1,233 research outputs found
Bronchoscopy For Foreign Body Removal: Where Is The Delay? [broncoscopia Para Remoção De Corpo Estranho: Onde Está O Atraso?]
This was a retrospective analysis of the medical charts of 145 patients treated at the Bronchoscopy and Thoracic Surgery Clinic of the Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (HC-Unicamp, State University of Campinas Hospital das Clínicas) over a period of 10 years. There was a significant difference related to the site of first medical visit (Unicamp-HC versus other institutions) in terms of the time elapsed between the suspicion of bronchial aspiration and the actual respiratory endoscopic examination. However, no significant difference was found in the rate of positive results. The low number of referral centers that provide emergency respiratory endoscopy can negatively influence the treatment of patients under suspicion of bronchial aspiration, jeopardizing the overall recovery in the mid- and long-term.3411956958Zerella, J.T., Dimler, M., McGill, L.C., Pippus, K.J., Foreign body aspiration in children: Value of radiography and complications of bronchoscopy (1998) J Ped Surg, 33 (11), pp. 1651-1654Fraga, A.M., Reis, M.C., Zambon, M.P., Toro, I.C., Ribeiro, J.D., Baracat, E.C., Foreign body aspiration in children: Clinical aspects, radiological aspects and bronchoscopic treatment (2008) J Bras Pneumol, 34 (2), pp. 74-82Swanson, K.L., Prakash, U.B., Midthun, D.E., Edell, E.S., Utz, J.P., McDougall, J.C., Flexible bronchoscopic management of airway foreign bodies in children (2002) Chest, 121 (5), pp. 1695-1700Pritt, B., Harmon, M., Schwartz, M., Cooper, K., A tale of three aspirations: Foreign bodies in the airway (2003) J Clin Pathol, 56 (10), pp. 791-794Cataneo, A.J., Reibscheid, S.M., Ruiz Júnior, R.L., Ferrari, G.F., Foreign body in the tracheobronchial tree (1997) Clin Pediatr (Phila), 36 (12), pp. 701-706Applegate, K.E., Dardinger, J.T., Lieber, M.L., Herts, B.R., Davros, W.J., Obuchowski, N.A., Spiral CT scanning technique in the detection of aspiration of LEGO foreign bodies (2001) Pediatr Radiol, 31 (12), pp. 836-840Lima, J.A., Fischer, G.B., Felicetti, J.C., Flores, J.A., Penna, C.N., Ludwig, E., Aspiração de corpo estranho na árvore traqueobrônquica em crianças: Avaliação de seqüelas através de exame cintilográfico. (2000) J Pneumol, 26 (1), pp. 20-24Cassol, V., Pereira, A.M., Zorzela, L.M., Becker, M.M., Barreto, S.S., Corpo estranho na via aérea de crianças. (2003) J Pneumol, 29 (3), pp. 139-144Fraga, J.C., Nogueira, A., Palombini, B.C., Corpo estranho em via aérea de criança. (1994) J Pneumol, 20 (3), pp. 107-111Piva, J., Giugno, K., Maia, T., Mascarenhas, T., Nogueira, A., Kalil, L., Aspiração de corpo estranho: Revisão de 19 casos. (1989) J Pediat, 65 (10), pp. 399-403Inglis Jr, A.F., Wagner, D.V., Lower complication rates associated with bronchial foreign bodies over the last 20 years (1992) Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 101 (1), pp. 61-66Davies, H., Gordon, I., Matthew, D.J., Helms, P., Kenney, I.J., Lutkin, J.E., Long term follow up after inhalation of foreign bodies (1990) Arch Dis Child, 65 (6), pp. 619-621Black, R.E., Choi, K.J., Syme, W.C., Johnson, D.G., Matlak, M.E., Bronchoscopic removal of aspirated foreign bodies in children (1984) Am J Surg, 148 (6), pp. 778-78
CDM Accelerating Cosmology as an Alternative to LCDM model
A new accelerating cosmology driven only by baryons plus cold dark matter
(CDM) is proposed in the framework of general relativity. In this model the
present accelerating stage of the Universe is powered by the negative pressure
describing the gravitationally-induced particle production of cold dark matter
particles. This kind of scenario has only one free parameter and the
differential equation governing the evolution of the scale factor is exactly
the same of the CDM model. For a spatially flat Universe, as predicted
by inflation (), it is found that the
effectively observed matter density parameter is ,
where is the constant parameter specifying the CDM particle creation
rate. The supernovae test based on the Union data (2008) requires so that as independently derived from weak
gravitational lensing, the large scale structure and other complementary
observations.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure
Direct and Inverse Magnetocaloric effects in A-site ordered PrBaMn2O6 manganite in low magnetic fields
The magnetocaloric effect (MCE) of A-site ordered PrBaMn2O6 manganite has
been studied by direct methods and by the specific heat measurements. Direct
measurements of the MCE in low magnetic fields were performed using recently
proposed modulation technique and by classic direct method in high fields.
