina. Retinae were examined 2 weeks, 1, 3, and 6 months after systemic IAA injection. The retinae were processed using standard histological methods to assess the gross morphology and topographical distribution of damage, and by immunohistochemistry to examine specific cell populations in the retina. Degeneration was restricted to the photoreceptors and was most common in the ventral retina and visual streak. In damaged regions, the outer nuclear layer was reduced in thickness or eliminated entirely, with a concomitant loss of immunoreactivity for rhodopsin. However, the magnitude of the effect varied between animals with the same IAA dose and survival time, suggesting individual differences in the bioavailability of the toxin. In all eyes, the inner retina remained intact, as judged by the thickness of the inner nuclear layer, and by the pattern of immunoreactivity for protein kinase C-α (rod bipolar cells) and calbindin D-28 (horizontal cells). Müller cell stalks became immunoreactive for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) even in IAA-treated retinae that had no signs of cell loss, indicating a response of the retina to the toxin. However, no marked hypertrophy or proliferation of Müller cells was observed with either GFAP or vimentin immunohistochemistry. Thus the selective, long lasting damage to the photoreceptors produced by this toxin did not lead to a reorganization of the surviving cells, at least with survival as long as 6 months, in contrast to the remodeling of the inner retina that is observed in inherited retinal degenerations such as retinitis pigmentosa and retinal injuries such as retinal detachmen

Estrés académico y clima organizacional en estudiantes universitarios de una universidad pública en Perú en pospandemia Covid-19

With COVID 19 it has been evident that university students have been affected psychologically, which in turn was reflected in physiological, emotional, cognitive and behavioral reactions. Will the organizational climate of the university be important for these aspects? The objective of this research work was to determine the relationship between academic stress and the organizational climate in the students of the General Studies Academic Unit of a public university in the post-COVID 19 pandemic. Applied research, descriptive level, was used as a methodology. Correlational design, quantitative approach and survey technique; in addition, a model of interaction of variables by structural equations (SEM) by exploratory factor analysis of the components was proposed. The SISCO Inventory of academic stress and organizational climate instruments were applied on an ordinal scale to a sample of 1,427 students from a population of 1,500. The results obtained indicate that there is a weak and significant inverse relationship between academic stress and organizational climate in the sample. analyzed (Spearman's rho = -0.13; sig = 5%), in addition that coping and symptoms (S) of stress influence the university organizational design (OD), and that OD influences the organizational culture (CUO) and the human potential (PH) of the student; Stressors affect PH, S and the organizational climate.Con la COVID 19 se ha evidenciado que los estudiantes universitarios se han visto afectados en el aspecto psicológico que a su vez fue reflejada en reacciones fisiológicas, emocionales, cognitivas y conductuales, ¿Tendrá el clima organizacional de la universidad importancia para estos aspectos?  El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación, fue determinar la relación entre el estrés académico y el clima organizacional en los estudiantes de la Unidad Académica de Estudios Generales de una universidad pública en pospandemia COVID 19. Como metodología se empleó la investigación aplicada, nivel descriptivo, diseño correlacional, enfoque cuantitativo y, la técnica encuesta, además se propuso un modelo de interacción de variables por ecuaciones estructural SEM por análisis factorial exploratorio de los componentes. Se aplicaron los instrumentos Inventario de SISCO de estrés académico y clima organizacional en escala ordinal a una muestra de 1 427 estudiantes de una población de 1 500. Los resultados obtenidos indican que existe relación inversa débil y significativa entre estrés académico y clima organizacional en la muestra analizada (rho de Spearman =-0.13; sig= 5%), además que el afrontamiento y los síntomas (S) del estrés inciden en el diseño organizacional universitario (DO), y que DO influencia a la cultura organizacional (CUO) y el potencial humano (PH) del estudiante; los estresores afectan a PH, S y el clima organizacional

La Gestion de los Residuos Sólidos por La Empresa Innova Ambiental S.A.C., Lima 2015 y su Impacto en el Medio Ambiente

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como finalidad, dar a conocer la problemática sobre la gestión de los residuos sólidos por la empresa INNOVA AMBIENTAL S.A.C., lima 2015 y su impacto en el medio ambiente, ya que para nadie es un secreto que el calentamiento global está trayendo grandes problemas climáticos a nivel mundial . Este trabajo lo que pretende es dar a conocer lo que la empresa innova ambiental, hace por de una u otra manera coadyuvar a preservar la naturaleza ya que la empresa lo que hace es manejar los residuos sólidos de las empresas que botan al medio ambiente lo que hace es manejar de una mejor manera los residuos sólidos de las empresas a las que brinda este servicio. El siguiente trabajo de investigación incluye información pública, y material tomado sobre otras investigaciones relacionadas con el tema central, además, se presenta textos e informes que forman parte del Marco Teórico.The purpose of this research work is to raise awareness of the problem of solid waste management by the company INNOVA AMBIENTAL S.A.C., Lima 2015 and its impact on the environment, since it is no secret to anybody that global warming is bringing great climatic problems worldwide. This work is intended to publicize what the company innovates environmentally, does in one way or another to help preserve nature as the company what it does is to manage the solid waste of companies that throw into the environment what It does is to manage in a better way the solid waste of the companies to which this service provides. The following research work includes public information, and material taken from other research related to the central theme, in addition, texts and reports that are part of the Theoretical Framework are presented.Trabajo de investigació