Preface: development in food industry: innovative functional food and food technology strategies

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Lipid colloidal systems: a strategy to deliver natural bioactive compounds

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Application of nanotechnology in the agro-food sector

Nanotechnology is an emerging field of research that has been widely applied in different scientific and engineering areas. The agro-food sector is not an exception, which considers its applicability in several areas of major interest for both consumers and producers. This review considers major concepts related to nanostructures and nano-based instruments used in the food sector, as well as their applications in agro-food products. Food safety through the use of nanosensors for pathogen detection, smart packaging, and valorisation of food products by nanoencapsulation/nanodelivery of food ingredients (e.g. flavours) are examples of important areas of nanotechnology. Consumers' apprehension regarding food stability and safety issues is also considered.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Editorial on special issue “Lipid nanosystems for local drug delivery”

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Vocal acoustic analysis - Jitter, Shimmer and HNR parameters

A new procedure for Dutomatic diagnosis of pathologies of lhe larynx is presented. The new procedure has the advantage over other traditional techniques an being non-invasive, inexpensive and objective

Phytotherapy and nutritional supplements on breast cancer

Breast cancer is the most frequent type of nonskin malignancy among women worldwide. In general, conventional cancer treatment options (i.e., surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, biological therapy, and hormone therapy) are not completely effective. Recurrence and other pathologic situations are still an issue in breast cancer patients due to side effects, toxicity of drugs in normal cells, and aggressive behaviour of the tumours. From this point of view, breast cancer therapy and adjuvant methods represent a promising and challenging field for researchers. In the last few years, the use of some types of complementary medicines by women with a history of breast cancer has significantly increased such as phytotherapeutic products and nutritional supplements. Despite this, the use of such approaches in oncologic processes may be problematic and patient’s health risks can arise such as interference with the efficacy of standard cancer treatment. The present review gives an overview of the most usual phytotherapeutic products and nutritional supplements with application in breast cancer patients as adjuvant approach. Regardless of the contradictory results of scientific evidence, we demonstrated the need to perform additional investigation, mainly well-designed clinical trials in order to establish correlations and allow for further validated outcomes concerning the efficacy, safety, and clinical evidencebased recommendation of these products.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Cross-cultural validation and psychometric evaluation of the Self-Medication Assessment Tool (SMAT) for assessing and optimizing medication therapy management of older people

Background, rationale and objectives: The assessment of medication management ability in the elderly can be performed using specific tools, such as the Self-Medication Assessment Tool, which considers real and simulated regimens. The objective of this study was to perform the linguistic and cultural adaptation of the Self-Medication Assessment Tool to European Portuguese and determine its psychometric properties. Methods: The adaptation commenced with the translation/back translation cycle completed by 4 independent bilingual experts. The cultural component was accomplished through an external expert meeting and a longitudinal screening of concepts and construct. The pilot study was carried out in a sample of 150 Portuguese community-dwelling elders. Descriptive data, correlations, internal reliability, response consistency and exploratory factor analysis was conducted using SPSS Statistics (v22). Results: The pilot study was carried out in a sample of 150 community-dwelling elders: 112 (74.7%) participants were women; mean age was 74.73 ± 6.43 years. The Self-Medication Assessment Tool (Portuguese version) standard regimen (simulated medication regimen) mean scores were 20.92 ± 6.83 in functional ability and 38.75 ± 5.92 in cognitive ability; the real regimen (medication taken by the elderly) mean scores were 83.74 ± 15.86 in medication recall, 96.96 ± 11.39 in adherence self-report and 4.82 ± 10.1 in intentional non-adherence. Cronbach's α were 0.87 (functional ability), 0.84 (cognitive ability), 0.57 (medication recall), 0.94 (adherence self-report) and 0.79 (intentional non-adherence). The response consistency between test and re-test was verified. Conclusions: We have developed the European Portuguese version of the Self-Medication Assessment Tool with acceptable psychometric properties which can now be employed in the study of the elderly in clinical and research contexts

Patulin bioaccessibility in fruit juices: what happens after ingestion?

As micotoxinas são contaminantes identificados com frequência em diversos géneros alimentícios incluindo fruta e produtos derivados. A exposição a estes metabolitos secundários produzidos por fungos pode provocar efeitos tóxicos para a saúde humana e animal. A patulina é uma micotoxina que ocorre sobretudo em maçãs e alimentos à base de maçã, incluindo os que são consumidos por crianças, tais como purés ou sumos de fruta. A ingestão de alimentos contaminados é considerada a principal via de exposição à patulina pelo que se considera relevante estudar a influência do processo digestivo na potencial toxicidade desta micotoxina. Para o efeito, neste estudo foram determinados os valores de bioacessibilidade da patulina nas fases oral (O), gástrica (G) e intestinal (I) quando presente em sumos de fruta à base de maçã, contaminados artificialmente, aplicando-se, pela primeira vez, o método harmonizado de digestão in vitro. Os valores de bioacessibilidade obtidos (O: 77,8%; G: 79,3%; I: 21,6%) sugerem uma redução dos teores de patulina que ocorre maioritariamente durante a fase intestinal, revelando também a existência de elevada bioacessibilidade nas fases oral e gástrica (superior a 75%). Os resultados indicam a necessidade de um estudo mais detalhado sobre os efeitos da patulina na fase gástrica atendendo ao potencial impacto na saúde humana, em especial em populações mais vulneráveis como as crianças.Mycotoxins are contaminants usually found in foodstuf fs including fruit and products thereof. These secondary metabolites produced by fungi can cause serious human and animal health problems. Patulin is a mycotoxin that occurs primarily in apples and products thereof, including those consumed by children, such as apple purées or fruit juices. The ingestion of contaminated food is the main route of exposure to patulin therefore, it is impor tant to clarify the influence of the digestive process on the potential toxicity of this mycotoxin. The patulin’s bioaccessibility values in the oral (O), gastric (G) and intestinal (I) phases were determined in this study, considering ar tificially contaminated apple-based juices and applying, for the first time, the harmonized in vitro digestion method. The bioaccessibility values obtained (O: 77.8%, G: 79.3%, I: 21.6%) suggest that the reduction of patulin occurs mostly during the intestinal phase, also revealing the existence of high bioaccessibility during the oral and gastric phase (above 75%). These results point the need for fur ther studies on the potential toxic ef fects of patulin at gastric phase par ticularly for vulnerable population groups as children.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Relatório de Estágio no Graal: Violência no namoro e a sua prevenção

