Perivascular adipose tissue as a relevant fat depot for cardiovascular risk in obesity

Obesity is associated with increased risk of premature death, morbidity, and mortality from several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including stroke, coronary heart disease (CHD), myocardial infarction, and congestive heart failure. However, this is not a straightforward relationship. Although several studies have substantiated that obesity confers an independent and additive risk of all-cause and cardiovascular death, there is significant variability in these associations, with some lean individuals developing diseases and others remaining healthy despite severe obesity, the so-called metabolically healthy obese. Part of this variability has been attributed to the heterogeneity in both the distribution of body fat and the intrinsic properties of adipose tissue depots, including developmental origin, adipogenic and proliferative capacity, glucose and lipid metabolism, hormonal control, thermogenic ability, and vascularization. In obesity, these depot-specific differences translate into specific fat distribution patterns, which are closely associated with differential cardiometabolic risks. The adventitial fat layer, also known as perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), is of major importance. Similar to the visceral adipose tissue, PVAT has a pathophysiological role in CVDs. PVAT influences vascular homeostasis by releasing numerous vasoactive factors, cytokines, and adipokines, which can readily target the underlying smooth muscle cell layers, regulating the vascular tone, distribution of blood flow, as well as angiogenesis, inflammatory processes, and redox status. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge and discuss the role of PVAT within the scope of adipose tissue as a major contributing factor to obesity-associated cardiovascular risk. Relevant clinical studies documenting the relationship between PVAT dysfunction and CVD with a focus on potential mechanisms by which PVAT contributes to obesity-related CVDs are pointed out

Composição centesimal da castanha-do-brasil (Bertholletia excelsa) comercializada em Macapá e Santana (AP).

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o valor nutritivo através da composição centesimal da amêndoa da castanha-do-brasil comercializada nas quatro principais feiras dos municípios de Macapá e Santana oriundas das reservas de Iratapuru, Cajari e Maracá

Transcontextual model of motivation in the preaching of healthy lifestyles

El presente trabajo examinó la aplicación del Modelo Transcontextual de la Motivación en la predicción de estilos de vida saludables de atletas veteranos. Se utilizó una muestra de 682 atletas veteranos portugueses de ambos géneros, de edades comprendidas entre los 30 y los 76 años (M=43.64; DT=8.25), dónde a través de cuestionarios se ha medido: la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas, la motivación, las variables del comportamiento planeado y los estilos de vida saludables. De las conclusiones alcanzadas en este trabajo, son de destacar la relevancia de fomentar la necesidad psicológica básica de relación social, ya que ésta favorecerá la motivación intrínseca, promoviendo un mayor control del comportamiento sobre las intenciones de los practicantes, generando así mejores hábitos alimenticios, hábitos de descanso y menor consumo de tabacoThe present paper has examined the application of the Transcontextual Model of motivation in the prediction of healthy lifestyles of veteran athletes. A sample of 682 Portuguese veteran athletes of both sexes, aged between 30 and 76 years (M = 43.64; SD = 8.25), were administered the following questionnaires: satisfaction of needs basic psychological, self-determination motivation, planned behavioral variables and healthy lifestyles. From the conclusions reached in this work, it is important to emphasize the importance of fostering the basic psychological need of relatedness, since this will favor the intrinsic motivation, promoting greater control of behavior over the intentions of practitioners, thus generating more healthy eating habits, rest habits and lower tobacco consumptio

Validation of the questionnaire of the transtheoretical model of change of physical exercise

El objetivo de este estudio fue traducir y validar al español el Cuestionario del Modelo Transteórico del Cambio de Ejercicio Físico de Prochaska y DiClemente (1983). Se utilizó una muestra de 812 personas, entre los 14 y los 88 años (29,5±21,7). Se realizó un análisis factorial confirmatorio, análisis de consistencia interna y validez predictiva. Los resultados del Cuestionario del Modelo Transteórico del Cambio de Ejercicio Físico presentaron valores adecuados (χ2/g.l = 4,3, CFI = 0,92, IFI = 0,92, TLI = 0,90, RMSEA = 0,06, SRMR = 0,05). La consistencia interna mostró valores encima de .70. Se halló una predicción positiva y significativa de los estadios más activos del Modelo Transteórico sobre la intención de ser físicamente activo. Este estudio ha permitido proporcionar un cuestionario válido y fiable para evaluar el estadio en el que se encuentran las personas con respecto a la práctica de ejercicio físico, en el ámbito españolThe aim of this study was to translate and validate in Spanish the Questionnaire of the Transtheoretical Model of Change of Physical Exercise, of Prochaska and DiClemente (1983), and also to make adaptations and modifications as needed. The sample was composed of 812 people, aged between 14 and 88 years (29.5+21.7). Confirmative factorial analysis, analysis of internal consistency and of predictive validity were carried out. After the confirmative factorial analysis, the Questionnaire of the Theoretical Model of Change of Physical Exercise showed acceptable results (x2/g.1=4,3, CFI=0,92, IFI= 0.92, TLI = 0.90, RMSEA = 0.06, SRMR = 0,05). Similarly, internal consistency obtained from the respective dimensions showed values above .70. A positive and significant prediction of the most active stages of the Transtheoretical Model (action and maintenance) was found on the ‘intention to be physically active’. This study has enabled the provision of a valid and reliable questionnair

