Rol del ligando del factor nuclear kappa Beta (RANKL) en osteoartritis y osteoclastogénesis de equinos fina sangre de carrera. Uso de antiinflamatorios

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the main conditions that affects the performance of sports horses. Early diagnosis of the disease is relevant in its clinical and therapeutic management. The evidence shows that this process has a clear relationship between osteoclasts and immune cells sharing molecules such as cytokines, receptors, signaling molecules and transcription factors that influence each other where they play a crucial role in both pathological and physiological bone resorption. The role of the nuclear receptor activator ligand-KB (RANKL) is described as one of the most relevant cytokines that induce osteoclastogenesis.La osteoartritis (OA) es una de las principales afecciones que incide en el rendimiento de equinos de deporte. El diagnóstico temprano de la enfermedad es relevante en su manejo clínico y terapéutico. La evidencia demuestra que este proceso tiene una clara relación entre osteoclastos y células inmune compartiendo moléculas como citoquinas, receptores, moléculas de señalización, factores de transcripción que se influencian mutuamente donde juegan un rol crucial tanto en la resorción ósea patológica como fisiológica. Se describe el rol del ligando del activador del receptor nuclear-KB (RANKL) como una de las citoquinas más relevantes que inducen osteoclastogénesis. &nbsp

Osteoartritis: cuantificación del ligando del receptor nuclear kappa-β (RANKL) en líquido sinovial de equinos Fina Sangre de Carrera

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease of great impact that produces functional disability at an early age in racehorses where its diagnosis is usually carried out in advanced stages of the disease. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the presence of the activating receptor ligand of nuclear factor kappa-β (RANKL) in synovial fluid of equines in training. Three healthy horses of two years and four horses of 3-4 years of age with signs of joint inflammation were evaluated clinically and radiographically. Synovial fluid was extracted to quantify the expression of RANKL in different pathological states of the carpus by an ELISA test. The average value of RANKL in healthy horses was 33.13 ± 8.30 pg/ml and in horses with OA signs of 49.03 ± 5.95 pg/ml (p<0.05).Osteoartritis (OA) es una enfermedad de gran impacto que produce invalidez funcional a temprana edad en los caballos de carrera donde su diagnóstico generalmente se lleva a cabo en los estados avanzados de la enfermedad. El objetivo de esta investigación fue demostrar la presencia del ligando del receptor activador del factor nuclear kappa-β (RANKL) en líquido sinovial de equinos en training. Se evaluó clínica y radiográficamente a tres caballos sanos de dos años y cuatro caballos de 3-4 años con signos de inflamación articular. Se les extrajo líquido sinovial para cuantificar la expresión de RANKL en diferentes estados patológicos del carpo mediante una prueba de ELISA. El valor promedio de RANKL en los caballos sanos fue de 33.13 ± 8.30 pg/ml y en los caballos con signos de OA de 49.03 ± 5.95 pg/ml (p<0.05)

Genome-wide identification of new Wnt/β-catenin target genes in the human genome using CART method

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The importance of <it>in silico </it>predictions for understanding cellular processes is now widely accepted, and a variety of algorithms useful for studying different biological features have been designed. In particular, the prediction of <it>cis </it>regulatory modules in non-coding human genome regions represents a major challenge for understanding gene regulation in several diseases. Recently, studies of the Wnt signaling pathway revealed a connection with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. In this article, we construct a classification tool that uses the transcription factor binding site motifs composition of some gene promoters to identify new Wnt/β-catenin pathway target genes potentially involved in brain diseases.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In this study, we propose 89 new Wnt/β-catenin pathway target genes predicted <it>in silico </it>by using a method based on multiple Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis. We used as decision variables the presence of transcription factor binding site motifs in the upstream region of each gene. This prediction was validated by RT-qPCR in a sample of 9 genes. As expected, LEF1, a member of the T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer-binding factor family (TCF/LEF1), was relevant for the classification algorithm and, remarkably, other factors related directly or indirectly to the inflammatory response and amyloidogenic processes also appeared to be relevant for the classification. Among the 89 new Wnt/β-catenin pathway targets, we found a group expressed in brain tissue that could be involved in diverse responses to neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer's disease (AD). These genes represent new candidates to protect cells against amyloid β toxicity, in agreement with the proposed neuroprotective role of the Wnt signaling pathway.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our multiple CART strategy proved to be an effective tool to identify new Wnt/β-catenin pathway targets based on the study of their regulatory regions in the human genome. In particular, several of these genes represent a new group of transcriptional dependent targets of the canonical Wnt pathway. The functions of these genes indicate that they are involved in pathophysiology related to Alzheimer's disease or other brain disorders.</p

Acceso, uso y actitudes de Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación en personas mayores durante la pandemia de COVID-19

