La ciencia y nosotros

Science is the most refined cultural element to describe and manage the environment. It is the result of a permanent evolutionary algorithm and represents an adaptive biological advantage for the human species. Science evolves socially through physical records and information media, whose changes influence both science and society. Information professionals have been managing these physical records or knowledge containers. The technodigital revolution grows an industrialized information society where science is a productive workforce, with a neurodigital nature, and develops as a collective enterprise. Science containers are now very changeable, plural, segmented, networking, and take on a business look: they become “specific information platforms”. Information professionals’ position is rather weak, but they have the possibility to turn into information engineers, to participate in some of those platforms and to compete individually as information managers in the science arena

Museums of Scarcity and Art Deserts

We review the unwillingness of artistic institutions to engage with their audiences as mirrored in their incapacity to develop meaningful alternatives to art access during the time of the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences. An analysis of the pandemic offerings of some of the biggest museums in the world will allow us to identify their perceived offerings and their understanding of their function in society in contrast with their own statements of purpose. As the cost of accessing any cultural manifestation decreases, we turn from an economy of scarcity to an economy of visual consumption where there is an abundance of resources and attention is scarce. Art institutions and their encircling dynamics of limitation become less interesting for the public, and this results in the exclusion of art from the semantic bubble of a great part of the population

Caracterización, Clasificación y Autenticación de Pimentones mediante huellas HPLC-FLD y HPLC-UV

Treballs Finals de Grau de Química, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Any: 2021, Tutors: Oscar Núñez Burcio, Javier Saurina PurroyIn recent years, there has been a growing interest in the quality of natural foods from society. Consequently, the demand for food traceability has increased and, along with it, measures to satisfy consumer concerns. One of these tools is the Protected Designation of Origin (PDO), which guarantees the quality and geographical origin of a product. In the case of paprika, a red spice obtained after drying and grinding certain varieties of red peppers, there are seven PDOs in the European Union. Even with this quality seal, the products do not escape from food fraud like adulterations with chemicals or paprika from other geographical origins. To avoid this, it is essential to develop new techniques to solve these problems. This project aims to create a non-targeted method that allows the classification of paprika according to their production region. To this end, chromatographic fingerprints obtained by highperformance liquid chromatography with fluorescence (HPLC-FLD) and ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection were proposed as chemical descriptors. The chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 reversed-phase column under gradient elution using acidified water (0.1% formic acid) and acetonitrile as the mobile phase components. The obtained chromatographic fingerprints were analyzed using chemometric techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares - discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). In these studies, apart from ensuring that the proposed methods were robust and reproducible, a classification of the samples with 95.8% accuracy was obtained for both HPLCUV and HPLC-FLD fingerprint

Museums of Scarcity and Art Deserts

We review the unwillingness of artistic institutions to engage with their audiences as mirrored in their incapacity to develop meaningful alternatives to art access during the time of the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences. An analysis of the pandemic offerings of some of the biggest museums in the world will allow us to identify their perceived offerings and their understanding of their function in society in contrast with their own statements of purpose. As the cost of accessing any cultural manifestation decreases, we turn from an economy of scarcity to an economy of visual consumption where there is an abundance of resources and attention is scarce. Art institutions and their encircling dynamics of limitation become less interesting for the public, and this results in the exclusion of art from the semantic bubble of a great part of the population

Income distribution in the Latin American Southern Cone during the first globalization boom, ca: 1870-1920

Latin America is the most unequal region in the world and there is a lively debate concerning the explanations and timing of such high levels of income inequality. Latin America was also the region, not including European Offshoots, which experienced the most rapid growth during the first globalization boom. It can, therefore, be taken as an interesting case study for how globalization forces impinged on growth and income distribution in peripheral regions. This paper presents a first estimate of income inequality in the Southern Cone of South America (Brazil 1872 and 1920, Chile 1870 and 1920, Uruguay 1920) and some assumptions concerning Argentina (1870 and 1920), and Uruguay (1870). We find an increasing inequality trend between 1870 and 1920 which can be explained as a process of inequality both within individual countries and between countries. This trend is discussed along three lines: the relation between inequality and per capita income levels; the dynamics of the expansion to new areas, and movements of relative factor prices and of the terms of trade