Produtos e subprodutos da castanha-do-brasil no Estado do Amapá.

A castanha-do-brasil é uma espécie nativa da Amazônia, com ampla distribuição, sendo uma das mais nobres e valiosas da floresta, devido ao seu aproveitamento tanto em termos madereiros como também de seus frutos. Participando na dieta alimentar em várias regiões do Amazonas. O presente documento foi elaborado visando apresentar informações à população, principalmente em termos de composição das vitaminas, minerais e seus óleos essenciais, não apenas em termos quantitativos, mas também em termos qualitativos, que é o enfoque mais moderno nos principais estudos mundiais.bitstream/item/71202/1/AP-2001-produtos-subprodutos-castanha-do-brasil.pd

Avaliação das características químicas do vinho de açaí comercializado em Macapá e Santana (AP).

A bebida proveniente do fruto do açaizeiro, conhecido como vinho, representa item básico na alimentação da população amapaense, estimando-se um consumo médio diário de 27 mil a 34 mil L/dia somente na capital Macapá. Este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar alguns componentes químicos do vinho de açaí, comercializado em quatro pontos distintos dos principais municípios consumidores, de Macapá e Santana (AP), e originados de diferentes locais de coleta dos frutos, com intervalos de tempo entre coleta e processamento distintos. As amostras foram transportadas ao Laboratório de Alimentos da Embrapa Amapá, em recipientes estéreis, onde realizaram-se as avaliações do teor de umidade, sendo a matéria seca determinada por diferença; pH, extrato etéreo (Iipídeos) e da proteína bruta. As amostras de vinho de açaí adquiridas enquadraram-se nos padrões físico-químicos disponíveis na literatura, apresentando-se como alimento altamente calórico com média de 7,1% de lipídeos, mas não podendo ser considerada uma fonte proteica única, pois apresentou teor de 2,1% de proteína bruta, devendo ser ingerida com alimentação complementar

Avaliação físico-química da água de coco-anão cultivado no Estado do Amapá.

Publicado também em: FRAZÃO, D. A. C.; HOMMA, A. K. O; VIÉGAS, I. de J. M. (Ed.). Contribuição ao desenvolvimento da fruticultura na Amazônia. Belém, PA: Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, 2006. p. 349-354

On the impact of covariance functions in multi-objective Bayesian optimization for engineering design

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from the publisher via the DOI in this recordMulti-objective Bayesian optimization (BO) is a highly useful class of methods that can effectively solve computationally expensive engineering design optimization problems with multiple objectives. However, the impact of covariance function, which is an important part of multi-objective BO, is rarely studied in the context of engineering optimization. We aim to shed light on this issue by performing numerical experiments on engineering design optimization problems, primarily low-fidelity problems so that we are able to statistically evaluate the performance of BO methods with various covariance functions. In this paper, we performed the study using a set of subsonic airfoil optimization cases as benchmark problems. Expected hypervolume improvement was used as the acquisition function to enrich the experimental design. Results show that the choice of the covariance function give a notable impact on the performance of multi-objective BO. In this regard, Kriging models with Matern-3/2 is the most robust method in terms of the diversity and convergence to the Pareto front that can handle problems with various complexities.Natural Environment Research Council (NERC

Rewiring strategies for changing environments

A typical pervasive application executes in a changing environment: people, computing resources, software services and network connections come and go continuously. A robust pervasive application needs adapt to this changing context as long as there is an appropriate rewiring strategy that guarantees correct behavior. We combine the MERODE modeling methodology with the ReWiRe framework for creating interactive pervasive applications that can cope with changing environments. The core of our approach is a consistent environment model, which is essential to create (re)configurable context-aware pervasive applications. We aggregate different ontologies that provide the required semantics to describe almost any target environment. We present a case study that shows a interactive pervasive application for media access that incorporates parental control on media content and can migrate between devices. The application builds upon models of the run-time environment represented as system states for dedicated rewiring strategies