O presente relatório é a etapa finalizadora de um estágio curricular, de 400 horas, realizado no Graal, entre 19 de Novembro de 2021 e 17 de Fevereiro de 2022. No primeiro capítulo será caracterizada a instituição, seguindo-se o segundo e o terceiro capítulos onde surge a apresentação dos projectos trabalhados durante este período, assim como a descrição das tarefas realizadas. As duas partes finais consistem numa análise sobre a violência no namoro e a sua prevenção, problematizando a sua eficácia, e em alguns comentários baseados na experiência de estágio.The present report is the final step of a curricular internship, of 400 hours, held at Graal (The Grail Portugal), between November 19, 2021 and February 17, 2022. In the first chapter the institution will be described, followed by the second and third chapters where the projects worked on during this time will be presented, as well as the description of the performed tasks. The two final chapters consist of an analysis of dating violence and its prevention, problematizing its effectiveness, and some considerations based on the internship experience

Licenciamento de estabelecimentos da indústria de alimentos de origem animal

Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina VeterináriaO Decreto-Lei 209/2008 de 29 de outubro, que aprova o regime de exercício da atividade industrial, apresenta uma classificação para os estabelecimentos industriais que assenta no princípio do grau de risco potencial para a pessoa humana e para o ambiente e, desta forma, determina a tramitação dos processos de licenciamento. Os projetos de estabelecimentos da indústria de géneros alimentícios de origem animal submetidos para aprovação, independentemente da tipologia do estabelecimento, são avaliados pelos Serviços Regionais da Direção-Geral de Veterinária com base nas disposições legais e regulamentares vigentes no âmbito da segurança e higiene dos géneros alimentícios de origem animal. Este trabalho apresenta a análise estatística de algumas das atividades desenvolvidas durante o estágio. Assim, no que respeita à avaliação dos projetos submetidos para aprovação através da plataforma de interoperabilidade da Administração Pública a análise torna evidente o valioso contributo do Núcleo Técnico de Licenciamento do Centro no apoio prestado aos requerentes a fim de tornar o processo mais célere e menos dispendioso. Relativamente aos controlos oficiais realizados a estabelecimentos de produtos da pesca revelou uma evolução positiva dos parâmetros avaliados e apontou como parâmetros mais problemáticos o “HACCP” nas 1.ª e 3.ª vistorias e “Higiene e Limpeza” nas 2.ª e 4.ª vistorias. Em relação à inspeção sanitária de produtos da pesca frescos revelou que as maiores quantidades de produtos da pesca frescos rejeitados na Docapesca de Sesimbra e na Docapesca da Figueira da Foz foram capturados usando redes de emalhar e que mais de metade dos produtos da pesca frescos rejeitados na Docapesca da Figueira da Foz eram provenientes de apenas cinco embarcações. Quanto ao controlo oficial de navios o parâmetro “Estruturas” foi o mais problemático e o parâmetro “Rastreabilidade” o menos problemático. E por último, no que concerne aos controlos oficiais das pisciculturas mostrou uma evolução positiva e assinalou o parâmetro “Higiene” como o mais problemático de todos os avaliados. Além da análise estatística, é apresentada a descrição sumária dos procedimentos implicados no controlo de resíduos, na vigilância sanitária da Necrose Hemorrágica Infecciosa e da Septicémia Hemorrágica Viral e, também, na certificação sanitária para exportação de géneros alimentícios de origem animal para países terceiros.ABSTRACT - The Portuguese Decree-law 209/2008 of 29th of October which approves the regulations for the exercise of industrial activity presents a classification for the industrial establishments that is based on the degree of potential risk for humans and for the environment and determines the procedures of the licensing processes. Regardless of the type of establishment, the projects for new industries of food of animal origin are evaluated by the regional veterinary services in the context of the safety and hygiene. This work presents a statistical analysis of some of the activities developed during the internship. Regarding the evaluation of the processes submitted for approval through the Public Administration platform of interoperability, the analysis clearly shows the valuable contribution of center region licensing technical core support provided to applicants in order to make the process faster and less expensive. In relation to the official controls performed to establishments of fishery products, they showed a positive evolution of the evaluated parameters and pointed "HACCP" as the most problematic parameter in the 1st and 3rd surveys and "Hygiene and cleaning" in the 2nd and 4th surveys. Regarding the sanitary inspection of fresh fishing product, it revealed that the largest amounts of fresh fishing product rejected in the Docapesca of Sesimbra and the Docapesca of Figueira da Foz were captured using gill nets and that more than half of the fresh fishing product rejected in the Docapesca of Figueira da Foz were from five vessels only. In the official control of vessels the parameter “Structures" was the most problematic and the parameter "Traceability" the least problematic. Finally, concerning the official control of fish farms, the analysis showed a positive trend over and noted the parameter "Hygiene" as the most problematic of all evaluated. Others aspects are also presented, such as the summary description of the procedures involved in waste control, in the surveillance of Infectious Hemorrhagic Necrosis and Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia and also in the health certification for exports of animal foodstuff to countries not belonging to the European Union