Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profile of OSCA Gene Family Members in Triticum aestivum L.

Hyperosmolality and various other stimuli can trigger an increase in cytoplasmic-free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]cyt). Members of the Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) reduced hyperosmolality-gated calcium-permeable channels (OSCA) gene family are reported to be involved in sensing extracellular changes to trigger hyperosmolality-induced [Ca2+]cyt increases and controlling stomatal closure during immune signaling. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a very important food crop, but there are few studies of its OSCA gene family members. In this study, 42 OSCA members were identified in the wheat genome, and phylogenetic analysis can divide them into four clades. The members of each clade have similar gene structures, conserved motifs, and domains. TaOSCA genes were predicted to be regulated by cis-acting elements such as STRE, MBS, DRE1, ABRE, etc. Quantitative PCR results showed that they have different expression patterns in different tissues. The expression profiles of 15 selected TaOSCAs were examined after PEG (polyethylene glycol), NaCl, and ABA (abscisic acid) treatment. All 15 TaOSCA members responded to PEG treatment, while TaOSCA12/-39 responded simultaneously to PEG and ABA. This study informs research into the biological function and evolution of TaOSCA and lays the foundation for the breeding and genetic improvement of wheat

The research status and prospects of MUC1 in immunology

In immune processes, molecular – molecular interactions are complex. As MUC1 often appears to be an important molecule in inflammation and tumor immunity, it is necessary to summarize the leading countries, authors, journals, and the cooperation among these entities and, most importantly, to determine the main research directions related to MUC1 in this field and the associated research frontiers. A total of 3,397 related studies published from 2012–2021 were retrieved from the Web of Science core database. The search strategy is TS= (MUC1 OR Mucin-1) refined by WEB OF SCIENCE CATEGORY (IMMUNOLOGY) AND [excluding] PUBLICATION YEARS: (2022) AND DOCUMENT TYPES: (ARTICLE OR REVIEW) AND LANGUAGES: (ENGLISH) AND WEB OF SCIENCE INDEX: (Web of Science Core Collection. SCI), with a timespan of 2012 to 2021. Documented bibliometric visual analysis was performed by CiteSpace and VOSviewer. The number of studies has increased every year. There are 1,982 articles and 1,415 reviews from 89 countries and regions, 3,722 organizations, 1,042 journals, and 17,948 authors. The United States, China, and Germany are the major countries producing publications on this issue. The most published author is Finn OJ and the most influential author is June CH. The key words “chimeric antigen receptor” and “T-cell” highlight the current hot spots and future trends in this field. Research on MUC1 in the field of immunology is still evolving. Through the bibliometric analysis of the existing publications, the current research hotspots and future development trends in this field can be obtained

Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation: a new strategy for Alzheimer’s disease intervention through the brain-gut-microbiota axis?

Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) is an emerging non-invasive technique designed to stimulate branches of the vagus nerve distributed over the body surface. Studies suggest a correlation between the brain-gut-microbiota (BGM) axis and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The BGM axis represents a complex bidirectional communication system, with the vagus nerve being a crucial component. Therefore, non-invasive electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve might have the potential to modify—most of the time probably in a non-physiological way—the signal transmission within the BGM axis, potentially influencing the progression or symptoms of AD. This review explores the interaction between percutaneous vagus nerve stimulation and the BGM axis, emphasizing its potential effects on AD. It examines various aspects, such as specific brain regions, gut microbiota composition, maintenance of intestinal environmental homeostasis, inflammatory responses, brain plasticity, and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis regulation. The review suggests that tVNS could serve as an effective strategy to modulate the BGM axis and potentially intervene in the progression or treatment of Alzheimer’s disease in the future

Application of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by avian influenza A (H7N9) viral pneumonia: national data from the Chinese multicentre collaboration

Abstract Background Evidence concerning the efficacy and safety of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in patients with influenza A (H7N9) has been was limited to case reports. Our study is aimed to investigate the current application, efficacy and safety of ECMO in for severe H7N9 pneumonia-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in the Chinese population. Methods A multicentre retrospective cohort study was conducted at 20 hospitals that admitted patients with avian influenza A (H7N9) viral pneumonia patients’ admission from 9 provinces in China between October 1, 2016, and March 1, 2017. Data from the National Health and Family Planning Commission of China, including general conditions, outcomes and ECMO management, were analysed. Then, successfully weaned and unsuccessfully weaned groups were compared. Results A total of 35 patients, aged 57 ± 1 years, were analysed; 65.7% of patients were male with 63% mortality. All patients underwent invasive positive pressure ventilation (IPPV), and rescue ventilation strategies were implemented for 23 cases (65.7%) with an average IPPV duration of 5 ± 1 d, PaO2/FiO2 of 78 ± 23 mmHg, tidal volume (VT) of 439 ± 61 ml and plateau pressure (Pplat) of 29 ± 8 cmH2O pre-ECMO. After 48 h on ECMO, PaO2 improved from 56 ± 21 mmHg to 90 ± 24 mmHg and PaCO2 declined from 52 ± 24 mmHg to 38 ± 24 mmHg. Haemorrhage, ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and barotrauma occurred in 45.7%, 60% and 8.6% of patients, respectively. Compared with successfully weaned patients (n = 14), the 21 unsuccessfully weaned patients had a longer duration of IPPV pre-ECMO (6 ± 4 d vs. 2 ± 1 d, P < 0.01) as well as a higher Pplat (25 ± 5 cmH2O vs. 21 ± 3 cmH2O, P < 0.05) and VT (343 ± 96 ml vs. 246 ± 93 ml, P < 0.05) after 48 h on ECMO support. Furthermore, the unsuccessfully weaned group had a higher mortality (100% vs. 7.1%, P < 0.01) with more haemorrhage (77.3% vs. 28.6%, P < 0.01). Conclusions ECMO is effective at improving oxygenation and ventilation of patients with avian influenza A (H7N9) induced severe ARDS. Early initiation of ECMO with appropriate IPPV settings and anticoagulation strategies are necessary to reduce complications

Additional file 2: of Application of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by avian influenza A (H7N9) viral pneumonia: national data from the Chinese multicentre collaboration

Blood flow during ECMO between the two groups. In the successfully weaned group vs. the unsuccessfully weaned group, a significant decrease in ECMO blood flow correlated with an increase in the duration of support, which was 3.65 ± 0.70 L/min vs. 4.57 ± 1.02 L/min, respectively, at 72 h (P < 0.05) and 3.65 ± 0.86 L/min vs. 4.62 ± 0.90 L/min, respectively, at 96 h (P < 0.01). (TIFF 185 kb