1,2-Metallate Rearrangement as a Toolbox for the Synthesis of Allylic Alcohols

The development of new methods and protocols for the synthesis of biologically active substances remains one of the most important pillars in organic chemistry, and one of these privileged structural motifs are allylic alcohols. The method of choice to date for the synthesis of these is the Nozaki-Hiyama-Takai-Kishi reaction. We describe here a valuable alternative to the synthesis of allylic alcohols via 1,2-metallate rearrangement. In this work, various vinyl boronic esters with different functional groups have been applied in the Hoppe-Matteson-Aggarwal reaction. In addition, two monoterpenoids were constructed via this convergent synthetic strategy

Desymmetrization of C2-Symmetric Bis(Boronic Esters) by Zweifel Olefinations

anti-Configured 1,3-dimethyl deoxypropionate motifs are important sub structures in natural products. Herein, we describe a bidirectional approach for the rapid construction of natural products featuring such motifs by using C2-symmetrical 1,3-bis(boronic esters). As for its application in convergent syntheses it was important to establish a selective mono-Zweifel olefination we describe the scope and limitations by using different 1,3-bis(boronic esters) and nucleophiles. This protocol takes advantage of the combination of the Hoppe–Matteson–Zweifel chemistry, which was elegantly put into practice by Aggarwal et al. In order to show its applicability the total syntheses of two natural products, serricornin and (+)-invictolide, were performed. © 2020 The Authors. Published by Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA

Behavioural effects of seismic dose escalation exposure on captive mackerel (Scomber scombrus)

Petroleum and fisheries are two of the most important industries in Norway, and the goal for management is sustainable coexistence for both. Mackerel is an important pelagic fishery resource, and mackerel can very well detect the seismic sound signals. The aim of this project was to investigate the behavioural responses of mackerel to seismic signals, and to evaluate potential responses in terms of affecting the fishery. Wild captured mackerel in a net pen was exposed to escalating seismic signals from an approaching source vessel, while behaviour was constantly monitored with video and echosounder, as well as the sound pressure level and particle motion level recorded with hydrophone and particle motion sensor, respectively. Fish behavior was analyzed in terms of swimming speed, vertical distribution, schooling and group dynamic. We aimed at conducting a dose escalation to identify the sound level at which a response is initiated. No clear responses were identified in response to the sound exposure. In addition, behavioural responses of farmed salmon and rainbow trout was monitored by video surveillance at three close-by aquaculture farms to avoid any potential harmful effects on the farmed fish. However, no behavioural responses in terms of swimming dynamic, swimming speed and collective behavior were observed from these videos .publishedVersio

The coming decade of digital brain research: a vision for neuroscience at the intersection of technology and computing

In recent years, brain research has indisputably entered a new epoch, driven by substantial methodological advances and digitally enabled data integration and modelling at multiple scales— from molecules to the whole brain. Major advances are emerging at the intersection of neuroscience with technology and computing. This new science of the brain combines high-quality research, data integration across multiple scales, a new culture of multidisciplinary large-scale collaboration and translation into applications. As pioneered in Europe’s Human Brain Project (HBP), a systematic approach will be essential for meeting the coming decade’s pressing medical and technological challenges. The aims of this paper are to: develop a concept for the coming decade of digital brain research, discuss this new concept with the research community at large, to identify points of convergence, and derive therefrom scientific common goals; provide a scientific framework for the current and future development of EBRAINS, a research infrastructure resulting from the HBP’s work; inform and engage stakeholders, funding organisations and research institutions regarding future digital brain research; identify and address the transformational potential of comprehensive brain models for artificial intelligence, including machine learning and deep learning; outline a collaborative approach that integrates reflection, dialogues and societal engagement on ethical and societal opportunities and challenges as part of future neuroscience research

Modelling human choices: MADeM and decision‑making

Research supported by FAPESP 2015/50122-0 and DFG-GRTK 1740/2. RP and AR are also part of the Research, Innovation and Dissemination Center for Neuromathematics FAPESP grant (2013/07699-0). RP is supported by a FAPESP scholarship (2013/25667-8). ACR is partially supported by a CNPq fellowship (grant 306251/2014-0)

Desymmetrization of C -Symmetric Bis(Boronic Esters) by Zweifel Olefinations.

anti-Configured 1,3-dimethyl deoxypropionate motifs are important sub structures in natural products. Herein, we describe a bidirectional approach for the rapid construction of natural products featuring such motifs by using C2 -symmetrical 1,3-bis(boronic esters). As for its application in convergent syntheses it was important to establish a selective mono-Zweifel olefination we describe the scope and limitations by using different 1,3-bis(boronic esters) and nucleophiles. This protocol takes advantage of the combination of the Hoppe-Matteson-Zweifel chemistry, which was elegantly put into practice by Aggarwal et al. In order to show its applicability the total syntheses of two natural products, serricornin and (+)-invictolide, were performed

1,2-Metallate Rearrangement as a Toolbox for the Synthesis of Allylic Alcohols

The development of new methods and protocols for the synthesis of biologically active substances remains one of the most important pillars in organic chemistry, and one of these privileged structural motifs are allylic alcohols. The method of choice to date for the synthesis of these is the Nozaki–Hiyama–Takai–Kishi reaction. We describe here a valuable alternative to the synthesis of allylic alcohols via 1,2-metallate rearrangement. In this work, various vinyl boronic esters with different functional groups have been applied in the Hoppe–Matteson–Aggarwal reaction. In addition, two monoterpenoids were constructed via this convergent synthetic strategy

The Total Synthesis of Chondrochloren A.

The first total synthesis of chondrochloren A is accomplished using a 1,2-metallate rearrangement addition as an alternative for the Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi reaction. This transformation also avoids the inherent challenges of this polyketide segment and provides a new, unprecedented strategy to assemble polyketidal frameworks. The formation of the Z-enamide is accomplished using a Z-selective cross coupling of the corresponding amide to a Z-vinyl bromide

Total Synthesis of Pericoannosin A

The first total synthesis of pericoannosin A (<b>1</b>) containing 15 steps in the longest linear sequence with an overall yield of 5.5% is reported. The hybrid peptide–polyketide was isolated from the endophytic fungus <i>Periconia</i> sp. F-31 and bears a unique tricyclic core structure. The key steps are a glycolate aldol reaction and a Diels–Alder reaction utilizing an Evans auxiliary for controlling the stereochemistry. Furthermore, a late-stage equilibration was employed