Direct and inverse MCE are observed at Curie and Neel points correspondingly. A
value of the inverse MCE in the heating run is less than in the cooling regime.
This effect can be attributing to competition between ferromagnetic and
antiferromagnetic interactions. Indirectly estimated and direct MCE values
considerably differ in around first order AF transition.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure
Bulk Viscous LRS Biachi-I Universe with variable and decaying
The present study deals with spatially homogeneous and totally anisotropic
locally rotationally symmetric (LRS) Bianchi type I cosmological model with
variable and in presence of imperfect fluid. To get the
deterministic model of Universe, we assume that the expansion in the
model is proportional to shear . This condition leads to , where ,\; are metric potential. The cosmological constant
is found to be decreasing function of time and it approaches a small
positive value at late time which is supported by recent Supernovae Ia (SN Ia)
observations. Also it is evident that the distance modulus curve of derived
model matches with observations perfectly.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures and 1 table, Accepted for publication in
Astrophysics and Space Scienc
Postintubation Injuries And Open Surgical Tracheostomy: Should We Always Perform Isthmectomy? [sequelas Pós-intubação E Traqueostomia Cirúrgica Aberta: Devemos Sempre Fazer A Istmectomia?]
Objective: To evaluate the influence of the surgical team (general surgery or thoracic surgery) and the surgical technique (with or without isthmectomy) on the incidence of postintubation injuries in the airways of tracheostomized patients. Methods: Between January 1st and August 31st, 2007, 164 patients admitted to the adult intensive care unit and tracheally intubated for more than 24 h were studied prospectively at the Sumaré State Hospital, located in the city of Sumaré, Brazil. When tracheostomy was necessary, these patients were randomly assigned to thoracic or general surgery teams. All of the patients were submitted to fiberoptic tracheoscopy for decannulation or late evaluation of the airway. Results: Of the 164 patients in the study, 90 (54.88%) died (due to causes unrelated to the procedure), 67 (40.85%) completed follow-up, and 7 (4.27%) were lost to follow-up. Of the 67 patients who completed follow-up, 32 had undergone tracheostomy (21 by the general surgery team and 11 by the thoracic surgery team), and 22 had been submitted to isthmectomy (11 by the general surgery team and 11 by the thoracic surgery team). There was no difference between the surgical teams in terms of the incidence of stoma complications. However, there was a significant difference when the surgical techniques (with or without isthmectomy) were compared. Conclusions: Not performing isthmectomy in parallel with tracheostomy leads the surgeon to open the tracheal stoma more distally than expected. In such cases, there were more stoma complications.353227233Maddaus, M.A., Pearson, F.G., Postintubation injury (2002) Pearson's Thoracic and Esophageal Surgery, pp. 300-314. , In: Pearson FG, Patterson GA, editors, Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone/ElsevierStreitz Jr, J.M., Shapshay, S.M., Airway injury after tracheotomy and endotracheal intubation (1991) Surg Clin North Am, 71 (6), pp. 1211-30Park, M., Brauer, L., Sanga, R.R., Kajdacsy-Balla, A.C., Ladeira, J.P., Azevedo, L.C., Percutaneous Tracheostomy in Critically-ill Patients: The Experience of a Medical Intensive Care Unit (2004) J Bras Pneumol., 30 (3), pp. 237-242Ciaglia, P., Firsching, R., Syniec, C., Elective percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy. A new simple bedside procedurepreliminary report (1985) Chest, 87 (6), pp. 715-9Epstein, S.K., Late complications of tracheostomy (2005) Respir Care, 50 (4), pp. 542-9Pearson, F.G., Goldberg, M., da Silva, A.J., A prospective study of tracheal