A numerical method for the dynamics of non-spherical cavitation bubbles

A boundary integral numerical method for the dynamics of nonspherical cavitation bubbles in inviscid incompressible liquids is described. Only surface values of the velocity potential and its first derivatives are involved. The problem of solving the Laplace equation in the entire domain occupied by the liquid is thus avoided. The collapse of a bubble in the vicinity of a solid wall and the collapse of three bubbles with collinear centers are considered

A Simple Class of Bayesian Nonparametric Autoregression Models

We introduce a model for a time series of continuous outcomes, that can be expressed as fully nonparametric regression or density regression on lagged terms. The model is based on a dependent Dirichlet process prior on a family of random probability measures indexed by the lagged covariates. The approach is also extended to sequences of binary responses. We discuss implementation and applications of the models to a sequence of waiting times between eruptions of the Old Faithful Geyser, and to a dataset consisting of sequences of recurrence indicators for tumors in the bladder of several patients.MIUR 2008MK3AFZFONDECYT 1100010NIH/NCI R01CA075981Mathematic

Mechanical Response of He- Implanted Amorphous SiOC/ Crystalline Fe Nanolaminates

This study investigates the microstructural evolution and mechanical response of sputter-deposited amorphous silicon oxycarbide (SiOC)/crystalline Fe nanolaminates, a single layer SiOC film, and a single layer Fe film subjected to ion implantation at room temperature to obtain a maximum He concentration of 5 at. %. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy indicated no evidence of implantation-induced phase transformation or layer breakdown in the nanolaminates. Implantation resulted in the formation of He bubbles and an increase in the average size of the Fe grains in the individual Fe layers of the nanolaminates and the single layer Fe film, but the bubble density and grain size were found to be smaller in the former. By reducing the thicknesses of individual layers in the nanolaminates, bubble density and grain size were further decreased. No He bubbles were observed in the SiOC layers of the nanolaminates and the single layer SiOC film. Nanoindentation and scanning probe microscopy revealed an increase in the hardness of both single layer SiOC and Fe films after implantation. For the nanolaminates, changes in hardness were found to depend on the thicknesses of the individual layers, where reducing the layer thickness to 14 nm resulted in mitigation of implantation-induced hardening

Modeling Nonlinear Behavior in a Piezoelectric Actuator

A piezoelectric tube actuator is employed as a sample positioning device in Nanocut, a cutting instrument conceived to study the mechanics of nanometric cutting. Extension of functionality of the instrument as a nanometric machine tool motivates the search for an accurate model of the actuator for implementing feedback control. A simple nonlinear model describing longitudinal expansion of the piezoelectric tube actuator is presented in this paper. The model derivation is based on a non-formal analogy with nonlinear viscoelastic materials under uniaxial extension, for which the responses to a step input are similar to the piezoelectric tube. Suitability of the model structure for arbitrary inputs is tested by cross-verification between time and frequency domains. Two parameter estimation procedures are examined and the results of the experimental work for characterization, estimation and validation are presented

Costs of production and willingness to pay for potato produced with a lower amount of agrochemicals. A case study in Argentina

In Argentina, potato growing is carried out at different times of the year and regions. The Southeastern Buenos Aires Province (SEBA) is one of the most important areas. The main destination of the product for fresh consumption is the domestic market, and Spunta is the most commercialized variety. Conventional production is characterized by high cost and intensive use of agrochemicals. Several sectors of the population, concerned about the use of agrochemicals and their effects on health and the environment, are willing to pay a Premium for food produced with a lower environmental impact. This work is focused on analyzing if it is feasible to reduce the costs of production when a lower quantity of agrochemicals is employed, and to evaluate if consumers would be willing to pay a differential price for such product.Fil: Rodríguez, Julieta A. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales; Argentina.Fil: Lupín, Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales; Argentina.Fil: Lucca, Ana M. F. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina

Assessment of AC Corrosion Probability in Buried Pipelines with a FEM-Assisted Stochastic Approach

