Partial Classification of Lorenz Knots: Syllable Permutations of Torus Knots Words

We define families of aperiodic words associated to Lorenz knots that arise naturally as syllable permutations of symbolic words corresponding to torus knots. An algorithm to construct symbolic words of satellite Lorenz knots is defined. We prove, subject to the validity of a previous conjecture, that Lorenz knots coded by some of these families of words are hyperbolic, by showing that they are neither satellites nor torus knots and making use of Thurston's theorem. Infinite families of hyperbolic Lorenz knots are generated in this way, to our knowledge, for the first time. The techniques used can be generalized to study other families of Lorenz knots

Requirements Specification for Controller Design-from Use Cases to IOPT Net Models

12th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics, INDIN , Porto Alegre: Jul 27-30, 2014Non-autonomous Petri nets offer a language especially adapted for controller specifications. They are typically used in the design phase often with no clear connection to the analysis phase, including requirements specification. This paper shows how use cases can be used to support requirements specification amenable to a direct transformation to IOPT nets, a class of non-autonomous Petri nets. To that end, we propose a set of semi-formal rules for use case descriptions, including use case relationships, which take advantage of the concepts available in IOPT nets, namely input and output signals and events and net addition, a net composition operation

Impacto do peso ao nascimento e do estilo de vida sobre os fatores de risco metabólico e cardiovascular em adolescentes

Resumo: Introdução: Estudos recentes sugerem que o crescimento fetal e o crescimento pós-natal estão associados ao desenvolvimento de doenças na vida adulta. Objetivo: Identificar a influência do peso ao nascimento e do estilo de vida (nutrição e atividade física) sobre a presença de fatores de risco para doenças metabólicas e cardiovasculares em adolescentes. Material e Método: Inquérito epidemiológico de corte transversal. Amostra casual aleatória composta por 972 adolescentes (57% meninas) entre 10 e 18 anos provenientes de escolas de Curitiba. Os participantes foram selecionados a partir de questionário respondido pelos responsáveis contendo informações sobre o peso ao nascimento, doenças atuais e história familiar de doenças metabólicas e cardiovasculares. Nas avaliações realizadas nas escolas foram obtidas medidas de peso, altura, circunferência da cintura(CC), pressão arterial, puberdade, recordatório de atividade física e nutricional e realizado teste de aptidão cardiorrespiratória. Foi realizada coleta de sangue com posterior determinação de colesterol total(CT), HDL-C, LDL-C, triglicerídeos(TG), glicemia e insulina. Os indivíduos com peso ao nascimento abaixo do 10º percentil da amostra compuseram o grupo baixo peso(BP) e aqueles entre o 10° e 90° percentis o grupo adequado para o peso(AP). Os resultados são apresentados com média ± desvio padrão. Para as comparações entre os gêneros e os grupos mpregou-se o teste “t” e odd ratio. O nível de significância estabelecido foi de p<0,05. Resultados: A maioria dos avaliados foram considerados púberes; 21,8% dos meninos e 16,7% das meninas apresentavam sobrepeso e 3,9% e 7,7 % respectivamente apresentavam obesidade. O gasto energético, o consumo de calorias e colesterol na alimentação e o VO2máx foram maiores nos meninos. Já as meninas apresentaram valores mais elevados de insulina e HOMA-IR. O consumo de gordura saturada além do recomendado aumentou em 2,5 vezes o risco de SM. Entre os meninos, foram observadas concentrações maiores de CT e TG no grupo com BP ao nascimento; 43% do grupo com BP e 26% do com AP apresentaram valores elevados de CT, seguidos respectivamente de 66% e 53% para valores abaixo do recomendado para HDL-C, 19% e 12% para LDL-C elevados e 23% e 10% para TG elevados. A glicemia alterada foi observada em 6% de ambos os grupos, sendo que 13% dos BP e 10% dos AP manifestaram resistência insulínica. A síndrome metabólica (SM) estava presente em 33% dos meninos com BP e 9% dos com AP, sendo o risco para SM foi quase cinco vezes maior nos com BP. Ainda nos meninos, um VO2máx baixo aumentou em 3.9 vezes o risco de SM. No grupo feminino não foram encontradas diferenças significativas quando agrupadas em BP e AP; 35% das meninas com BP e 27% das AP apresentavam CT elevado e 56% e 54% respectivamente apresentavam concentração baixa de HDL-C. Para o LDL-C e TG a porcentagem com concentrações elevadas variou de 7,7 a 8,9%, sem risco maior para SM entre as meninas com BP. Na regressão múltipla a CC, VO2máx e o peso ao nascimento entraram nos modelos para explicar cerca de 13% a 24% do perfil lipídico. Conclusão: Os resultados do presente estudo reforçam a hipótese de que o tamanho ao nascimento é um fator de risco para doenças metabólicas e cardiovasculares, especialmente para indivíduos do sexo masculino. A atividade física, especialmente a aeróbia, pode reduzir estes riscos