injury complicating tracheostomy with a cuffed tube (1968) Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 77 (5), pp. 867-82Braz, J.R., Navarro, L.H., Takata, I.H., Nascimento Júnior, P., Endotracheal tube cuff pressure: Need for precise measurement (1999) Sao Paulo Med J, 117 (6), pp. 243-7Goldstraw, P., Morgam, C., Tracheostomy (2002) Pearson's Thoracic and Esophageal Surgery, pp. 375-383. , In: Pearson FG, Patterson GA, editors, Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone/ ElsevierPutnam Jr., J.B., Traquéia (2005) Sabiston Tratado De Cirurgia, pp. 1792-1793. , In: Townsend MC, editor, Rio de Janeiro: ElsevierVianna, A., Tracheostomy in patients on mechanical ventilation: When is it indicated? (2007) J Bras Pneumol., 33 (6), pp. xxxvii-xxxviiiPerfeiro, J.A., Mata, C.A., Forte, V., Carnaghi, M., Tamura, N., Leão, L.E., Tracheostomy in the ICU: Is it worthwhile? (2007) J Bras Pneumol., 33 (6), pp. 687-90Leite, A.G., Kussler, D., Management of recurrent distal tracheal stenosis using an endoprosthesis: A case report (2008) J Bras Pneumol., 34 (2), pp. 121-5Arabi, Y., Haddad, S., Shirawi, N., Al Shimemeri, A., Early tracheostomy in intensive care trauma patients improves resource utilization: A cohort study and literature review (2004) Crit Care, 8 (5), pp. R347-52Croshaw, R., McIntyre, B., Fann, S., Nottingham, J., Bynoe, R., Tracheostomy: Timing revisited (2004) Curr Surg, 61 (1), pp. 42-8Walts, P.A., Murthy, S.C., Arroliga, A.C., Yared, J.P., Rajeswaran, J., Rice, T.W., Tracheostomy after cardiovascular surgery: An assessment of long-term outcome (2006) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 131 (4), pp. 830-7Plummer, A.L., Gracey, D.R., Consensus conference on artificial airways in patients receiving mechanical ventilation (1989) Chest, 96 (1), pp. 178-80Leung, R., Macgregor, L., Campbell, D., Berkowitz, R.G., Decannulation and survival following tracheostomy in an intensive care unit (2003) Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol., 112 (10), pp. 853-8Pinet, C., Quenee, V., Sainty, J.M., Significance of systematic endoscopic decannulation. Retrospective study on intensive care patients [Article in French] (1998) Rev Pneumol Clin., 54 (2), pp. 81-4Nouraei, S.A., Singh, A., Patel, A., Ferguson, C., Howard, D.J., Sandhu, G.S., Early endoscopic treatment of acute inflammatory airway lesions improves the outcome of postintubation airway stenosis (2006) Laryngoscope., 116 (8), pp. 1417-21Coelho, M.S., Zampier, J.A., Zanin, S.A., Silva, E.M., Guimarães, P.S., Fístula traqueoesofágica como complicação tardia de traqueostomia (2001) J Pneumol., 27 (2), pp. 119-22Grillo, H.C., Mathisen, D.J., Wain, J.C., Laryngotracheal resection and reconstruction for subglottic stenosis (1992) Ann Thorac Surg., 53 (1), pp. 54-63Saueressig, M.G., Macedo-Neto, A.V., Moreschi, A.H., Xavier, R.G., Sanches, P.R., A correção das estenoses traqueobrônquicas mediante o emprego de órteses (2002) J Pneumol., 28 (2), pp. 84-93Terra, R.M., Minamoto, H., Tedde, M.L., Almeida, J.L., Jatene, F.B., Self-expanding stent made of polyester mesh with silicon coating (Polyflex®) in the treatment of inoperable tracheal stenoses (2007) J Bras Pneumol., 33 (3), pp. 241-7Gravvanis, A.I., Tsoutsos, D.A., Iconomou, T.G., Papadopoulos, S.G., Percutaneous versus Conventional Tracheostomy in Burned Patients with Inhalation Injury (2005) World J Surg., 29 (12), pp. 1571-5Karagiannidis, C., Velehorschi, V., Obertrifter, B., Macha, H.N., Linder, A., Freitag, L., High-level expression of matrix-associated transforming growth factor-beta1 in benign airway stenosis (2006) Chest., 129 (5), pp. 1298-30
Limits on decaying dark energy density models from the CMB temperature-redshift relation
The nature of the dark energy is still a mystery and several models have been
proposed to explain it. Here we consider a phenomenological model for dark
energy decay into photons and particles as proposed by Lima (J. Lima, Phys.