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the digital divide among older adults. Their everyday needs and mobility constraints forced them to go online, challenging older adults with limited access to Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and scarce digital abilities. Objective: This study explores factors influencing older adults' use and perception of ICTs during the pandemic. Methodology: We conducted a survey of vulnerable elderly individuals in Santiago, Chile (N=251) and followed up with face-to-face interviews with 20 participants. Results: The findings indicate that frequent smartphone use among older adults is positively correlated with their perception of comfort, usefulness, control over the device, and willingness to use it. Active users exhibit higher confidence levels and engage in a broader range of online activities, while moderate users feel less inclined to bridge the digital gap, experiencing a sense of exclusion. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of perceived control in shaping smartphone usage among older adults and underscores the interplay between attitudes and technology adoption. Despite some limitations, this research offers valuable insights into the perspectives of non-users and proxy users, as well as the barriers to internet access during a crisis.Introducción: La pandemia de COVID-19 resaltó la brecha digital entre las Personas Mayores (PM). Sus necesidades cotidianas y las limitaciones de movilidad los obligaron a conectarse en línea. Esto desafió a las PM con acceso limitado a las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) y escasas habilidades digitales. Objetivos: Este trabajo explora factores asociados al uso y percepción de TIC entre las PM en tiempos de COVID-19. Metodología: Realizamos una encuesta a personas mayores vulnerables en Santiago, Chile (N=251) y seguimos con entrevistas en profundidad a 20 participantes. Resultados: Los hallazgos sugieren que el uso frecuente de Smartphones entre las personas mayores está positivamente correlacionado con su percepción de comodidad, utilidad, control sobre el dispositivo y disposición para usarlo. Los usuarios activos muestran niveles de confianza más altos y participan en una gama más amplia de actividades en línea, mientras que los usuarios moderados se sienten menos inclinados a cerrar la brecha digital, experimentando una sensación de exclusión. Conclusión: El estudio destaca la importancia del control percibido en la configuración de los patrones de uso de Smartphones entre las personas mayores, resaltando la interacción entre las actitudes y la adopción de tecnología. A pesar de sus limitaciones, esta investigación proporciona información valiosa sobre las perspectivas de los no usuarios y los usuarios por proxy, y las barreras al acceso a Internet durante situaciones de crisis

Alteration of Gene Expression Profile in Niemann-Pick Type C Mice Correlates with Tissue Damage and Oxidative Stress

Background: Niemann-Pick type C disease (NPC) is a neurovisceral lipid storage disorder mainly characterized by unesterified cholesterol accumulation in lysosomal/late endosomal compartments, although there is also an important storage for several other kind of lipids. The main tissues affected by the disease are the liver and the cerebellum. Oxidative stress has been described in various NPC cells and tissues, such as liver and cerebellum. Although considerable alterations occur in the liver, the pathological mechanisms involved in hepatocyte damage and death have not been clearly defined. Here, we assessed hepatic tissue integrity, biochemical and oxidative stress parameters of wild-type control (Npc1 +/+; WT) and homozygous-mutant (Npc1 -/-; NPC) mice. In addition, the mRNA abundance of genes encoding proteins associated with oxidative stress, copper metabolism, fibrosis, inflammation and cholesterol metabolism were analyzed in livers and cerebella of WT and NPC mice. Methodology/P

Skin multi-omics-based interactome analysis: integrating the tissue and mucus exuded layer for a comprehensive understanding of the teleost mucosa functionality as model of study

From a general structural perspective, a mucosal tissue is constituted by two main matrices: the tissue and the secreted mucus. Jointly, they fulfill a wide range of functions including the protection of the epithelial layer. In this study, we simultaneously analyzed the epithelial tissue and the secreted mucus response using a holistic interactome-based multi-omics approach. The effect of the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) skin mucosa to a dietary inclusion of spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP) was evaluated. The epithelial skin microarrays-based transcriptome data showed 194 differentially expressed genes, meanwhile the exuded mucus proteome analysis 35 differentially synthesized proteins. Separately, the skin transcripteractome revealed an expression profile that favored biological mechanisms associated to gene expression, biogenesis, vesicle function, protein transport and localization to the membrane. Mucus proteome showed an enhanced protective role with putatively higher antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The integrated skin mucosa multi-interactome analysis evidenced the interrelationship and synergy between the metabolism and the exuded mucus functions improving specifically the tissue development, innate defenses, and environment recognition. Histologically, the skin increased in thickness and in number of mucous cells. A positive impact on animal performance, growth and feed efficiency was also registered. Collectively, the results suggest an intimate crosstalk between skin tissue and its exuded mucus in response to the nutritional stimulus (SDPP supplementation) that favors the stimulation of cell protein turnover and the activation of the exudation machinery in the skin mucosa. Thus, the multi-omics-based interactome analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of the biological context of response that takes place in a mucosal tissue. In perspective, this strategy is applicable for evaluating the effect of any experimental variable on any mucosal tissue functionality, including the benefits this assessment may provide on the study of the mammalian mucosa

Identification of woolliness response genes in peach fruit after post-harvest treatments

