The Cyrilka Cave-the longest crevice-type cave in Czechia: structural controls, genesis, and age

The Cyrilka Cave is the second longest pseudokarst cave and the longest crevice-type cave in Czechia. Developed within the headscarp area of a deep-seated landslide, the cave became a focus of scientific research in recent years when new passages were discovered. Structural analysis provided a general tectonic plan of the cave, as well as more detailed data on geometry and kinematics of the relaxed rock massif. The primary structure of NNE- to ENE-striking bedding is broken by a system of NNE-striking fissures interconnected by two continuous ENE-striking dextral fracture zones. Abundant signs of recent sinistral strike-slips within the rock massif represent a bold structural feature of the cave. Along with DEM imaging and a detailed survey of the cave, 2-D and 3-D ERT measurements completed an image of the main predispositions and revealed the internal structure of the slope deformation. These measures also detected unknown crevices above the existing headscarp, which indicate the retrograde evolution of the landslide. Methodologically, we used the 3-D electrical resistivity tomography in the incoherent sedimentary flysch rocks for the first time. Based on radiocarbon dating of the stalactite core, the minimum age of the cave is up to 19,900 +/- 280 cal BP, which is the oldest age detected in the area of the Outer Flysch Carpathians so far; we thoroughly discuss further indirect evidence indicating a probable Late Pleistocene age of the cave.Web of Science47339237

Vliv historické těžby železných rud v Podbeskydské pahorkatině a Moravskoslezských Beskydech na současný reliéf

Although relatively extensive extraction of the pelocarbonate iron ore in the Podbeskydská pahorkatina Upland and the Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts. have terminated until the end of the 19th century, the remnants are rarely preserved in the recent relief as collapsed shafts, mining pits, dumps or their combinations. The adits are occurring infrequently, because the majority of them are completely collapsed or at least the entrance is filled up with rocks. Similarly, the shafts formerly many meters deep, are recently reflected only as shallow concave hollows. Distinct post-mining landforms are still preserved e.g. in Chlebovice, Libotín near Štramberk, Čeladná or Kozlovice villages. The causes of wrong preservation of these forms, which stood at the beginning of the Ostrava industrial agglomeration, are as: (i) mining in the incoherent fine flysch rocks, (ii) primitive mining methods without wooden setts, and (iii) intensive anthropogenic activities after the mining termination in the landscape. Some of the localities with preserved free underground spaces are remnants after the mining of the other or the related materials, or even crevice type caves. Because of the historical importance of the iron ore mining in the wider area, I would recommend consideration of at least some basic protection of preserved landforms. Otherwise, at the present rate of the landscape changes intensity, they would shortly vanish.

Vliv historické těžby železných rud v Podbeskydské pahorkatině a Moravskoslezských Beskydech na současný reliéf

Although relatively extensive extraction of the pelocarbonate iron ore in the Podbeskydská pahorkatina Upland and the Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts. have terminated until the end of the 19th century, the remnants are rarely preserved in the recent relief as collapsed shafts, mining pits, dumps or their combinations. The adits are occurring infrequently, because the majority of them are completely collapsed or at least the entrance is filled up with rocks. Similarly, the shafts formerly many meters deep, are recently reflected only as shallow concave hollows. Distinct post-mining landforms are still preserved e.g. in Chlebovice, Libotín near Štramberk, Čeladná or Kozlovice villages. The causes of wrong preservation of these forms, which stood at the beginning of the Ostrava industrial agglomeration, are as: (i) mining in the incoherent fine flysch rocks, (ii) primitive mining methods without wooden setts, and (iii) intensive anthropogenic activities after the mining termination in the landscape. Some of the localities with preserved free underground spaces are remnants after the mining of the other or the related materials, or even crevice type caves. Because of the historical importance of the iron ore mining in the wider area, I would recommend consideration of at least some basic protection of preserved landforms. Otherwise, at the present rate of the landscape changes intensity, they would shortly vanish.

Preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte and lymphocyte-monocyte ratios reflect immune cell population rearrangement in resectable pancreatic cancer

BACKGROUND: Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) may serve as a simple index of the immune function. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of NLR, PLR, and LMR in patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and to verify whether such biomarkers are associated with changes in populations of lymphoid cells. METHODS: The prognostic implications of blood count parameters were evaluated in a retrospective cohort of 442 subjects undergoing pancreatic resections for PDAC. Subpopulations of lymphocytes and monocytes in peripheral blood were identified by FACS in a prospective cohort of 54 patients. RESULTS: In the univariate analysis, NLR < 5 and LMR ≥ 3 were associated with significantly longer median survival of 25.7 vs 12.6 months and 29.2 vs 13.1 months, respectively. PLR did not influence survival. The Cox proportional hazards model showed that high NLR (HR 1.66, 95 % CI 1.12 to 2.46, P = 0.012) and low LMR (HR 1.65, 95 % CI 1.06 to 2.58, P = 0.026) were independent predictors of poor prognosis. NLR ≥ 5 and LMR < 3 correlated with an approximately twofold decrease in counts of helper and cytotoxic T cells, B cells, and NK cells. High NLR was also accompanied with increased neutrophil counts, while low LMR showed increased numbers of monocytes, mostly classical. CONCLUSIONS: NLR and LMR may carry important prognostic information for patients with resected PDAC. The unfavorable prognosis likely correlates with reduced numbers of immune cells effective against the tumor and increased populations of cells involved in immune suppression

Słownik frazeologiczny z ćwiczeniami dla uczących się języka polskiego jako obcego

