El comportamiento de los precios de la vivienda en las regiones españolas: principales determinantes.

En este trabajo se efectua un analisis comparado de la evolucion de los precios de la vivienda en las regiones españolas, asi como un estudio econometrico de los principales determinantes del comportamiento de los mismos sobre la base de la distincion teorica entre el mercado de los servicios de vivienda y el de la vivienda como activo de inversion.mercado de la vivienda, analisis regional, modelos econometricos

Sobreexplotación del acuífero del Valle de Toluca y su incidencia en el medio ambiente

El agua es uno de los recursos naturales más importantes para el hombre y las diferentes actividades antrópicas (agrícola, urbana e industrial) han generado un uso incontrolado de este recurso. A medida que la población aumenta, surge el incremento de la demanda de agua y una extracción intensiva en los acuíferos. De los 653 acuíferos que existen en México, 106 acuíferos están sobreexplotados, entre los cuales se encuentra el Acuífero del Valle de Toluca (AVT) (CONAGUA, 2013). El uso del agua subterránea es la principal fuente de agua potable para la población del Valle de Toluca, lo que ha llevado a dicha sobreexplotación del acuífero y al desarrollo de efectos ambientales negativos, tales como la extinción de zonas húmedas y el agrietamiento del terreno. El AVT se encuentra en la poción central del Altiplano Mexicano, dentro de la cuenca Alta del Río Lerma y cubre un área de 2,768 km2. La altitud va a partir de los 2000 msnm correspondientes a la planicie del valle hasta los 4680 msnm en el Nevado de Toluca (CNA-GTZ, 2008)

Diseño de una red de monitoreo del nivel piezométrico mediante el análisis multicriterio

El agua subterránea es un recurso natural vital para el suministro confiable y económico de agua para el consumo humano en zonas urbanas y rurales. De acuerdo con la UNESCO (2009), los sistemas de agua subterránea suministran el 48.23% del agua potable del mundo. Hoy en día, la mitad de las megalópolis del mundo y grandes ciudades en todos los continentes dependen del agua subterránea. El agua subterránea es susceptible a sufrir cambios en su cantidad y calidad, siendo estos cambios frecuentemente procesos muy lentos por lo que necesitan ser monitoreados. El monitoreo de un acuífero es un programa de medición continua y observación de la situación actual del agua subterránea en el espacio y tiempo

Hydrogeochemical characteristics of a volcanic-sedimentary aquifer with special emphasis on Fe and Mn content: A case study in Mexico

Previous studies performed on the volcanic-sedimentary aquifer of the Tenancingo Valley (Mexico) reports high concentrations of Fe, Mn, and NO3 −, and water from several wells receives purification treatments due to presence of Fe and Mn. These studies have not achieved conclusive results regarding the origin of Fe and Mn, nor have hydrogeochemical evaluations of the aquifer been performed. The present study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of the water and identify the geochemical processes that determine presence of Fe and Mn in groundwater. This characterization was based on physicochemical data from well and spring samples (16 samples) during dry and rainy seasons (June and November 2012, respectively). The EC, temperature and pH ranged from 125 to 793 μS cm−1 , 14.5 to 24.9 °C and 6.5 to 8.5 pH units, respectively. The Eh values ranged from −219 to 327 mV, indicating the existence of both reducing and oxidizing zones. Presence of Fe and Mn was detected in both springs and wells; concentrations were higher in well, exceeding 4 mg Fe L−1 and 0.5 mg Mn L−1 . Content of Si ranged from 12 to 47 mg L−1 . A model of the hydrogeochemical behavior of the aquifer was created to highlight the following: i) processes involved in water-rock interactions, including fluctuations in silicate levels that determine anionic and cationic content of water, and ii) redox reactions as the major control processes of Fe and Mn. Water quality for human use is restricted by Fe and Mn content and pH. For irrigation use, significant limitations were not presente

Competencies of the nurses in the limitation of therapeutic effort in the intensive care unit: An integrative review

Objective: Nurses inevitably encounter patients who require care aimed at limiting therapeutic effort (LTE), even though many of them are not prepared to provide support to individuals with terminal illnesses and their families. One of the contexts in which the LTE is considered is the intensive care unit (ICU). This review is to describe the competencies for the execution of a nursing professional role in the LTE in the ICU. Method: An integrative review of the literature published between the years 2010 and 2023. The search was carried out in five databases: Medline, Wiley Online Library, SciELO, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme in Spanish was used as the template for study evaluation. The methodology of the Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM) was used to assess the level of evidence and the degree of recommendation. Result: A total of 25 articles in a wide range of studies were included. The findings suggest that the competencies for LTE in the ICU are direct patient care, family-centered care, and the role of the nurse within the team. However, more high-quality studies are needed to confirm these conclusions. Three categories were identified: (a) competencies as defender agent between the patient, his family, and the interdisciplinary team; (b) competencies for decision-making in limiting the therapeutic effort; and (c) competencies for nursing therapeutic interventions at the end of life. Conclusion: The competencies of the nursing professionals who work in the adult ICU in the LTE are essential to the patient's quality of life, dignity of their death, and comprehensive family support for coping with grief

Beyond Prejudice as Simple Antipathy: Hostile and Benevolent Sexism Across Cultures