Woolliness is a physiological disorder of peaches and nectarines that becomes apparent when fruit are ripened after prolonged periods of cold storage. This disorder is of commercial importance since shipping of peaches to distant markets and storage before selling require low temperature. However, knowledge about the molecular basis of peach woolliness is still incomplete. To address this issue, a nylon macroarray containing 847 non-redundant expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from a ripe peach fruit cDNA library was developed and used. Gene expression changes of peach fruit (Prunus persica cv. O'Henry) ripened for 7 d at 21 °C (juicy fruit) were compared with those of fruit stored for 15 d at 4 °C and then ripened for 7 d at 21 °C (woolly fruit). A total of 106 genes were found to be differentially expressed between juicy and woolly fruit. Data analysis indicated that the activity of most of these genes (>90%) was repressed in the woolly fruit. In cold-stored peaches (cv. O'Henry), the expression level of selected genes (cobra, endopolygalacturonase, cinnamoyl-CoA-reductase, and rab11) was lower than in the juicy fruit, and it remained low in woolly peaches after ripening, a pattern that was conserved in woolly fruit from two other commercial cultivars (cv. Flamekist and cv. Elegant Lady). In addition, the results of this study indicate that molecular changes during fruit woolliness involve changes in the expression of genes associated with cell wall metabolism and endomembrane trafficking. Overall, the results reported here provide an initial characterization of the transcriptome activity of peach fruit under different post-harvest treatments

\'Historia Magistra Vitae\': history and oratory in Cicero

O objetivo do presente mestrado é examinar as relações entre escrita da história e oratória na obra de Marco Túlio Cícero, considerando, sobretudo, as reflexões acerca da historiografia grega e romana arcaica, que foram tecidas nos seus tratados retóricos e filosóficos, com base na terminologia própria da doutrina retórica ciceroniana, presente nessas mesmas obras. Assim, mostra-se indispensável, primeiramente, acentuar o uso dessa terminologia retórica para a compreensão dos ajuizamentos de Cícero acerca da relevância do estudo da história e da historiografia em Roma, para somente então, com base na apreensão preliminar do aparato conceitual e metodológico empregado pelo filósofo, examinar de que forma ele concebia a história e a prática historiográfica romana. A partir da análise de trechos das obras de Cícero, especialmente, De Inventione, De Oratore, Ad Familiares V, 12, De Legibus, De Re Publica, Brutus e De Officiis, poder-se-á precisar quão ligadas estão história e oratória no pensamento ciceroniano, estabelecendo-se, ao fim do percurso investigativo, o esboço da concepção ciceroniana da história.Through deep analysis of the textual context within which Cícero have woven his opinions about the knowledge and writing of historia, specially those focused on by Cicero in De Inventione, De Oratore, Ad Familiares V, 12, De Legibus, De Re Publica, Brutus and De Officiis, in which the rhetorical terminology and philosophical treatment appear as a pre-condition to the range of the meaning of his words about historia, we aim to sketch the outlines of his conception of history both as a matter of knowledge necessary to the orator and as a function of the vir dicendi peritus

Accessory toxins of vibriopathogens and their role in epithelial disruption during infection

© 2007-2018 Frontiers Media S.A. All Rights Reserved. Gastrointestinal episodes associated with Vibrio species have been rising worldwide in the last few years. Consequently, it is important to comprehend how occurs the production of diarrhea, to establish new preventive and therapeutic measures. Besides the classical CT and TCP toxins, Zot, RTX, and Ace among others have been deeply studied in V. Cholerae. However, in other Vibrio species of clinical interest, where some of these toxins have been reported, there is practically no information. Zot activates a cascade of signals inside of the cell that increase the permeability of epithelial barrier, while RTX causes depolymerization of the actin cytoskeleton and Ace increases the permeability of intestinal cell monolayers. The goal of this study is to acquire information about the distribution of these toxins in human pathogenic Vibrios and to review the progress in the study of their role in the intestinal epithelium during infection

Sistema de control y gestión de datos

Tesis (Ingeniero en Computación e Informática)El sistema a desarrollar tiene como objetivo principal Controlar, Optimizar y Gestionar los Datos de Personas Naturales y Jurídicas que provee una Empresa externa (SINACOFI), la necesidad de desarrollar el sistema nace de los distintos problemas que se han detectado a la hora de cuadrar los movimientos que se han realizado contra lo que cobra SINACOFI, y a partir de este problema surgieron otros más no menos importantes. En la actualidad Banco de Chile mantiene la información de lo que envía y recibe a SINACOFI, en planillas Excel, muchas Unidades del Banco solicitan información a SINACOFI mediante el correo electrónico y reciben por esta misma vía las respuestas, siendo que se ha designado una Unidad en particular del Banco que se encargue de las solicitudes (Unidad Administración Cartera de Clientes), se puede apreciar que en aspectos de seguridad el correo electrónico no es lo más indicado para este tipo de información que contienen los archivos que se solicitan, es altamente vulnerable y la información se puede "perder", filtrar, etc ., también se aprecia que no hay control en el personal que solicita esta información