ANALISIS PERILAKU PORTAL BIDANG (PLANE FRAME) BAJA HOLLOW YANG DIISI MORTAR FAS 0,4 DENGAN VARIASI KETEBALAN PROFIL

Seiring perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan ketekniksipilan, banyak dikembangkan inovasi dengan menggunakan profil baja. Salah satunya adalah penggunaan baja hollow pada konstruksi struktural. Sebagai material konstruksi, baja hollow mempunyai kelebihan dalam proses perangkaian dikarenakan hasil pabrikasi. Namun, ketika diimplementasikan sebagai batang tekan baja hollow mudah mengalami tekuk karena memiliki lubang di tengah penampang. Peningkatan kapasitas baja hollow dalam menahan tekuk, dilakukan dengan pengisian mortar pada baja hollow. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kekuatan dan daktilitas yang dihasilkan dari portal bidang baja hollow yang diisi mortar dengan variasi ketebalan profil baja hollow. Material yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah baja hollow ukuran profil 80 x 40 mm dengan variasi ketebalan profil 1,1 mm, 1,3 mm, dan 1,5 mm dengan ketinggian portal 500 mm. Mortar yang digunakan dengan FAS 0,4 dan ditambahkan Viscocrete 10 (sebanyak 1% dari berat semen) untuk menghasilkan mortar dengan mutu yang baik. Sebagai kendali mutu, dilakukan pembuatan benda uji kubus berukuran 50 mm x 50 mm x 50 mm sebanyak 6 buah untuk setiap pengecoran. Portal bidang dirangkai dengan metode pengelasan pada sambungan plat buhul yang diawali pengisian mortar secara manual pada baja hollow. Pengujian dilakukan dengan cara pembebanan secara vertikal pada joint 2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin tebal profil yang digunakan maka semakin besar beban maksimum yang mampu diterima, tetapi lendutan yang terjadi tidak semakin kecil dengan bertambahnya ketebalan profil. Beban dan lendutan maksimum pada benda uji PBT1,1 sebesar 11,52 ton dan 6,16 mm; PBT1,3 sebesar 13,24 ton dan 25,64 mm; dan PBT1,5 sebesar 16,72 ton dan 14,65 mm. Indeks daktilitas untuk PBT1,1, PBT1,3, PBT1,5 berturut-turut adalah 1,545; 4,329 dan 3,174. Kegagalan tekuk terjadi pada elemen A1 dan D2, sedangkan kegagalan tarik terjadi pada elemen B2

One special question to start with: can HIF/NFkB be a target in inflammation?

Hypoxia and Inflammation are strictly interconnected with important consequences at clinical and therapeutic level. While cell and tissue damage due to acute hypoxia mostly leads to cell necrosis, in chronic hypoxia, cells that are located closer to vessels are able to survive adapting their phenotype through the expression of a number of genes, including proinflammatory receptors for alarmins. These receptors are activated by alarmins released by necrotic cells and generate signals for master transcription factors such as NFkB, AP1, etc. which control hundreds of genes for innate immunity and damage repair. Clinical consequences of chronic inflammatory reparative response activation include cell and tissue remodeling, damage in the primary site and, the systemic involvement of distant organs and tissues. Thus every time a tissue environment becomes stably hypoxic, inflammation can be activated followed by chronic damage and cell death or repair with vessel proliferation and fibrosis. This pathway can occur in cancer, myocardial infarction and stroke, diabetes, obesity, neurodegenerative diseases, chronic and autoimmune diseases and age-related diseases. Interestingly, proinflammatory gene expression can be observed earlier in hypoxic tissue cells and, in addition, in activated resident or recruited leukocytes. Herewith, the reciprocal relationships between hypoxia and inflammation will be shortly reviewed to underline the possible therapeutic targets to control hypoxia-related inflammation in a number of epidemiologically important human diseases and conditions

Molecular mechanisms of cardioprotective effects mediated by transplanted cardiac ckit+ cells through the activation of an inflammatory hypoxia-dependent reparative response