A influência de duas intensidades de treinamento aeróbio sobre a potência aeróbia e anaeróbia de crianças pré-púberes do sexo masculino

Orientador : Wagner de CamposDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educaçao Física. Defesa: Curitiba, 2005Inclui bibliografia e anexosÁrea de concentração: Exercício e esporteResumo: Este estudo teve como objetivo estabelecer a influência de duas intensidades de treinamento aeróbio sobre a potência aeróbia e anaeróbia de crianças pré-púberes da cidade de Curitiba/PR. A amostra foi constituída por 35 crianças, entre 8 a 10 anos, divididas em 3 grupos: O grupo"A" (n=12) que realizou treinamento igualou superior a 70% da FCR, o grupo "B" (n=12) com treinamento igual a 50% da FCR e o grupo "C" (n=11) controle formado por crianças que não realizaram treinamento algum. O treinamento foi ministrado por um período de 2 meses, três vezes por semana. Foi mensurado o índice de massa corporal (IMC) e o percentual de gordura através da equação preditiva de Slaughter (1988); a potência aeróbia foi predita pelo teste de 20m de Léger (1988); a potência anaeróbia através do teste de Wingate. Para assegurar que todas as crianças eram pré-púberes utilizou-se, além da idade cronológica, a auto-avaliação da maturação sexual secundária (TANNER, 1962). O nível de atividade física habitual foi mensurado pelo recordatório de gasto energético (BOUCHARD, 1983). Para tratamento estatístico foi utilizada a análise de variância (two-way) para medidas repetidas com p<0,05. Para o IMC, a análise de variância foi significativa para período de testagem F(1,2,32) = 72,48, p= 0,00001, não apresentando efeitos significativos para grupo de treinamento nem para a interação. Para o percentual de gordura (%G), o resultado da análise de variância apresentou significância para grupo de treinamento F(1,2,32) = 4,21, p= 0,02 e entre o período de testagem com F(1,2,32) = 16,39, p= 0,0003, não sendo encontrada diferença significativa para a interação. O resultado da analise de variância na potência aeróbia relativa (ml·kg-1·min-1 ) indicaram diferenças significativas para grupo de treinamento F(1,2,32) = 9,69, p=0,0005, período de testagem F(1,2,32) = 3,98, p=0,05 e interação com F(1,2,32) = 14,49, p=0,00003. Para potência aeróbia absoluta (l·min-1 ), não ocorreu diferença significativa para grupo de treinamento, mas foi significativa quanto para o período de testagem F(1,2,32) = 51,40, p= 0,0000003 e para a interação F(1,2,32) = 7,59, p= 0,001. Para a potência anaeróbia, o pico potência anaeróbia absoluta (W) não apresentou diferença significativa para grupo de treinamento, sendo significativa para período de testagem F(1,2,32) = 8,77, p= 0,005 e a interação não foi significativa. A resistência anaeróbia relativa (W·kg-1) não indicou diferenças significativas para grupo de treinamento, mas observou-se significância para período de testagem F(1,2,32) = 12,73, p=0,001 e a interação não foi significativa. O pico de potência relativo e a resistência absoluta não apresentaram nenhuma diferença significativa. Concluiu-se que as atividades mais intensas, acima de 70% FCR propiciam ganhos significativos na potência aeróbia relativa e na potência aeróbia absoluta. Atividades de cunho leve com intensidades de 50% FCR não obtiverem diferenças significativas comparadas com o grupo controle. A resposta da potência anaeróbia em função do treinamento aeróbio não apresentou alterações para esta amostra. Palavras-chave: crianças, treinamento, potência aeróbia e anaeróbia.Abstract: The purpose of this study was to verify the influence of two aerobic training intensities on aerobic and anaerobic power of prepubescent boys from Curitiba city. The intenfional sample of 35 children was consisted of 8 to 10 years old children, randomly divided in 3 groups: Group "A", n=12, children who trained equal or superior of 70% of Reserve Heart Rate; Group "B", n=12, children who trained equal of 50% Reserve Heart Rate; Group "C", n=11, control who did not participated on training. The running training sessions were