Inserción de litio en la serie homóloga de los bronces de monofosfato de tungsteno : empleo de técnicas electroquímicas para la caracterización de electrodos de inserción

En el presente trabajo se presenta un estudio de los cambios estructurales provocados por la inserción electroquímica de litio en los miembros de la familia de bronces de monofosfato de tungsteno (PO2)4(WO3)2m. El estudio electroquímico reveló que la inserción de litio en los monofosfatos procede a través de distintos procesos de reducción. La naturaleza de cada uno de los procesos fue elucidada a través de las curvas de relajación de I-t, posteriormente, se asociaron con cambios estructurales mediante la técnica de difracción de rayos-X in-situ al ciclado de la celda electroquímica. Adicionalmente, se evaluaron las propiedades eléctricas de los nuevos bronces sintetizados

Intelligent Waste Separator

Nowadays, trash has become a problem in the society and the ecosystem due to the way people get rid of it. Most of garbage is buried or burnt or even kept in places to which it does not belong. Big volumes of garbage thrown away and the methods used to store it cause air, water, and soil pollution. Fortunately, people can count on other methods to reduce the quantity of produced litter. An answer is recycling by re-using the materials. Currently, the traditional way to separate waste is to use different containers for each kind of waste separating trash manually, which does not always work. The aim of this paper is to present an Intelligent Waste Separator (IWS) which can replace the traditional way of dealing with waste; the proposed device receives the incoming waste and places it automatically in different containers by using a multimedia embedded processor, image processing, and machine learning in order to select and separate waste.ITESO, A.C

Isoterma de langmuir y freundlich como modelos para la adsorción de componentes de ácido nucleico sobre wo3 | langmuir and freundlich isotherms as model for the adsorption of nucleic acid components on wo3

En este trabajo, se estudió el efecto del pH (3-10) en la adsorción de los constituyentes de ácidos nucleicos; nucleobases, nucleósidos y nucleótidos, sobre el trióxido de tungsteno (WO3). Se utilizaron las isotermas de Langmuir y Freundlich para describir los procesos de adsorción. Se observó que el pH neutro favoreció la adsorción de los componentes de ácidos nucleicos. Los datos de adsorción sugieren que existe una considerable diferencia en la capacidad de enlace de las nucleobases y sus derivados sobre el WO3, la cual depende de la arquitectura molecular de las especies adsorbidas. Se encontró que la adsorción de las biomoléculas sobre el catalizador sigue el siguiente orden: Nucleótidos > Nucleósidos > Nucleobases. Los mayores valores de la capacidad máxima de adsorción (Xm) se obtuvieron para los nucleótidos, encontrándose a pH 7 que el CMP’5 (Xm = 64,94 mg/L) > UMP’5 (Xm = 54,64 mg/L) @ GMP’5 (Xm = 54,35 mg/L) > AMP’5 (Xm = 45,05 mg/L). Las constantes de Freundlich (KF) oscilaron entre 4 y 7. Para todos los pH, los nucleósidos y nucleótidos poseen valores de n (constante de intensidad de adsorción) cercanos a la unidad, indicando que los sitios activos del catalizador son equivalentes energéticamente, excepto el AMP’5 a pH 7 (n = 2,16). El pH neutro es óptimo para modificar químicamente la superficie del WO3.Palabras clave: Nucleótido, nucleósido, base nitrogenada, biomoléculas.ABSTRACTIn this paper, we studied the effect of pH (3-10) in the adsorption of nucleic acid constituents; nucleobases, nucleosides and nucleotides, on tungsten trioxide (WO3). Isotherms of Langmuir and Freundlich were used to describe adsorption processes. It was noted that neutral pH favors the adsorption of nucleic acid components. The adsorption date suggests that there is a considerable difference in the binding capacity of the nucleobases and their derivatives on WO3, which depends on the molecular architecture of the adsorbed species. It was found that adsorption of biomolecules onto the catalyst has following sequence: Nucleotide > Nucleoside > Nucleobase. The highest values of the maximum adsorption capacity (Xm) were obtained for nucleotides, finding that at pH 7 the CMP'5 (Xm = 64.94 mg/L) > UMP'5 (Xm = 54.64 mg/L) @ GMP'5 (Xm = 54.35 mg/L) > AMP'5 (Xm = 45.05 mg/L). Freundlich constants (KF) ranged between 4 and 7. For all pH, nucleosides and nucleotides have values of n (constant of adsorption intensity) close to unity, indicating that the active sites of catalyst are energetically equivalent, except the AMP'5 at pH 7 (n = 2.16). The neutral pH is optimum to chemically modify the surface of the WO3.Key words: Nucleotide, nucleoside, nitrogenous base, biomolecules.