Rev. D 54, 2571 (1996)). He studied the thermodynamic aspects of decaying dark
energy models in particular in the case of a continuous photon creation and/or
disruption. Following his approach, we derive a temperature redshift relation
for the CMB which depends on the effective equation of state and on
the "adiabatic index" . Comparing our relation with the data on the CMB
temperature as a function of the redshift obtained from Sunyaev-Zel'dovich
observations and at higher redshift from quasar absorption line spectra, we
find , adopting for the adiabatic index ,
in good agreement with current estimates and still compatible with
, implying that the dark energy content being constant in time.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figur
An Accelerating Cosmology Without Dark Energy
The negative pressure accompanying gravitationally-induced particle creation
can lead to a cold dark matter (CDM) dominated, accelerating Universe (Lima et
al. 1996) without requiring the presence of dark energy or a cosmological
constant. In a recent study Lima et al. (2008, LSS) demonstrated that particle
creation driven cosmological models are capable of accounting for the SNIa
observations of the recent transition from a decelerating to an accelerating
Universe. Here we test the evolution of such models at high redshift using the
constraint on z_eq, the redshift of the epoch of matter radiation equality,
provided by the WMAP constraints on the early Integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect.
Since the contribution of baryons and radiation was ignored in the work of LSS,
we include them in our study of this class of models. The parameters of these
more realistic models with continuous creation of CDM is tested and constrained
at widely-separated epochs (z = z_eq and z = 0) in the evolution of the
Universe. This comparison reveals a tension between the high redshift CMB
constraint on z_eq and that which follows from the low redshift SNIa data,
challenging the viability of this class of models.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figure
Thermal behaviour of zircon/zirconia-added chemically durable borosilicate porous glass
Macroporous alkali resistant glass has been developed by making additions of zirconia (ZrO2) and zircon (ZrSiO4) to the sodium borosilicate glass system SiO2–B2O3 Na2O. The glass was made using a traditional high temperature fusion process. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) was carried out to identify the glass transition temperature (Tg) and crystallisation temperature (Tx). Based on these findings, controlled heat-treatments were implemented to separate the glass into two-phases; a silica-rich phase, and an alkali-rich borate phase. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to identify any crystal phases present in the asquenched and heat-treated glasses. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy also proved effective in investigating phase separation and crystallisation behaviour. After leaching, a silica-rich skeleton with an interconnected pore structure and a uniform pore distribution was observed. Pore characterisation was carried out using mercury porosimetry. The size and shape of the pores largely depended on the heattreatment temperature and time. ZrO2/ZrSiO4 additions increased the alkali resistance of the porous glass 3–4 times
Cosmological models with linearly varying deceleration parameter
We propose a new law for the deceleration parameter that varies linearly with
time and covers Berman's law where it is constant. Our law not only allows one
to generalize many exact solutions that were obtained assuming constant
deceleration parameter, but also gives a better fit with data (from SNIa, BAO
and CMB), particularly concerning the late time behavior of the universe.
According to our law only the spatially closed and flat universes are allowed;
in both cases the cosmological fluid we obtain exhibits quintom like behavior
and the universe ends with a big-rip. This is a result consistent with recent
cosmological observations.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures; some typo corrections; to appear in
International Journal of Theoretical Physic
Exploratory Behavior, Trap Models and Glass Transitions
A random walk is performed on a disordered landscape composed of sites
randomly and uniformly distributed inside a -dimensional hypercube. The
walker hops from one site to another with probability proportional to , where is the inverse of a formal temperature and
is an arbitrary cost function which depends on the hop distance .
Analytic results indicate that, if and , there
exists a glass transition at . Below
, the average trapping time diverges and the system falls into an
out-of-equilibrium regime with aging phenomena. A L\'evy flight scenario and
applications to exploratory behavior are considered.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, new versio
- …