developed during two months, three times/week. Were measured the body mass index (BMI) and the percentage of fat calculated by a predict equation of Slaughter (1988); Aerobic power (V02máx) was evaluated using the 20m shuttle-run test (LÉGER, 1982) and anaerobic power was assessed by the Wingate test, with estipulate load of 7.5% of the body mass. Maturational levei was assessed using the stages of pubic hair (TANNER, 1962). Children showed similar levei of habitual physical activity measured by a three daily physical activity report (BOUCHARD, 1983). Repeated measures ANOVAs (two way) were calculated to determine any significant main effect and Tukey post-hoc was used to follow significant differences (p<0.05). For BMI, the variance analyze was significant between testing F(1,2,32) = 72,48, p= 0,00001, but do not show significance between groups neither for interaction. For percentage of fat (%F), the results of variance analyze show significant between groups of training F(1,2,32) = 4,21, p= 0,02 and testing F(1,2,32) = 16,39, p= 0,0003, but do not show interaction significance. The analyses of variance on aerobic power indicated significant main effects for groups of training F(1,2,32) = 9.69, p=0.0005, testing F(1,2,32) = 3.98, p=0.05 and for the interaction F(1,2,32) = 14.49, p=0.00003. The peak anaerobic power (W) did not show significant difference between groups, but significant were demonstrate between testing F(1,2,32) = 8,77, p= 0,005 and the interaction was not significant. The resistance anaerobic power (W·kg-1 ) did not indicated significant difference between groups, but was observe significant difference for testing F(1,2,32) = 12,73 and not significant for interaction. No significant main effects were found for peak anaerobic power relative (W·kg-1 ) and resistance anaerobic power absolute (W). Concluding after two months training intensity (~70% of FCR) demonstrated to significantly improve to relative and absolute aerobic power of prepubescent children. Light actives with intensity of 50% FCR do not show significant difference when compared with control group. The answer of anaerobic power in function of aerobic training did not show alteration in this study. Key words: children; training; aerobic power; anaerobic power

Development of a dynamic path for a toxic substances mapping mobile robot in industry environment

Some industries have critical areas (dangerous or hazardous) where the presence of a human must be reduced or avoided. In some cases, there are areas where humans should be replaced by robots. The present work uses a robot with differential drive to scan an environment with known and unknown obstacles, defined in 3D simulation. It is important that the robot be able to make the right decisions about its way without the need of an operator. A solution to this challenge will be presented in this paper. The control application and its communication module with a simulator or a real robot are proposed. The robot can perform the scan, passing through all the waypoints arranged in a grid. The results are presented, showcasing the robot’s capacity to perform a viable trajectory without human intervention.Project ”TEC4Growth - Pervasive Intelligence, Enhancers and Proofs of Concept with Industrial Impact/NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000020” is financed by the North Portugal Regional Operational. Programme (NORTE 2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, and through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). This work is also financed by the ERDF European Regional Development Fund through the Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation - COMPETE 2020 Programme within project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006961, and by National Funds through the FCT Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology) as part of project UID/EEA/50014/2013.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Hardware-in-the-loop simulation approach for the robot at factory lite competition proposal