In this paper, a stochastic approach is combined with field theory and circuit methods to study how the geometrical and electrical properties of holidays (defects or pores in the insulating coating) in a metallic pipeline influence the probability of exceeding the current density limit for corrosion. Three-dimensional FEM simulations are conducted to assess the influence of the shape and electrical resistivity of the pore on the computed spread resistance value. The obtained results are then used to evaluate the probability of exceeding a given current density value for different sizes of pore and soil resistivities. Finally, a case of 50 Hz interference along a pipeline-transmission line routing is examined. The probabilistic approach presented in this paper allows the pipeline sections more subjected to the induced AC corrosion risk to be identified to be used as an auxiliary tool for adopting preventive protection countermeasures. Lastly, unlike most papers devoted to assessing electromagnetic interference on pipelines, the present work uses a probabilistic rather than a deterministic approach, representing its main novelty aspect

Deformation Sequence and Paleofluids in Carbonate Buckle Folds Under Transpression (Pag Anticline, External Dinarides, Croatia)

Contractional deformation structures at the front of transpressional orogens display complex three-dimensional geometries deviating from the interpretative templates commonly applied in thrust belts. Accordingly, detailed constraints on deformation patterns and associated paleofluid circulation are desirable, especially for fracture geometry and permeability predictive purposes. The Pag anticline, which is located in the Dinaric fold and thrust belt, provides an appropriate field site for studying fold- and fault-related deformation structures in a transpressive setting. We performed a multiscale structural analysis together with petrographic and stable isotope characterization of the deformation-related calcite cements. Structural mapping suggests that the Pag anticline is a detachment fold developed mainly by buckling, since large-scale thrust faults are absent. Fold tightening in a transpressive setting produced a complex deformational structure including two sets of N-S right-lateral and E-W left-lateral late-stage strike-slip fault sets trending oblique to the NW-SE fold axis. The pre-folding deformation pattern includes incipient normal faults likely related to the forebulge stage, veins and stylolites coherent with NE-SW layer parallel shortening contraction in a strike-slip regime, and metric to decametric scale conjugate thrusts coherent with layer parallel shortening in a compressive regime. Buckle folding preceded propagation of a series of accommodation structures during fold tightening. Petrographic and isotopic data indicate meteoric alteration of the Cretaceous platform carbonates in the prefolding stage, likely due to forebulge subaerial exposure. Layer parallel shortening and early syn-folding veins involved formational fluids resulting from mixed marine and meteoric fluids during folding at shallow burial conditions. Eventually, meteoric fluid infiltrated again along strike-slip faults, acting as cross-formational conduits in the postfolding stage

Búsqueda de genes candidatos que controlen QTLs involucrados en la resistencia al estrés hídrico mediante el análisis de perfiles transcripcionales en especies silvestres de Solanum