Indeks związków frazeologicznych ułożonych według komponentów rozpoczyna się od strony 163.Słownik składa się z dwu części: I. Słownik frazeologiczny dla uczących się języka polskiego jako obcego; II. Ćwiczenia frazeologiczne z komentarzem dla uczących się języka polskiego jako obcego. Na pierwszą składają się: "Uwagi wstępne" (zawierające dokładną charakterystykę zawartości leksykonu, opis sposobu doboru i porządkowania materiału), "Skróty i symbole stosowane w artykułach hasłowych", "Spis pól w układzie tematycznym", "Bibliografia", a także "Słownik frazeologiczny w układzie tematycznym dla uczących się języka polskiego jako obcego" i "Indeks związków frazeologicznych ułożonych według komponentów". Drugą z kolei tworzą ćwiczenia dla uczących się języka polskiego jako obcego ("A1. Zdrowy jak ryba", "A2–B1. Moje miasto", "B2. Z lotu ptaka", "C1. Od A do Z"), a także zestawy zadań dla tłumaczy specjalizujących się w przekładzie polsko-słowackim / słowacko-polskim ("Igraszki z ogniem w przekładzie literackim", "Przekład do tańca i do różańca?").Słownik powstał w ramach projektu Współczesna kultura polska we frazeologii (PJP/PJP/2020/1/00015) finansowanego z Programu Promocja Języka Polskiego przez Narodową Agencję Wymiany Akademickiej (NAWA

The Mitotic Arrest Deficient Protein MAD2B Interacts with the Clathrin Light Chain A during Mitosis

Contains fulltext : 87811.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)BACKGROUND: Although the mitotic arrest deficient protein MAD2B (MAD2L2) is thought to inhibit the anaphase promoting complex (APC) by binding to CDC20 and/or CDH1 (FZR1), its exact role in cell cycle control still remains to be established. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Using a yeast two-hybrid interaction trap we identified the human clathrin light chain A (CLTA) as a novel MAD2B binding protein. A direct interaction was established in mammalian cells via GST pull-down and endogenous co-immunoprecipitation during the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Through subsequent confocal laser scanning microscopy we found that MAD2B and CLTA co-localize at the mitotic spindle. Clathrin forms a trimeric structure, i.e., the clathrin triskelion, consisting of three heavy chains (CLTC), each with an associated light chain. This clathrin structure has previously been shown to be required for the function of the mitotic spindle through stabilization of kinetochore fibers. Upon siRNA-mediated MAD2B depletion, we found that CLTA was no longer concentrated at the mitotic spindle but, instead, diffusely distributed throughout the cell. In addition, we found a marked increase in the percentage of misaligned chromosomes. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Previously, we identified MAD2B as an interactor of the renal cell carcinoma (RCC)-associated protein PRCC. In addition, we found that fusion of PRCC with the transcription factor TFE3 in t(X;1)(p11;q21)-positive RCCs results in an impairment of this interaction and a concomitant failure to shuttle MAD2B to the nucleus. Our current data show that MAD2B interacts with CLTA during the G2/M phase of the cell cycle and that depletion of MAD2B leads to a marked increase in the percentage of misaligned chromosomes and a redistribution of CLTA during mitosis

Rozsedlinové jeskyně ve flyši Karpat =Crevice-Type Caves in the Carpathian Flysh

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Pseudokarst caves of the Outer Western Carpathians, Czechia

The paper presents complex results of a dataset related to the pseudokarst caves in the area of the Czech Outer Western Carpathians. We collected the data from all 130 discovered and described caves of different types and dimensions in various geomorphic units and lithologies. We mainly focus on the results of the morphometric parameters of the caves as well as of the areas with their entrances. The final map sheet presents the Main Map with the position of the caves, their size category, type, classification of the position within the slope deformation and natural protection status. Moreover, the final map sheet also contains a supplementary map of the distribution of the caves, diagrams of their morphometric parameters, detailed maps of Mraznica and Cyrilka Caves, a graph of overwintering bat species in Cyrilka Cave and structural measurement diagrams. The map is intended to be used as introductory material into the problems of pseudokarst caves

Crevice-type caves as indicators of slope failures :a review paying a special attention to the flysch Carpathians of Czechia, Poland, and Slovakia

The occurrence and evolution of crevice-type caves is one of the most spectacular phenomena in the progression of slope failures in distinct types of rocks. Crevices are common manifestations of disintegration of anisotropic flysch rocks in the area of the Carpathians. This paper presents the issues of the close connection between the evolution of gravitational slope deformations and the formation of crevice-type caves. Furthermore, it presents a contemporary view on the regional distribution of crevice-type caves in this area and outlines the recent progress and future possibilities of the investigation of this phenomenon. Based on the vertical distribution of different morphological zones within the caves and the main modes of their evolution, we can distinguish three basic types of crevice-type caves: (i) translational/spreading type, (ii) toppling type and (iii) rotational type.355

Visualisation of volcanic relief and processes: the Nízký Jeseník upland educational trail, Czech Republic

<p>The paper presents the visualisation of volcanic relief and processes that formed the landscape of the Nízký Jeseník Upland (today recognised as a national geopark) during different phases of the Cenozoic. There are three basic types of volcanic phenomena: (i) volcanoes, (ii) lava flows and changes of relief induced by them and (iii) tuffaceous sediments. These are presented by block diagrams, panoramic maps and cross-sections on 18 panels placed along a 25 km long education trail leading through the volcanic landscape. We used a combination of GIS and graphic software to produce block diagrams based on various published and unpublished information sources. The education trail transfers scientific knowledge to the general public in an effort to contribute to the educational objectives of the Jeseníky Geopark.</p