Violencia doméstica: una revisión bibliográfica y bibliométrica

La violencia ejercida entre personas vinculadas por lazos familiares y afectivos ha ganado gran relevancia social en los últimos años. Diversos profesionales han propuesto una gran variedad de conceptos para estudiar el fenómeno, sin que exista hasta el momento un acuerdo sobre lo apropiado de cada uno de éstos. El presente estudio se centra en el análisis de la productividad bibliográfica en torno al término Violencia Doméstica (Domestic Violence), quizás el más arraigado para describir la violencia en la pareja, y ofrece datos sobre años de publicación, país, idioma, sexo de la muestra, grupos de edad, revistas y autores más productivos y la relación víctima-agresor en dichas publicaciones, para finalizar con una reflexión sobre la pertinencia de su uso.Domestic violence: A bibliographic and bibliometric review. Violence among relatives and emotionally linked people has recently made a huge social impact. Professionals have suggested diverse concepts to explain the issue, but they have not yet reached an agreement about these concepts. The present work focuses on the scientific yield associated with the keywords «Domestic Violence», perhaps the most commonly used to refer to violence in romantic couples. A series of related publications is analyzed and data about publication years, countries, languages, sample genders, age groups, most prolific journals and authors, and victim-abuser relationships is provided, along with a reflection upon the correctness of the usage of the keyword

Uso pedagógico del blog: un proyecto de investigación-acción en la materia de Educación Física en Educación Secundaria

[EN] The goal of this projectwas to assess the effects of theuse of ablog as aresourcein Physical Education.108 students of 4thgradeof Secondary Education participated in the project, which lastedacompleteacademic year. Data was collected viaquestionnaire. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted to obtain more information.Results showthe highpedagogical value that students give to these digital tools[ES] El objetivo de este trabajo fue conocer los efectos del uso del blogcomo recurso de apoyo a la materia de Educación Física. 108 estudiantes de 4º de ESO participaron en la experiencia, desarrolladaduranteun curso escolar. Los datos se recogieron mediante un cuestionariodesarrolladoad hoc. También se realizaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas para obtener más información. Los resultados indican elgranvalor pedagógico que los estudiantes dan a estas herramientas digitalesS

Sparse multivariate Gaussian mixture regression

Fitting a multivariate Gaussian mixture to data represents an attractive, as well as challenging problem, in especial when sparsity in the solution is demanded. Achieving this objective requires the concurrent update of all parameters (weight, centers, and precisions) of all multivariate Gaussian functions during the learning process. Such is the focus of this paper, which presents a novel method founded on the minimization of the error of the generalized logarithmic utility function (GLUF). This choice, which allows us to move smoothly from the mean square error (MSE) criterion to the one based on the logarithmic error, yields an optimization problem that resembles a locally convex problem and can be solved with a quasi-Newton method. The GLUF framework also facilitates the comparative study between both extremes, concluding that the classical MSE optimization is not the most adequate for the task. The performance of the proposed novel technique is demonstrated on simulated as well as realistic scenarios

Algunas consideraciones jurídico-internacionales acerca de la sentencia de la Sala Penal Especial de la Corte Suprema de la República del Perú contra Alberto Kenya Fujimori Fujimori

En esta contribución se ofrece un análisis desde la perspectiva del Derecho internacional, de la trascendental sentencia de la Sala Penal Especial de la Corte Suprema de la República del Perú, de 7 de abril de 2009, contra el ex presidente Alberto Kenya Fujimori Fujimori. Para ello, se prestará especial atención a las dos cuestiones que se convirtieron en asunto clave en los razonamientos y decisión final de la Sala Especial. De un lado, la potencial calificación jurídica de los hechos enjuiciados como crímenes de derecho internacional, en concreto, como crímenes contra la humanidad; del otro, y aunque con un protagonismo menor, el examen acerca del grado de autoría o participación del ex presidente Fujimori en los delitos en cuestión. Todo ello sin perjuicio de exponer también algunas consideraciones sobre otras cuestiones jurídicas de amplio calado, como la figura de la inmunidad de jurisdicción penal atendiendo a su condición de ex jefe de Estado; y en cuanto a la propia experiencia peruana, la virtualidad o incidencia de la pretendida amnistía otorgada en virtud de la ley 26479, y la ley de supuesta interpretación de ésta, la ley 26492. [ABSTRACT] In this article we will raise an analysis, from an International Law perspective, of the landmark judgment issued by the Special Criminal Chamber of the Peruvian Supreme Court on 7 April 2009 against the former president Alberto Kenya Fujimori Fujimori. To do so, we will focus on the two key issues that were at the forefront of the arguments put forward in the final decision of the Special Chamber. On one hand, the possible legal qualification of the facts as crimes under international law and, in particular, as crimes against humanity; on the other hand -though to a lesser degree- the examination of the level of participation of the former president Fujimori in the commission of the crimes. All of the above, without prejudice to additional considerations regarding other vital legal issues such as the jurisdictional immunity of heads of state and the effects and impact of the amnesty granted by the law 26479 as well as of its interpretation pursuant to law 26492