The Tax Flight Myth: People Move for Jobs, Housing, Family - Not Taxes

Reducing state income taxes will have no discernible impact on whether people move into or out of Ohio. An overwhelming body of serious economic research shows that people are far more likely to move between states because of job prospects, housing costs, family considerations and weather than because of tax levels. This new study provides additional information showing that taxes do not affect interstate moves in the Ohio region

Updating the Social Contract

Ohioans are struggling through economic slumps and recoveries with less help than in the past, according to this report. The safety net that used to ensure basic needs were met is in tatters, and needs to be updated for today's challenges. This study is based on surveys of 150 non-profit groups that serve more than 100,000 Ohio families, and of 2,000 northeast Ohioans who have needed help affording food, clothing, day care and other essentials during the recent recession. It also analyzes public policy decisions that have affected modest-income families

Fully Dynamic Single-Source Reachability in Practice: An Experimental Study

Given a directed graph and a source vertex, the fully dynamic single-source reachability problem is to maintain the set of vertices that are reachable from the given vertex, subject to edge deletions and insertions. It is one of the most fundamental problems on graphs and appears directly or indirectly in many and varied applications. While there has been theoretical work on this problem, showing both linear conditional lower bounds for the fully dynamic problem and insertions-only and deletions-only upper bounds beating these conditional lower bounds, there has been no experimental study that compares the performance of fully dynamic reachability algorithms in practice. Previous experimental studies in this area concentrated only on the more general all-pairs reachability or transitive closure problem and did not use real-world dynamic graphs. In this paper, we bridge this gap by empirically studying an extensive set of algorithms for the single-source reachability problem in the fully dynamic setting. In particular, we design several fully dynamic variants of well-known approaches to obtain and maintain reachability information with respect to a distinguished source. Moreover, we extend the existing insertions-only or deletions-only upper bounds into fully dynamic algorithms. Even though the worst-case time per operation of all the fully dynamic algorithms we evaluate is at least linear in the number of edges in the graph (as is to be expected given the conditional lower bounds) we show in our extensive experimental evaluation that their performance differs greatly, both on generated as well as on real-world instances

Die jüdische Wohlfahrtspflege in Deutschland : ihre geschichtliche Entwicklung und ihre gegenwärtigen Leistungen

Wenn auch heute, nachdem Staat und Kommunen die Führung übernommen haben, der konfessionellen Wohlfahrtspflege nicht mehr die Bedeutung zukommt, wie in früheren Zeiten, so weist sie doch auch gegenwärtig noch höchst beachtenswerte Leistungen auf; sie ergänzt die öffentliche Wohlfahrtspflege in einem Maße, daß sie in dem weitverzweigten Betriebe unserer öffentlichen Einrichtungen gar nicht wegzudenken ist. Das gilt sowohl von der christlichen, wie der jüdischen Charitas. Aber während die Leistungen der ersteren vor allen Augen offen daliegen, blüht die jüdische Wohlfahrtspflege vielfach im Verborgenen. Sie ist außerdem so weit verzweigt und so reich gegliedert, daß sie kaum von wenigen, und auch von den Fachmännern nicht übersehen werden kann; dies um so mehr, als auch die Literatur die Materie bisher sehr stiefmütterlich behandelt hat und, von dem Aufsatze Breslauers: "Die jüdische Wohltätigkeit und Wohlfahrtspflege in Deutschland" (Archiv für Volkswohlfahrt 1908 S. 97) abgesehen, keine zusammenfassende Bearbeitung dieses Gegenstandes vorhanden ist. ES dürfte daher nicht überflüssig sein, einmal im Zusammenhang darzustellen, wie sich die jüdische WohIfahrtspflege historisch entwickelt hat, welchen Umfang sie in der Gegenwart angenommen hat, ihre charakteristischen Merkmale herauszuschälen und darzulegen, welche Bedeutung ihr im Rahmen der allgemeinen Wohlfahrtspflege zukommt. Dies soll Aufgabe dieser Untersuchung sein, bei der in erster Linie die Verhältnisse in Deutschland berücksichtigt werden sollen

A escola e a família como estratégias sociais na promoção de saúde bucal infantil

TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Curso de odontologia.O objetivo do trabalho foi identificar os métodos de prevenção da doença cárie em crianças de zero a 6 anos de idade realizados na escola e na família, assim como analisar o conhecimento dos professores, pais e/ou responsáveis sobre temas básicos em saúde e higiene bucal, a forma de aquisição desses conhecimentos, a transmissão destes conteúdos às crianças e o interesse no desenvolvimento de atividades de educação em saúde bucal. A pesquisa foi realizada no Núcleo de Educação Infantil (NEI) Nagib Jabour e na creche Fermínio Francisco Vieira ambos na cidade de Florianópolis- SC através de questionários contendo questões abertas e fechadas sobre o assunto. A amostra foi composta por 15 professores e 100 pais e/ou responsáveis de crianças de zero a 6 anos de idade .Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que 73,4% dos professores e 90% dos pais e/ou responsáveis obtiveram informações a respeito dos cuidados que deve-se ter com os dentes das crianças e os métodos de prevenção da doença cárie. No entanto, 70% dos pais e/ou responsáveis responderam que a cárie não é transmitida de pais para filhos. A partir da pesquisa realizada confirma-se a necessidade de maior incorporação dos cirurgiões-dentistas dentro das escolas, tanto para realizar atividades promotoras de saúde bucal quanto para transmitir informações corretas e importantes aos professores para que estes incorporem em seu dia-a-dia pedagógico assuntos sobre a importância de uma boca saudável para a saúde geral do organismo. A presença do cirurgião-dentista dentro da escola o aproxima dos pais e/ou responsáveis que têm papel fundamental na transmissão de hábitos de higiene e de alimentação saudável para as crianças, tornando-o imprescindível no processo de educação em saúde bucal no ambiente familiar e escolar

The Odious Debt System

Over the past forty years, African countries have accumulated enormous quantities of external debt. Today, this debt is heavily burdensome; money spent on debt service is money that cannot be invested into infrastructure development, health, education, or other areas that might benefit the large number of Africans who live in poverty. Calls for debt forgiveness have led western institutions to forgive a portion of this debt, but have not addressed the question of whether or not this debt is legitimate in the first place. Similarly, academic proposals for the classification and subsequent repudiation or forgiveness of so-called odious debt have treated such debt as the product of individual loans. These proposals are premised on the notion that loans are issued in a vacuum, and thus can be classified based on the end use of one-time disbursements of funds. In fact, sub-Saharan Africa accumulated its odious debt not through a series of bad individual loans, but rather through a system of odious lending that afflicted much of the continent. This Odious Debt System begins with the foreign support, funding, and perpetuation of dictatorial rule, continues with the economic collapse, capital flight, and structural adjustment that seems to inevitably follow, and concludes with the odious debt burdens left to struggling countries emerging from autocratic rule. This system, and not any individual loan, is responsible for Africa\u27s odious debt and is similarly responsible for the inability of African countries to seek repudiation of those debts. A political movement, similar to the Jubilee Debt Campaign, is necessary to force creditor nations to cancel these odious debts