Mobile robotic applications are increasing in several areas not only in industries but also service robots. The Industry 4.0 promoted even more the digitalization of factories that opened space for smart-factories implementation. Robotic competitions are a key to improve research and to motivate learning. This paper addresses a new competition proposal, the Robot@Factory Lite, in the scope of the Portuguese Robotics Open. Beyond the competition, a reference robot with all its components is proposed and a simulation environment is also provided. To minimize the gap between the simulation and the real implementation, an Hardware-in-the-loop technique is proposed that allows to control the simulation with a real Arduino board. Results show the same code, and hardware, can control both simulation model and real robot.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

What s new in the Visionaire system® in second-generation for TKA? a comparative study of accuracy, efficiency and functional results

Background: The aim of the study was to analyze and compare the accuracy, efficiency and functional evolution between the first- and second-generation Patient-specific instrumentation (PSI). Methods: We report our experience in TKA using PSI Visionaire System® (Smith and Nephew®) in 456 procedures. The patients were divided into first- (N=272) and second-generation PSI design (N=184). For the accuracy was analyzed the mechanical results, namely Hip-knee-ankle (HKA) alignment post-TKA and outliers’ frequency; for the efficiency was analyzed the length time surgery, the length of stay and satisfaction, for the functional outcomes was compared the evolution at pain, range of motion, gait perimeter and the domains of the Western ontario and mcmaster osteoarthritis index (WOMAC). The t-test for independent samples was applied in the continuous numeric variables and Qui square tests in the dichotomic nominal variables. Statistical significance was p value<0.05. Results: The alignment of the femur worsened significantly in the second-generation (p=0.002), but the alignment of the tibia was improved (p=0.010). However, not enough to improve significantly the HKA. No significant differences were observed in the frequency of outliers. The length of stay decreased in the second-generation (<0.001). The functioning achieved at first and third months after surgery was lower in second-generation PSI; at first month in the pain and stiffness WOMAC (p=0.030; p>0.001) and in the third in WOMAC stiffness (p<0.001). Conclusions: The second-generation PSI of Visionaire system® improved the alignment of the tibia, but not the alignment of the femur. This change did not produce any improvements in functioning.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

What’s new in the Visionaire system® in second-generation for TKA? a comparative study of accuracy, efficiency and functional results

Background: The aim of the study was to analyze and compare the accuracy, efficiency and functional evolution between the first- and second-generation Patient-specific instrumentation (PSI).Methods: We report our experience in TKA using PSI Visionaire System® (Smith and Nephew®) in 456 procedures. The patients were divided into first- (N=272) and second-generation PSI design (N=184). For the accuracy was analyzed the mechanical results, namely Hip-knee-ankle (HKA) alignment post-TKA and outliers’ frequency; for the efficiency was analyzed the length time surgery, the length of stay and satisfaction, for the functional outcomes was compared the evolution at pain, range of motion, gait perimeter and the domains of the Western ontario and mcmaster osteoarthritis index (WOMAC). The t-test for independent samples was applied in the continuous numeric variables and Qui square tests in the dichotomic nominal variables. Statistical significance was p value&lt;0.05.Results: The alignment of the femur worsened significantly in the second-generation (p=0.002), but the alignment of the tibia was improved (p=0.010). However, not enough to improve significantly the HKA. No significant differences were observed in the frequency of outliers. The length of stay decreased in the second-generation (&lt;0.001). The functioning achieved at first and third months after surgery was lower in second-generation PSI; at first month in the pain and stiffness WOMAC (p=0.030; p&gt;0.001) and in the third in WOMAC stiffness (p&lt;0.001).Conclusions: The second-generation PSI of Visionaire system® improved the alignment of the tibia, but not the alignment of the femur. This change did not produce any improvements in functioning