Orientation du systeme d'automatisation de panneaux solairesdans l'espace et on optimiseson design

Cellules et modules solaires photovoltaïques ont basées sur ces largement utilisés comme une des sources d'énergie efficaces non polluants pour divers usages . Le principal problème de notre temps est d'augmenter leur efficacité . Pour cet usage on particulie de la gestion de leur position. Pour une efficacité maximale des modules PV doivent être orientées de sorte que les rayons du soleil qui tombe sur leur surface de travail sous un angle de 900 . Pour atteindre cette exigence est possible uniquement en utilisant des modèles spéciaux de rotation système de suivi de l'essieu pour le contrôle de position sontsem. Le système cellule solaire est un dispositif pour l'orientation des panneaux solaires ou solaire entretien lentille kontsentratorachy tourné vers le soleil

Hydrogen Energy

Hydrogen is the simplest element. An atom of hydrogen consists of only one proton and one electron. It's also the most plentiful element in the universe. Despite its simplicity and abundance, hydrogen doesn't occur naturally as a gas on the Earth - it's always combined with other elements. Water, for example, is a combination of hydrogen and oxygen (H2O). When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/1349

An ICT-Enabled Approach to Optimising the Reliability of Manual Ultrasonic Non-Destructive Testing

Manual Ultrasonic Testing (MUT) is the most cost effective NDT method for the in-situ inspection of aerospace structures, in particular composite structures. However, its defect detection reliability is low. Manual Ultrasonic Testing (MUT) reports may vary depending on the operator conducting the test. Its reliability is therefore greatly influenced by human factors. Nonetheless, MUT continues to play a key role in the NDT suite of techniques. Despite its simplicity, it often meets the required performance at a reduced cost. No mechanised system exists which is as dextrous as the human hand for moving a probe over complex shapes while also dynamically skewing the probe to achieve the maximum amplitude from a reflector. It is therefore worth looking at ways to improve the reliability of MUT

Children’s rights and digital technologies

Digital technologies have reshaped children’s lives, resulting in new opportunities for and risks to their well-being and rights. This chapter investigates the impact of digital technologies on children’s rights through the lens of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. Up until now, not all rights have received the same level of attention in the digital context. Legal and policy discourse in the area of children and digital media predominantly focuses on ‘protection’ rights, albeit with a growing awareness of the tension between ‘protection’ and ‘participation’ rights. ‘Provision’ rights are not often emphasised, other than in the important domain of education. However, all children’s rights should be supported, valued and developed in both online and offline spheres of engagement. Governments, parents, educators, industry, civil society and children’s rights commissioners or ombudspersons should all take up their responsibility to enhance children’s rights in relation to digital technologies, while actively listening and taking account of children’s views when developing laws, policies, programmes and other measures in this field

Comparing proxy and model estimates of hydroclimate variability and change over the Common Era

Water availability is fundamental to societies and ecosystems, but our understanding of variations in hydroclimate (including extreme events, flooding, and decadal periods of drought) is limited because of a paucity of modern instrumental observations that are distributed unevenly across the globe and only span parts of the 20th and 21st centuries. Such data coverage is insufficient for characterizing hydroclimate and its associated dynamics because of its multidecadal to centennial variability and highly regionalized spatial signature. High-resolution (seasonal to decadal) hydroclimatic proxies that span all or parts of the Common Era (CE) and paleoclimate simulations from climate models are therefore important tools for augmenting our understanding of hydroclimate variability. In particular, the comparison of the two sources of information is critical for addressing the uncertainties and limitations of both while enriching each of their interpretations. We review the principal proxy data available for hydroclimatic reconstructions over the CE and highlight the contemporary understanding of how these proxies are interpreted as hydroclimate indicators. We also review the available last-millennium simulations from fully coupled climate models and discuss several outstanding challenges associated with simulating hydroclimate variability and change over the CE. A specific review of simulated hydroclimatic changes forced by volcanic events is provided, as is a discussion of expected improvements in estimated radiative forcings, models, and their implementation in the future. Our review of hydroclimatic proxies and last-millennium model simulations is used as the basis for articulating a variety of considerations and best practices for how to perform proxy–model comparisons of CE hydroclimate. This discussion provides a framework for how best to evaluate hydroclimate variability and its associated dynamics using these comparisons and how they can better inform interpretations of both proxy data and model simulations. We subsequently explore means of using proxy–model comparisons to better constrain and characterize future hydroclimate risks. This is explored specifically in the context of several examples that demonstrate how proxy–model comparisons can be used to quantitatively constrain future hydroclimatic risks as estimated from climate model projections