The regenerative effects of cardiac ckit+ stem cells (ckit+CSCs) in acute myocardial infarction (MI) have been studied extensively, but how these cells exert a protective effect on cardiomyocytes is not well known. Growing evidences suggest that in adult stem cells injury triggers inflammatory signaling pathways which control tissue repair and regeneration. Aim of the present study was to determine the mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective effects of ckit+CSCs following transplantation in a murine model of MI. Following isolation and in vitro expansion, cardiac ckit+CSCs were subjected to normoxic and hypoxic conditions and assessed at different time points. These cells adapted to hypoxia as showed by the activation of HIF-1α and the expression of a number of genes, such as VEGF, GLUT1, EPO, HKII and, importantly, of alarmin receptors, such as RAGE, P2X7R, TLR2 and TLR4. Activation of these receptors determined an NFkB-dependent inflammatory and reparative gene response (IRR). Importantly, hypoxic ckit+CSCs increased the secretion of the survival growth factors IGF-1 and HGF. To verify whether activation of the IRR in a hypoxic microenvironment could exert a beneficial effect in vivo, autologous ckit+CSCs were transplanted into mouse heart following MI. Interestingly, transplantation of ckit+CSCs lowered apoptotic rates and induced autophagy in the peri-infarct area; further, it reduced hypertrophy and fibrosis and, most importantly, improved cardiac function. ckit+CSCs are able to adapt to a hypoxic environment and activate an inflammatory and reparative response that could account, at least in part, for a protective effect on stressed cardiomyocytes following transplantation in the infarcted heart

Novel role for the innate immune receptor toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the regulation of the wnt signaling pathway and photoreceptor apoptosis

Recent evidence has implicated innate immunity in regulating neuronal survival in the brain during stroke and other neurodegenerations. Photoreceptors are specialized light-detecting neurons in the retina that are essential for vision. In this study, we investigated the role of the innate immunity receptor TLR4 in photoreceptors. TLR4 activation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) significantly reduced the survival of cultured mouse photoreceptors exposed to oxidative stress. With respect to mechanism, TLR4 suppressed Wnt signaling, decreased phosphorylation and activation of the Wnt receptor LRP6, and blocked the protective effect of the Wnt3a ligand. Paradoxically, TLR4 activation prior to oxidative injury protected photoreceptors, in a phenomenon known as preconditioning. Expression of TNFα and its receptors TNFR1 and TNFR2 decreased during preconditioning, and preconditioning was mimicked by TNFα antagonists, but was independent of Wnt signaling. Therefore, TLR4 is a novel regulator of photoreceptor survival that acts through the Wnt and TNFα pathways. © 2012 Yi et al

Neotecnicismo na Formação Inicial de Professores: Uma análise das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais

The aim of this text is to analyze how the current national curriculum guidelines for initial teacher training, drawn up in accordance with the National Common Curriculum Base (BNCC), contribute to the advancement of Neotechnicism in the country. To this end, a qualitative, exploratory and documentary study was carried out, analyzing CNE/CP Resolution No. 2 of December 20, 2019, which deals with initial teacher training. The production is divided into two sections, the first of which presents the assumptions and characteristics of Neotechnicism in education, as well as its influence in the school context, culminating in the approval of the BNCC. The second section presents the documentary analysis and problematizes the implications of this political-economic model for teacher education.Este texto tiene como objetivo analizar cómo las actuales directrices curriculares nacionales para la formación inicial docente, desarrolladas en línea con la Base Curricular Común Nacional (BNCC), contribuyen al avance del neotecnismo en el país. Para ello, se desarrolló una investigación cualitativa, exploratoria y documental, con análisis de la Resolución CNE/CP nº 2, de 20 de diciembre de 2019, que trata sobre la formación inicial docente. La producción se organiza en dos secciones, la primera de las cuales presenta supuestos y características del neotecnismo en educación, así como su influencia en el contexto escolar, culminando con la aprobación del BNCC. La segunda sección trae el análisis documental y problematiza las implicaciones de este modelo político-económico para la formación docente.  O presente texto visa analisar como as atuais diretrizes curriculares nacionais para a formação inicial de professores, elaboradas em sintonia com a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), contribuem para o avanço do neotecnicismo no país. Para isso, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória e documental, com análise da Resolução CNE/CP n.º 2, de 20 de dezembro de 2019, que trata da formação inicial de professores. A produção está organizada em duas seções. A primeira seção apresenta pressupostos e características do neotecnicismo na educação, bem como sua influência no contexto escolar, culminando na aprovação da BNCC. A segunda seção traz a análise documental e problematiza as implicações desse modelo político-econômico para a formação de professores

