Randomized Clinical Trial of the Effectiveness of a Home-Based Advanced Practice Psychiatric Nurse Intervention: Outcomes for Individuals with Serious Mental Illness and HIV

Individuals with serious mental illness have greater risk for contracting HIV, multiple morbidities, and die 25 years younger than the general population. This high need and high cost subgroup face unique barriers to accessing required health care in the current health care system. The effectiveness of an advanced practice nurse model of care management was assessed in a four-year random controlled trial. Results are reported in this paper. In a four-year random controlled trial, a total of 238 community-dwelling individuals with HIV and serious mental illness (SMI) were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n=128) or to a control group (n=110). Over 12 months, the intervention group received care management from advanced practice psychiatric nurse, and the control group received usual care. The intervention group showed significant improvement in depression (P=.012) and the physical component of health-related quality of life (P=.03) from baseline to 12 months. The advanced practice psychiatric nurse intervention is a model of care that holds promise for a higher quality of care and outcomes for this vulnerable population

Möglichkeitsräume an Hochschulen post Corona experimentell gestalten

Dieser Beitrag stellt Ergebnisse einer qualitativen Studie vor, die unter Studierenden, Lehrenden und Hochschulleitungen im Frühjahr 2021 an elf Hochschulen fächerübergreifend durchgeführt wurde. Zunächst werden anhand der Begriffe Kontingenz und Möglichkeitsraum die Herausforderungen der Gestaltung der zukünftigen Hochschullehre dargestellt. Die Methode des Experimentierens hat in den Corona-Semestern eine entscheidende Rolle gespielt und kann zusammen mit einer inkrementellen Arbeitsweise auch zukünftig sinnvoll sein. In diesem Artikel werden Dimensionen im Möglichkeitsraum der Hochschullehre erörtert, welche als Experimentierfelder gestaltet werden können

Wissenschaftliche Weiterbildung als Format für Wissenstransfer

Das Aufgabenfeld von Hochschulen umfasst nicht nur Lehre und Forschung, sie sollen auch zur Problemlösung gesellschaftlicher Herausforderungen beitragen. Wissenschaftliche Weiterbildung wird dabei als Format zum Wissenstransfer zwischen Hochschule und Gesellschaft angewendet. Nun stellt sich die Frage, wie dieses Transferformat „wissenschaftliche Weiterbildung“ gestaltet werden kann, damit es gelingt? Der Beitrag behandelt diese Fragestellung, indem er zunächst die Faktoren aufzeigt, die einen Wissenstransfer grundsätzlich beeinflussen. Damit die Einflussfaktoren zu Erfolgsfaktoren des Transferformats der wissenschaftlichen Weiterbildung werden können, erfolgt darauf die Adaption bereits bekannter Gelingensbedingungen aus der transformativen Forschung auf die wissenschaftliche Weiterbildung. Aus der Zusammenführung der Einflussfaktoren und der Gelingensbedingungen ergeben sich Empfehlungen für das Transferformat der wissenschaftlichen Weiterbildung

Wissenschaftliche Weiterbildung als Format für Wissenstransfer

Das Aufgabenfeld von Hochschulen umfasst nicht nur Lehre und Forschung, sie sollen auch zur Problemlösung gesellschaftlicher Herausforderungen beitragen. Wissenschaftliche Weiterbildung wird dabei als Format zum Wissenstransfer zwischen Hochschule und Gesellschaft angewendet. Nun stellt sich die Frage, wie dieses Transferformat „wissenschaftliche Weiterbildung“ gestaltet werden kann, damit es gelingt? Der Beitrag behandelt diese Fragestellung, indem er zunächst die Faktoren aufzeigt, die einen Wissenstransfer grundsätzlich beeinflussen. Damit die Einflussfaktoren zu Erfolgsfaktoren des Transferformats der wissenschaftlichen Weiterbildung werden können, erfolgt darauf die Adaption bereits bekannter Gelingensbedingungen aus der transformativen Forschung auf die wissenschaftliche Weiterbildung. Aus der Zusammenführung der Einflussfaktoren und der Gelingensbedingungen ergeben sich Empfehlungen für das Transferformat der wissenschaftlichen Weiterbildung. (DIPF/Orig.