Transmitter and receiver equalizers optimization for PCI Express Gen6.0 based on PAM4

The continuously increasing bandwidth demand from new applications has led to the development of the new PCIe Gen6, reaching data rates of 64 GT/s and adopting PAM4 modulation scheme. While PAM4 solves the bandwidth constraint in high-speed interconnects, it brings new challenges for the physical channel analysis. Equalization (EQ) plays an important role even with PAM4 signaling. PCIe specification defines requirements to perform EQ at the transmitter (Tx) and at the receiver (Rx). During the EQ process, one combination of Tx/Rx EQ coefficients must be selected to meet the performance requirements of the system. Testing all possible coefficient combinations is prohibitive. Current industrial practice consists of finding a subset of combinations at post-silicon validation using maps of EQ coefficients. Finding this subset of coefficients is timeconsuming,along with all the new challenges imposed by PAM4. In this paper, we propose an optimization approach for PCIe Gen6 link EQ. Our proposal is based on a suitable objective function formulated over the channel operating margin (COM), which is a new figure of merit (FOM) adopted by standards of communications for signaling speeds beyond 25 Gbps.ITESO, A.C

Measuring trace element fingerprinting for cereal bar authentication based on type and principal ingredient

This paper introduces a method for determining the authenticity of commercial cereal bars based on trace element fingerprints. In this regard, 120 cereal bars were prepared using microwave-assisted acid digestion and the concentrations of Al, Ba, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Rb, Se, Sn, Sr, V, and Zn were later measured by ICP-MS. Results confirmed the suitability of the analyzed samples for human consumption. Multielemental data underwent autoscaling preprocessing for then applying PCA, CART, and LDA to input data set. LDA model accomplished the highest classification modeling performance with a success rate of 92%, making it the suitable model for reliable cereal bar prediction. The proposed method demonstrates the potential of trace element fingerprints in distinguishing cereal bar samples according to their type (conventional and gluten-free) and principal ingredient (fruit, yogurt, chocolate), thereby contributing to global efforts for food authentication.Fil: Pérez Rodríguez, Michael. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Química Básica y Aplicada del Nordeste Argentino. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Naturales y Agrimensura. Instituto de Química Básica y Aplicada del Nordeste Argentino; Argentina. Instituto Tecnologico de Monterrey. Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias.; MéxicoFil: Hidalgo, Melisa Jazmin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Química Básica y Aplicada del Nordeste Argentino. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Naturales y Agrimensura. Instituto de Química Básica y Aplicada del Nordeste Argentino; ArgentinaFil: Mendoza, Alberto. Instituto Tecnologico de Monterrey. Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias.; MéxicoFil: González, Lucy T.. Instituto Tecnologico de Monterrey. Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias.; MéxicoFil: Longoria Rodríguez, Francisco. Centro de Investigacion En Materiales Avanzados; MéxicoFil: Goicoechea, Hector Casimiro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas. Laboratorio de Desarrollo Analítico y Quimiometría; ArgentinaFil: Pellerano, Roberto Gerardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Química Básica y Aplicada del Nordeste Argentino. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Naturales y Agrimensura. Instituto de Química Básica y Aplicada del Nordeste Argentino; Argentin

A Multi-Stage CTLE Design and Optimization for PCI Express Gen6.0 Link Equalization

The continuously increasing bandwidth demand from new applications has led to the development of the new peripheral component interconnect express (PCIe) Gen6, reaching data rates of 64 giga-transfers per second (GT/s) and adopting the pulse amplitude modulation 4-level (PAM4) signaling scheme. While PAM4 solves the bandwidth requirements, it brings new challenges for the physical channel design. PAM4 is more susceptible to errors due to various noise sources caused by reduced voltage (and timing) ranges, yielding a higher bit error rate (BER). It also introduces new challenges in slicers, transition jitter, and equalizers, making of equalization (EQ) a critical process for PAM4 signaling. In this paper, we propose a multi-stage continuous-time linear equalizer (CTLE) with high-band, mid-band, and low-band frequency boost stages to deal with highly lossy channels. Given the complexity of EQ of multi-level signals, optimization techniques are used, including an efficient optimization of the transmitter finite impulse response (FIR) filter and the receiver CTLE tuning.ITESO, A.C

VARIABILIDAD GENÉTICA EN ADN MICROSATÉLITE DE UN NUEVO LINAJE DE OSTIÓN (Crassostrea gigas) EN SONORA

Se evaluó la variabilidad genética en seis loci microsatelitales de dos generaciones consecutivas de un nuevo linaje de Crassostrea gigas que se pretende establecer en los cultivos del Golfo de California. Se detectaron un total de 66 alelos y 146 genotipos en la muestra del conjunto parental y 68 alelos y 168 genotipos en la muestra de la generación F1. El promedio de la heterocigosis observada fue de 0,65 para la generación parental y de 0,67 para la F1, sin diferencias significativas entre ellas. Todos los loci mostraron una deficiencia de heterocigotos con excepción de ucdCg10 en la F1, pero no se encontró evidencia de una endogamia acumulada. Se encontraron diferencias en la distribuciones de las frecuencias alélicas y genotípicas de cinco loci. El monitoreo de la variabilidad genética de organismos provenientes de laboratorios de producción no es un análisis de rutina en el proceso del control de calidad en la mayoría de los laboratorios. El análisis de microsatélites es una buena herramienta para vigilar las fluctuaciones de la heterocigosis a lo largo de la vida productiva de los linajes de cultivo

Motivación Hacia Las Clases De Educación Física En Preadolescentes Mexicanos De Acuerdo Al Género

The aim of the present research was to compare the motivation towards physical education profiles from Mexican elementary school students. The total sample included 274 students (140 girls) from Chihuahua City, Mexico; children's ages ranged from 10 to 12 years. A quantitative approach with a descriptive transversal design was used. Results from a one-way MANOVA followed by univariate analyses of variance showed that compared to boys, girls report higher levels of intrinsic motivation (F = 19.188, p <.001), integrated regulation (F = 13.730, p <.001), identified regulation (F = 11.902, p <.001) and introjected regulation (F = 6.937, p <.01); no significant differences were encountered in external regulation and demotivation. These results indicate that, in general, women show a better profile of motivation towards physical education classes than men. However, it is necessary to develop more research because the issue transcends the scope of the present study