La papa (Solanum tuberosum ssp. tuberosum) es el tercer cultivo más importante y la dicotiledónea de mayor importancia en la alimentación. El estrés hídrico es la mayor limitante de la producción. En respuesta a la sequía las plantas activan estrategias que involucran adaptaciones morfológicas, fisiológicas y bioquímicas controladas por un número de genes aditivos y en muchas ocasiones sinérgicos. Esta tesis se focalizó en el análisis de los cambios transcripcionales de las especies silvestres de Solanum: S. venturii (VNT) y S. cardiophyllum (CPH) que presentan comportamientos contrastantes frente al estrés hídrico mediante hibridación con micromatrices de ADNc. Se analizaron 1.033.250 datos de expresión de 32 soportes de cristal de papa, que monitorearon 10 días de evolución del estrés. El análisis bioinformático de los datos de expresión de estas especies arrojó diferencias significativas en los perfiles transcripcionales. El análisis comparativo de estos perfiles reveló que en CPH se ven afectados por el tratamiento de sequía un total de 235 genes, mientras que en VNT la diferenciación involucra 4133 genes. Ambas especies presentan una expresión de 151 genes comunes. Los genes expresados diferencialmente no solo variaron en el número sino también en sus perfiles temporales de expresión. Los genes diferencialmente expresados como respuesta al tratamiento tendieron a agruparse mostrando comportamientos particulares en ambas especies. En CPH, los perfiles de expresión permitieron identificar al menos 5 conglomerados que resumen las principales tendencias del comportamiento de los transcriptos frente al estrés, mientras que en VNT la dinámica de expresión mostró expresiones contrastantes y agrupadas, que sugieren una regulación común sincrónica, confirmando la diversidad genética de respuestas en el germoplasma de especies silvestres de papa. Estas diferencias de expresión entre las especies silvestres de papa sugieren nuevas vías para explotar la variabilidad genética del germoplasma silvestre para el mejoramiento del cultivo. La información generada brinda interesantes genes candidatos involucrados en respuesta al estrés hídrico a la vez que permite identificar secuencias para el desarrollo de marcadores funcionales útiles en programas de mejoramiento asistido.The potato is the third most important crop and the most relevance dicot in feeding. Water stress is the greatest limitation of production. In response to drought, plant triggers strategies that involve morphological, physiological and biochemical changes controlled by a number of additive genes and often synergistic. This Thesis focused on the analysis of transcriptional profiling on Solanum wild species: S. venturii (VNT) and S. cardiophyllum (CPH) that present contrasting behavior under water stress using cDNA microarray hybridizations. We analyzed 1,033,250 expression data of 32 potato chips, which monitored 10 days of stress treatment. Bioinformatic analysis of expression data of wild species showed significant differences in transcriptional profiles. The comparative analysis of these profiles revealed that CPH differentially expressed under drought 235 genes, while VNT involves 4133 differentially genes. Both species have a common expression of 151 genes. Differentially expressed genes vary not only in number but also in their temporal expression profiles. The genes differentially expressed in response to stress tended to cluster following a particular behaviors in both species. In CPH, the expression profiles helped to identify at least 5 clusters that summarize the main trends of behavior of the transcripts under stress, while the dynamics of expression in VNT showed contrasting clustered patterns, suggesting a common regulation synchronously, confirming the genetic diversity of wild potato species responses. These differences in expression between wild potato species suggest new ways to exploit the genetic variability of wild germplasm for crop breeding. The information generated provides interesting candidate genes involved in response to water stress as well as to identify sequences for the development of useful functional Marker Aided Selection (MAS) in Plant Breeding programs.Fil:Lucca, A. María Florencia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina

Analyzing the determinant characteristics for a good performance at enade brazilian exam stratified by teaching modality: face-to-face versus online

The National Student Performance Exam (ENADE) annually evaluates different Brazilian higher education courses. This exam considers both face-to-face and distance learning courses. Distance learning is growing increasingly, especially during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. This study applies different techniques for selecting ENADE 2018 database characteristics, like information gain, gain rate, symmetric uncertainty, Pearson correlation, and relief F. The objective of the work is to discover which personal and socioeconomic characteristics are decisive for the student's performance at ENADE, whether the student is in the context of Distance Education or face-to-face. It can be concluded, among other results, that: the father's level of education directly influences performance; the higher the income, the better the performance; and white students have better performance than black and brown-skinned ones. Thus, the results obtained in this study may initiate analyzes of public policies towards improving performance at ENADE.This study was supported by CNPq (305805/2021-5) and PNPD/CAPES (464880/2019-00)

Mechanical Response of He- Implanted Amorphous SiOC/ Crystalline Fe Nanolaminates

This study investigates the microstructural evolution and mechanical response of sputter-deposited amorphous silicon oxycarbide (SiOC)/crystalline Fe nanolaminates, a single layer SiOC film, and a single layer Fe film subjected to ion implantation at room temperature to obtain a maximum He concentration of 5 at. %. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy indicated no evidence of implantation-induced phase transformation or layer breakdown in the nanolaminates. Implantation resulted in the formation of He bubbles and an increase in the average size of the Fe grains in the individual Fe layers of the nanolaminates and the single layer Fe film, but the bubble density and grain size were found to be smaller in the former. By reducing the thicknesses of individual layers in the nanolaminates, bubble density and grain size were further decreased. No He bubbles were observed in the SiOC layers of the nanolaminates and the single layer SiOC film. Nanoindentation and scanning probe microscopy revealed an increase in the hardness of both single layer SiOC and Fe films after implantation. For the nanolaminates, changes in hardness were found to depend on the thicknesses of the individual layers, where reducing the layer thickness to 14 nm resulted in mitigation of implantation-induced hardening