Cancer immunotherapy:From the lab to clinical applications - Potential impact on cancer centres' organisation

This report covers the Immunotherapy sessions of the 2016 Organisation of European Cancer Institutes (OECI) Oncology Days meeting, which was held on 15th–17th June 2016 in Brussels, Belgium. Immunotherapy is a potential cancer treatment that uses an individual’s immune system to fight the tumour. In recent years significant advances have been made in this field in the treatment of several advanced cancers. Cancer immunotherapies include monoclonal antibodies that are designed to attack a very specific part of the cancer cell and immune checkpoint inhibitors which are molecules that stimulate or block the inhibition of the immune system. Other cancer immunotherapies include vaccines and T cell infusions. This report will summarise some of the research that is going on in this field and will give us an update on where we are at present

SPECIAL COMMUNICATION Health Industry Practices That Create Conflicts of Interest A Policy Proposal for Academic Medical Centers

market incentives in the United States is posing extraordinary challenges to the principles of medical professionalism. Physicians’ commitment to altruism, putting the interests of the patients first, scientific integrity, and an absence of bias in medical decision making now regularly come up against financial conflicts of interest. Arguably, the most challenging and extensive of these conflicts emanate from relationships between physicians and pharmaceutical companies and medical device manufacturers. 1 As part of the health care industry

An Ounce of Prevention is a Ton of Work: Mass Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Anthrax, New York City, 2001

Protocols for mass antibiotic prophylaxis against anthrax were under development in New York City beginning in early 1999. This groundwork allowed the city’s Department of Health to rapidly respond in 2001 to six situations in which cases were identified or anthrax spores were found. The key aspects of planning and lessons learned from each of these mass prophylaxis operations are reviewed. Antibiotic distribution was facilitated by limiting medical histories to issues relevant to prescribing prophylactic antibiotic therapy, formatting medical records to facilitate rapid decision making, and separating each component activity into discrete work stations. Successful implementation of mass prophylaxis operations was characterized by clarity of mission and eligibility criteria, well-defined lines of authority and responsibilities, effective communication, collaboration among city agencies (including law enforcement), and coordination of staffing and supplies. This model can be adapted for future planning needs including possible attacks with other bioterrorism agents, such as smallpox

A Pooled Analysis of Infections, Malignancy, and Mortality in Infliximab- and Immunomodulator-Treated Adult Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

The objective of this study was to analyze the safety of long-term infliximab treatment, with/without concomitant immunomodulators, across Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) clinical trials.status: publishe

Effects of antiplatelet therapy on stroke risk by brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases: subgroup analyses of the RESTART randomised, open-label trial

Background Findings from the RESTART trial suggest that starting antiplatelet therapy might reduce the risk of recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage compared with avoiding antiplatelet therapy. Brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases (such as cerebral microbleeds) are associated with greater risks of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage. We did subgroup analyses of the RESTART trial to explore whether these brain imaging features modify the effects of antiplatelet therapy

Implementation of a Practice Development Model to Reduce the Wait for Autism Spectrum Diagnosis in Adults

This study examined waiting times for diagnostic assessment of Autism Spectrum Disorder in 11 adult services, prior to and following the implementation of a 12 month change program. Methods to support change are reported and a multi-level modelling approach determined the effect of the change program on overall wait times. Results were statistically significant (b = − 0.25, t(136) = − 2.88, p = 0.005). The average time individuals waited for diagnosis across all services reduced from 149.4 days prior to the change program and 119.5 days after it, with an average reduction of 29.9 days overall. This innovative intervention provides a promising framework for service improvement to reduce the wait for diagnostic assessment of ASD in adults across the range of spectrum presentations