DESFAZENDO MITOS: O QUE ESTÃO FAZENDO COM O SINAES?

O artigo trata da descontinuidade das políticas públicas brasileiras e critica as desconstruções que o SINAES vem sofrendo ultimamente, devido aos usos de índices e as práticas de rankings

Cardiac stem cells possess growth factor-receptor systems that after activation regenerate the infarcted myocardium, improving ventricular function and long-term survival.

Cardiac stem cells and early committed cells (CSCs-ECCs) express c-Met and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptors and synthesize and secrete the corresponding ligands, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and IGF-1. HGF mobilizes CSCs-ECCs and IGF-1 promotes their survival and proliferation. Therefore, HGF and IGF-1 were injected in the hearts of infarcted mice to favor, respectively, the translocation of CSCs-ECCs from the surrounding myocardium to the dead tissue and the viability and growth of these cells within the damaged area. To facilitate migration and homing of CSCs-ECCs to the infarct, a growth factor gradient was introduced between the site of storage of primitive cells in the atria and the region bordering the infarct. The newly-formed myocardium contained arterioles, capillaries, and functionally competent myocytes that with time increased in size, improving ventricular performance at healing and long thereafter. The volume of regenerated myocytes was 2200 m3 at 16 days after treatment and reached 5100 m3 at 4 months. In this interval, nearly 20% of myocytes reached the adult phenotype, varying in size from 10 000 to 20 000 m3. Moreover, there were 4313 arterioles and 15548 capillaries/mm2 myocardium at 16 days, and 316 arterioles and 39056 capillaries at 4 months. Myocardial regeneration induced increased survival and rescued animals with infarcts that were up to 86% of the ventricle, which are commonly fatal. In conclusion, the heart has an endogenous reserve of CSCs-ECCs that can be activated to reconstitute dead myocardium and recover cardiac function

Etnomatematika: Konten Matematika Sekolah Dasar pada Rumah Adat di Kampung Waka Ende NTT

The difficulty of elementary school students in learning mathematics can be overcome through contextual learning, one of which is by using a cultural context. Mathematical content is widely available in cultural elements, one of which is traditional houses. This study aims to explore elementary school math concepts in traditional houses in Waka village, Ende, NTT. This research is a qualitative research with an ethnographic approach. The process of collecting data in this study was carried out by interview, observation and documentation. The results showed that the Waka traditional house was related to elementary school mathematics. Mathematical concepts found in traditional houses in Waga Village are dominated by the concepts of primitive geometric elements (such as points, lines, line segments, angles) and flat and space forms.Kesulitan siswa sekolah dasar dalam mempelajari matematika dapat diatasi melalui pembelajaran yang kontekstual, salah satunya dengan menggunakan konteks budaya. Konten matematika banyak tersedia dalam unsure-unsur budaya, salah satunya adalah rumah adat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi konsep-konsep matematika sekolah dasar pada rumah adat di kampung Waka, Ende, NTT. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Proses pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Trianggulasi data digunakan untuk mengecek keabsahan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa rumah adat Waka mengandung unsur matematika sekolah dasar. Konsep matematika yang ditemukan pada rumah adat di Kampung Waga didominasi oleh konsep unsur-unsur geometri primitif (seperti titik, garis, ruas garis, sudut) dan bentuk bangun datar dan bangun ruang