The authors argue that complementary hostile and benevolent componen:s of sexism exist ac ro.ss cultures. Male dominance creates hostile sexism (HS). but men's dependence on women fosters benevolent sexism (BS)-subjectively positive attitudes that put women on a pedestal but reinforce their subordination. Research with 15,000 men and women in 19 nations showed that (a) HS and BS are coherenl constructs th at correlate positively across nations, but (b) HS predicts the ascription of negative and BS the ascription of positive traits to women, (c) relative to men, women are more likely to reject HS than BS. especially when overall levels of sexism in a culture are high, and (d) national averages on BS and HS predict gender inequal ity across nations. These results challenge prevailing notions of prejudice as an antipathy in that BS (an affectionate, patronizing ideology) reflects inequality and is a cross-culturally pervasive complement to HS

Meta-Analysis of Studies Analyzing the Role of Human Papillomavirus in the Development of Bladder Carcinoma

Journal Article;PURPOSE We aimed to ascertain the degree of association between bladder cancer and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of observational studies with cases and controls with publication dates up to January 2011. The PubMed electronic database was searched by using the key words "bladder cancer and virus." Twenty-one articles were selected that met the required methodological criteria. We implemented an internal quality control system to verify the selected search method. We analyzed the pooled effect of all the studies and also analyzed the techniques used as follows: 1) studies with DNA-based techniques, among which we found studies with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based techniques and 2) studies with non-PCR-based techniques, and studies with non-DNA-based techniques. RESULTS Taking into account the 21 studies that were included in the meta-analysis, we obtained a heterogeneity chi-squared value of Q(exp)=26.45 (p=0.383). The pooled odds ratio (OR) was 2.13 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.54 to 2.95), which points to a significant effect between HPV and bladder cancer. Twenty studies assessed the presence of DNA. The overall effect showed a significant relationship between virus presence and bladder cancer, with a pooled OR of 2.19 (95% CI, 1.40 to 3.43). Of the other six studies, four examined the virus's capsid antigen and two detected antibodies in serum by Western blot. The estimated pooled OR in this group was 2.11 (95% CI, 1.27 to 3.51), which confirmed the relationship between the presence of virus and cancer. CONCLUSIONS The pooled OR value showed a moderate relationship between viral infection and bladder tumors.Ye

Application of at-line two-dimensional liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry for identification of small hydrophilic angiotensin I-inhibiting peptides in milk hydrolysates

A two-dimensional chromatographic method with mass spectrometric detection has been developed for identification of small, hydrophilic angiotensin I-inhibiting peptides in enzymatically hydrolysed milk proteins. The method involves the further separation of the poorly retained hydrophilic fraction from a standard C18 reversed-phase column on a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) column. The latter column is specifically designed for the separation of hydrophilic compounds. Narrow fractions collected from the HILIC column were analysed for their angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibiting potential in an at-line assay. Fractions showing significant inhibition of ACE were analysed by LC–MS for structure elucidation. With this method the main peptides responsible for ACE-inhibition in the hydrophilic part of a milk hydrolysate could be determined. The ACE-inhibiting peptides RP, AP, VK, EK, and EW explained more than 85% of ACE-inhibition by the hydrophilic fraction

Enfrentando los riesgos socionaturales

El objetivo del libro es comprender la magnitud de los Riesgos Socionaturales en México y Latinoamérica, para comprender el peligro que existe por algún tipo de desastre, ya sea inundaciones, sismos, remoción en masa, entre otros, además conocer qué medidas preventivas, correctivas y de contingencias existen para estar atentos ante alguna señal que la naturaleza esté enviando y así evitar alguna catástrofe. El libro se enfoca en los aspectos básicos de análisis de los peligros, escenarios de riesgo, vulnerabilidad y resiliencia, importantes para la gestión prospectiva o preventiva

What are the beliefs of pediatricians and dietitians regarding complementary food introduction to prevent allergy?

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The timing of complementary food introduction is controversial. Providing information on the timing of dietary introduction is crucial to the primary prevention of food allergy. The American Academy of Pediatrics offers dietary recommendations that were updated in 2008.</p> <p>Objective</p> <p>Identify the recommendations that general pediatricians and registered dietitians provide to parents and delineate any differences in counselling.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A 9-item survey was distributed to pediatricians and dietitians online and by mail. Information on practitioner type, gender, length of practice and specific recommendations regarding complementary food introduction and exposure was collected.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>181 surveys were returned with a 54% response rate from pediatricians. It was not possible to calculate a meaningful dietitian response rate due to overlapping email databases. 52.5% of all respondents were pediatricians and 45.9% were dietitians. The majority of pediatricians and dietitians advise mothers that peanut abstinence during pregnancy and lactation is unnecessary. Dietitians were more likely to counsel mothers to breastfeed their infants to prevent development of atopic dermatitis than pediatricians. Hydrolyzed formulas for infants at risk of developing allergy were the top choice of formula amongst both practitioners. For food allergy prevention, pediatricians were more likely to recommend delayed introduction of peanut and egg, while most dietitians recommended no delay in allergenic food introduction.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>In the prophylaxis of food allergy, pediatricians are less aware than dietitians of the current recommendation that there is no benefit in delaying allergenic food introduction beyond 4 to 6 months. More dietitians than pediatricians believe that breastfeeding decreases the risk of atopic dermatitis. Practitioners may benefit from increased awareness of current guidelines.</p